Panadol 500 mg instructions for use effervescent. Universal pain reliever - Panadol. During pregnancy and lactation

Panadol is a drug belonging to the group of non-selective non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Panadol contains active substance, which has strong antipyretic and analgesic effects.

Panadol is characterized by weak anti-inflammatory properties, since paracetamol is inactivated by cellular peroxidases. The classic packaging of Panadol is tablets coated with a special coating.

The composition of one Panadol tablet includes:

• Paracetamol – 500 milligrams;
• Povidone;
• Potassium sorbate;
• Corn starch;
• Triacetin;
• Pregelatinized starch;
• Hypromellose;
• Stearic acid;
• Talc.

The drug belongs to the group of antipyretic-analgesics with characteristic antipyretic and analgesic effects. The active component of Panadol affects areas of thermoregulation and pain.

Panadol has virtually no anti-inflammatory properties. The active substance has almost no side effects on the mucous membranes of the body. Panadol does not affect the synthesis of prostaglandins or the water-salt balance.

The active substance of Panadol tablets is characterized by uniform distribution in the body without penetration into the liquid spinal cord and adipose tissue.

Who is Panadol prescribed for?

The medicine is prescribed as symptomatic therapy, and also to suppress pain:

The drug is also prescribed for high body temperature (as a result of a cold or infectious disease). Panadol has an effect only to reduce pain symptoms.

Contraindications

The drug is not prescribed for personal hypersensitivity. The drug is not prescribed for children under six years of age.

The medicine is not prescribed to persons suffering from the following diseases:

Side effects

By carefully observing the dosage of Panadol recommended by the manufacturer, patients, as a rule, tolerate it well medical product. But individual changes are still sometimes noted.

Instructions for use of Panadol

For adults, the normal dose is 500–1000 mg two to four times a day. The established interval between doses must be at least four hours. During the day, it is permissible to take a maximum of eight tablets.

Long-term use of Panadol for the purpose of pain relief (longer than 5 days), or as an antipyretic agent (longer than three days) is unacceptable.

Permission to increase the dosage or duration of treatment is made by the doctor.

Instructions for use of Panadol effervescent tablets:

1. Before use, the tablet is dissolved in water.
2. You are allowed to take a maximum of four tablets throughout the day.
3. In the form of effervescent tablets, the drug is prescribed mainly to people with difficulty swallowing and children.

What to do in case of overdose?

The manufacturer recommends using soluble Panadol, strictly adhering to the dosage. If the dose is exceeded, it is necessary to urgently seek the help of a doctor, even in the absence of negative symptoms. Otherwise, there is a possibility of gradual deterioration of liver function.

In adult patients initial symptoms liver damage is observed when consuming ten grams of Panadol. When consumed from 5 g, toxic effects are observed in a certain group of patients with the following risk factors:

• In persons who drink alcoholic beverages frequently and in large doses;
• In patients taking Phenytoin, Phenobarbital, Carbamazepine, Rifampicin, Primidone and other drugs that stimulate the production of enzymes by the liver;
• If there is a deficiency of glutathione (persons suffering from malnutrition, HIV-infected people, suffering from cystic fibrosis).

Indicators of poisoning:

• Heavy sweating;
• Vomiting and feeling of nausea;
• Epigastric pain;
• Pallor of the skin.

In case of severe intoxication the following is observed:

• Exacerbation of renal failure;
• Arrhythmia;
• Encephalopathy;
• Coma;
• Tubular necrosis;
• Pancreatitis.

In cases of poisoning, gastric lavage is prescribed with the use of enterosorbing drugs (polyphepan, activated carbon). In case of severe liver damage, treatment is carried out under medical supervision at a poison control center.

Additional information:

Children 6–9 years old can take the drug up to four times a day, 1–2 tablets. The interval must be at least four hours. No more than 2 tablets per day are allowed.

Children from 9 to 12 years old take Panadol 1 tablet up to four times a day. Maximum dose can be 4 tablets per day.

Panadol for pregnant and breastfeeding mothers

The active substance has the ability to penetrate the placenta. No negative effects of the medication on the fetus have been noted, therefore the use of Panadol during pregnancy is recommended necessary cases acceptable. Before prescribing treatment with Panadol, the doctor assesses the need to take the drug (from the point of view of applying possible harm to kid).

Children's Panadol syrup is prescribed as an anesthetic or to quickly reduce the temperature in a child of any age. Children's Panadol is a thick pink liquid with possible small crystals. Children's Panadol has a characteristic strawberry aroma.

The main active ingredient of the drug is paracetamol. 5 ml of the drug contains 120 mcg of active substance.

Children's syrup includes additional components:

• Malic and citric acid;
• Strawberry flavor;
• Distilled water;
• Other components.

The drug is available in dark glass bottles. The lid is childproof - first you need to press the lid and only then turn it, otherwise it will not open. The kit also includes a measuring syringe. The children's drug has pleasant taste and smell, so children drink it with pleasure.

Who is prescribed children's Panadol?

The effect of consuming syrup is more pronounced as an antipyretic or analgesic. The active substance of the drug begins to appear half an hour after administration. The syrup is prescribed to children over three months old.

The drug is most effective:

• For colds accompanied by high fever;
• For toothache (including during the period when teeth are being cut);
• For migraines.

In some cases, one-time use of Panadol by children under three months is acceptable, in cases of increased body temperature as a result of vaccination.

Who is prohibited from taking children's Panadol?

It is unacceptable to use:

• Children who are less than three months old;
• Children suffering from serious kidney and liver disorders;
• In case of personal intolerance to the ingredients contained in the drug.

Use with caution:

• For minor kidney and liver diseases;
• With insufficient glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase enzyme;
• For diagnosed blood diseases such as severe anemia, thrombocytopenia and leukopenia.

Children two to three months old, as well as premature infants, are allowed a single dose if the local pediatrician agrees.

While taking the drug, it is prohibited to simultaneously use products containing paracetamol.

The syrup is intended for internal use. Before use, it must be shaken until a homogeneous consistency is obtained.

The main active ingredient of the suppositories is paracetamol in quantities of 250 and 125 mg, as well as auxiliary ingredients. The package contains 12 analgesic suppositories. They will help stabilize body temperature, relieve pain, and stop inflammation. The ingredients that make up the candles are easily absorbed by the body.

Candles are prescribed:

• For influenza, acute respiratory viral infections and acute respiratory infections;
• For headaches;
• For pain different localization;
• For toothache;
• For joint pain;
• For rheumatism.

Contraindications

Incorrect use of suppositories can cause a skin rash and even swelling of the throat. Long-term use can provoke liver dysfunction, including necrotic phenomena.

Panadol price, where to buy

The price of Panadol depends on the region of Russia, usually a package costs up to 100 RUR. rub. Dispensed in pharmacies and pharmacy kiosks throughout Russia without a prescription.

Panadol reviews

Ekaterina, 25 years old, Vyborg: It’s so good that there is now children's medicine in the form of a syrup that tastes and smells pleasant! My son enjoys drinking it. The temperature drops quite quickly after Panadol. The instructions indicate that within half an hour, this usually happens. By the way, I bought the syrup on the advice of our pediatrician - I usually always consult a doctor before giving anything to my baby.

It is very important to follow the instructions and follow the dosage in accordance with the child’s body weight. Two days of taking it was enough for us to bring down the temperature. If your pediatrician recommended Panadol for children, I think you should listen.

Tatyana, 30 years old, Ekaterinburg: Yes, the syrup is great and helps a lot! It’s great that there is such a syrup that tastes good and smells like strawberries, because it’s much easier to give to a child. We managed to bring down my son’s high fever very quickly when he got the flu! Thanks to the manufacturers for detailed instructions, which is written in simple, accessible language.

Evdokia Aleksandrovna, 56 years old, Moscow: Panadol is just a “magic wand”! I use it against toothache and headaches, and most often for lower back pain. So I can say with full responsibility: Panadol tablets have never let me down. For its ability to relieve pain, I confidently give Panadol “five plus” – even the most severe pain the drug removes instantly. That is why Panadol tablets are always present in my home medicine cabinet. Yesterday I bought more syrup for my granddaughter: her teeth are very difficult. After she drank baby syrup Panadol, I slept well all night.

Thank you

The site provides background information for informational purposes only. Diagnosis and treatment of diseases must be carried out under the supervision of a specialist. All drugs have contraindications. Consultation with a specialist is required!

What kind of drug is Panadol, and what is it for?

Panadol has two main effects - antipyretic and analgesic, which explains its widespread and almost universal use. Contrary to popular opinion this drug has virtually no anti-inflammatory effect. The list of indications is very wide, and it can be divided into two main groups.

The first group of pathologies are diseases with severe pain.

Pathologies with severe pain syndrome for which Panadol is used include:

• arthralgia ( joint pain);
• pain during menstruation.

The second group of indications are various colds accompanied by fever. In this case, Panadol is prescribed as a symptomatic treatment for influenza, pneumonia, bronchitis and fever of unknown origin. The antipyretic effect is also associated with blockade of the enzyme cyclooxygenase and, as a consequence, prostaglandins. Inhibition of prostaglandins in the hypothalamic thermoregulation center leads to temporary elimination of fever. In addition, panadol increases heat transfer, which also leads to a decrease in temperature.

Thus, both effects of Panadol are due to the blockade of prostaglandin synthesis. The difference is the location. Inhibition of prostaglandins in the thermoregulatory center leads to a decrease in temperature, similar action in the center of pain is accompanied by an analgesic effect. Both centers are located in the hypothalamus.

Active ingredient: Panadol

When taken orally, paracetamol is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. After absorption through the mucous membrane, it penetrates into the blood, where it binds to plasma proteins by 15 percent. Paracetamol is transported through the bloodstream to the liver, where most of it is subject to conjugation ( tying) with glucuronic and sulfuric acid. As a result of this reaction, non-toxic to the body and easily excreted metabolites are formed. Subsequently, these metabolites ( glucuronide and sulfates) are excreted by the kidneys within 20–24 hours. If creatinine clearance is less than 20 milliliters per minute ( what is observed in renal failure), the elimination of the drug slows down several times.

The maximum concentration of paracetamol in the blood after a single dose is reached within an hour. So, when taking one tablet orally ( 500 milligrams) within an hour the concentration of panadol is 6 micrograms per kilogram of weight. The drug is quickly eliminated by the kidneys, so after 5 - 6 hours the concentration of Panadol is halved. Distribution of the drug occurs mainly in body fluids, with the exception of cerebrospinal fluid. About one percent of the drug passes into breast milk, which should, of course, be taken into account by nursing women.

Metabolism of the drug depends on general condition the body, namely on the functionality of the kidneys and liver. Thus, with cirrhosis of the liver and other diseases of this organ, the metabolism of Panadol slows down. As a result, the drug circulates in the body longer, which increases the risk of toxic effects.

The half-life of Panadol ranges from 2 to 4 hours, and in case of renal failure it increases to 6 hours. During this time, the concentration of the drug in the blood is halved, and half of Panadol is excreted from the body.

What does Panadol help with?

The main indication for the use of Panadol is fever in children and adults. The mechanism of antipyretic action is to influence the thermoregulation center, which is located in the hypothalamus. The indication for the use of Panadol is fever of various etiologies, and even fever of unknown origin.
It is important to know that Panadol does not have an anti-inflammatory effect. Therefore, it makes no sense to prescribe it for colds without fever. It is also not recommended to take Panadol for rheumatic diseases and connective tissue diseases.

How does Panadol work?

The mechanism of fever is due to an increase in the level of prostaglandins in the thermoregulatory center. The front part of this part of the brain receives information from thermoreceptors, while the back part ( heat production center) sends impulses back to muscles, skin vessels and other organs. Due to this, overall metabolism increases and thermoregulation processes in the muscles are activated. The heat transfer center is located in the nuclei of the anterior hypothalamus. Impulses coming from these areas lead to a decrease in heat production due to the expansion of blood vessels and increased heat release. In addition to prostaglandins, both reactions also involve hormones such as adrenaline, thyroxine and others. The constancy of temperature is due to the mutual regulation of the processes of heat production and heat transfer.

The activation of certain heat exchange mechanisms occurs depending on specific conditions. For example, when the temperature drops environment a mechanism such as trembling is activated, which increases heat transfer. In other words, the thermoregulation center is constantly tuned to maintain a certain body temperature - comfort temperature. To maintain this comfort, it is necessary that the air temperature in the room be no more than 25 degrees, and at the body level there would be no pyrogenic ( antipyretic) processes. Any change in these conditions leads to irritation of the corresponding receptors in the hypothalamus and a change in temperature.

The analgesic mechanism of action of panadol is similar to the antipyretic effect. A key link is also the blockade of the synthesis of prostaglandins - pain mediators. The blockade is carried out at the level of the cyclooxygenase enzyme.

In the mechanism pain syndrome the main role is given to hypersensitivity nerve endings (nociceptors) under the influence of substances, namely prostaglandins. In addition to prostaglandins, other mediators are involved in increasing sensitivity to pain - histamine, cytokines. As a rule, these are mediators from the inflammatory group that have many effects. Some increase vascular permeability and generate edema, others trigger allergic processes. In the occurrence of pain, the most significant are prostaglandins, namely prostaglandins of the E2 group, which most increase the sensitivity of receptors to pain.

Thus, a vicious circle is observed - tissue damage is accompanied by the release of chemical substances, which enhance both the processes of inflammation and pain. In turn, pain symptoms affect the functioning of many systems. That is why many experts recommend eliminating pain, since it is an important component of the treatment of many diseases.

To enhance the analgesic effect of Panadol, caffeine or other components are often added to combination drugs. Caffeine improves absorption ( suction) panadol and thereby enhances the analgesic effect.

How long does it take to work ( brings down the temperature) panadol?

How long does Panadol last?

The speed of effect and action of Panadol are also affected by physiological characteristics body. First of all, it is age. Thus, in children, due to the larger volume of circulating fluid and intensive metabolism, the effect occurs much faster - within 20 minutes. However, at the same time, it does not last long - up to one hour. In people over 60–65 years of age, the volume of circulating fluid decreases several times, as a result of which the metabolism of the drug slows down. Therefore, the effect occurs not after half an hour, but after an hour and a half. Due to decreased kidney function ( which naturally occurs with age) the rate of elimination of panadol is reduced, which also increases its circulation time. The consequence of this is a long-term analgesic and antipyretic effect.

Can children have Panadol?

In this case, in children, especially small ones, the rectal route of administration is preferable. In this case, the age dosage remains the same. The difference between the rectal route of administration is the rapid development of the effect. This is explained by the abundant blood supply to the rectum, which facilitates the absorption of the drug and, as a result, its faster action.

Panadol during pregnancy

Panadol during breastfeeding

Instructions for use of Panadol

Release forms, doses and composition of Panadol

Panadol effervescent

Panadol tablets

Panadol syrup

Candles and suppositories

Children's Panadol suppositories are available in 125 and 250 milligrams. It is recommended to use 1 suppository 2 to 4 times a day every 6 hours. The duration of action of one candle is 6 hours.

Panadol extra

Indications for Panadol extra are:

• migraine;
• head and toothache;
• lumbar pain;
• muscle pain ( myalgia);
• painful menstruation;
• flu;
• fever.

Use of Panadol

It is recommended to swallow the tablets of the drug whole, without chewing or crushing, with a sufficient amount of water. Effervescent version of Panadol ( for example, Panadol Soluble) should be dissolved in a glass of water before use. The duration of treatment with Panadol, as well as its dose, are determined by the attending physician individually for each patient. However, on average the duration should not exceed 5 – 7 days. The daily dose for adults and adolescents over 12 years of age should not exceed 4 grams, and a single dose - 1 gram. As a rule, the doctor prescribes 500–1000 milligrams ( one - two tablets) 4 times a day. In this case, it is necessary to maintain an interval between taking the drug of at least 4 hours. For children aged 6 to 12 years, it is recommended to take 250–500 milligrams also 4 times a day with an interval of 4–6 hours.

Thus, the permissible daily dose for adults is 4000 milligrams ( 4 grams), and for children – 2000 milligrams. It is also important not to exceed the duration of taking the drug. If the expected effect does not occur within 3 days, then further use of the drug is not advisable.

The use of Panadol depends on the category of the patient ( child or adult), as well as from the readings. So, as a rule, Panadol is prescribed as an antipyretic.

Panadol for headaches and toothaches

Panadol suspension for teething

Contraindications to taking Panadol

In general, Panadol has a narrow range of contraindications, and it is limited to chronic decompensated pathologies of the liver and kidneys.
Specific contraindications include the absence of the enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and blood diseases. Panadol should be used with caution during pregnancy and breastfeeding.

Contraindications to the use of Panadol are:

• hypersensitivity to paracetamol;
• cirrhosis, hepatitis and other liver dysfunctions;
• chronic or acute renal failure;
• genetic deficiency of the enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase;
• blood pathologies;
• pregnancy;
• chronic alcoholism.

Liver dysfunction

Thus, the condition of the liver directly affects the activity of Panadol. If liver function is impaired, the process of formation of inactive metabolites slows down. This leads to prolonged circulation of the drug and prolongation of its action, and this, in turn, increases the risk of side effects.

Kidney failure

Genetic deficiency of the enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase

Blood pathologies

Pregnancy and breastfeeding

Chronic active alcoholism

Side effects of Panadol

Side effects of Panadol

System

List of side effects

Hepatobiliary system(liver and bile ducts) anti-inflammatory drugs ( NSAIDs). Liver damage and gastrointestinal symptoms are recorded in patients with pathologies of the corresponding systems. The cost of Panadol in various cities of Russia and reviews of the drug Panadol is not a rare drug in Russian pharmacies. It is in great demand especially in the autumn-winter period. Prices for the drug vary depending on the region. The cost of Panadol in Russian cities City Tablets, 500 milligrams, 12 pieces Soluble tablets, 500 milligrams, 12 pieces Syrup, 100 milliliters Rectal suppositories, 250 milligrams, 10 pieces Moscow Saint Petersburg Tver Krasnoyarsk Krasnodar Nizhny Novgorod Panadol is a drug belonging to the group of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Panadol is used to reduce elevated body temperature. In addition, this remedy has an analgesic effect. The anti-inflammatory effect of the drug is weak due to the fact that paracetamol is inactivated by cellular peroxidases. The analgesic and antipyretic effect of the drug is achieved by reducing the amount of prostaglandins in the central nervous system. In this article we will look at why doctors prescribe Panadol, including instructions for use, analogues and prices for this drug in pharmacies. Real REVIEWS of people who have already used Panadol can be read in the comments. Composition and release form Panadol is available in tablet form: soluble Panadol tablets and film-coated tablets. One tablet contains 500 mg of paracetamol. Additional components: lemon acid, sodium bicarbonate, sodium saccharinate, sorbitol, sodium carbonate, povidone, sodium lauryl sulfate, dimethicone. Clinical and pharmacological group: analgesic-antipyretic. What does Panadol help with? The drug Panadol is used for symptomatic therapy: Pain syndrome: painful menstruation, muscle pain, lower back pain, sore throat, toothache, migraine, headache; Feverish syndrome: increased body temperature during colds and flu (as an antipyretic). The drug does not affect the progression of the disease and is intended to reduce pain and fever at the time of use. pharmachologic effect Analgesic-antipyretic. Has an analgesic and antipyretic effect. Blocks COX-1 and COX-2 mainly in the central nervous system, affecting the centers of pain and thermoregulation. The anti-inflammatory effect is practically absent. Does not cause irritation to the mucous membranes of the stomach and intestines. Has no effect on water-salt metabolism, since it does not affect the synthesis of prostaglandins in peripheral tissues. Instructions for use Approximate use and dosage of Panadol in tablet form: For adults (including the elderly), the drug is prescribed 500 mg-1 g (1-2 tablets) up to 4 times a day, if necessary. The interval between doses is at least 4 hours, a single dose (2 tablets) can be taken no more than 4 times (8 tablets) within 24 hours. Children aged 6-9 years are prescribed 1/2 tablet. 3-4 times/day, if necessary. The interval between doses is at least 4 hours. The maximum single dose for children 6-9 years old is 1/2 tablet. (250 mg), maximum daily dose – 2 tablets. (1 g). Children aged 9-12 years are prescribed 1 tablet. up to 4 times/day, if necessary. The interval between doses is at least 4 hours, a single dose (1 tablet) can be taken no more than 4 times (4 tablets) within 24 hours. Approximate scheme of use and dosage of children's Panadol in the form of a suspension: 2–3 months – individual dosage is prescribed exclusively by the attending physician; 3–6 months - give the baby 4 ml, the maximum permissible daily dose is 16 ml; from 6 months to 1 year – 5 ml up to four times a day; from one to two years – 7 ml, per day up to 28 ml; from one to two years – 9 ml, it is allowed to use up to 36 ml per day; from three years to six years old – 10 ml, the maximum allowed to give a baby is 40 ml; from six to nine years - 14 ml, you can give the baby 56 ml per day; from nine to twelve years - 20 ml, 80 ml can be taken daily. The drug is not recommended for use for more than 5 days as an analgesic and for more than 3 days as an antipyretic without a doctor’s prescription and supervision. Increase daily dose The drug or duration of treatment is possible only under the supervision of a physician. Contraindications It is necessary to refuse completely: until the child is 3 months old; at severe violations in the functioning of the kidneys and liver; in case of personal intolerance to the components that make up Panadol. Give with caution: with minor deviations in the functioning of the kidneys and liver; in the absence of the enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase; with existing blood pathologies - severe anemia, thrombocytopenia and leukopenia. For babies from 2 to 3 months and premature babies, a single dose is allowed only with the permission of the pediatrician. Side effects The drug is usually well tolerated by patients, but in some cases the following side effects may develop: Metabolic processes: lowering blood glucose levels. Urinary system: kidney inflammation. Skin lesions: skin necrosis. Respiratory system: bronchospasm. Digestive system: vomiting, increased activity of liver enzymes, nausea, stomach pain. Hypersensitivity reactions: skin rash, itching, urticaria, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, Lyell's syndrome, Quincke's edema, anaphylactic shock. Hematopoietic system: anemia, pancytopenia, agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia, methemoglobinemia. Laboratory tests: changes in indicators uric acid and blood sugar. Analogs Analogues of Panadol active substance are the following drugs: Apap; Daleron; Ifimol; Calpol; Xumapar; Paracetamol; Perfalgan; Passer; Strimol; Flutabs; Cefekon D; Efferalgan. Attention: the use of analogues must be agreed with the attending physician. Prices The average price of PANADOL tablets in pharmacies (Moscow) is 45 rubles. Children's suspension costs 90 rubles. Conditions for dispensing from pharmacies The drug is approved for use as a means of OTC. Analgesic-antipyretic Active substance Release form, composition and packaging ◊ Tablets, coated film-coated white, capsule-shaped with a flat edge, on one side of the tablet there is an embossed sign in the form of a triangle, on the other side there is a mark. Excipients: corn starch - 21.4 mg, pregelatinized starch - 50 mg, potassium sorbate - 0.6 mg, - 2 mg, talc - 15 mg, stearic acid - 5 mg, triacetin - 0.83 mg, hypromellose - 4.17 mg. 6 pcs. - blisters (2) - cardboard packs. 12 pcs. - blisters (1) - cardboard packs. pharmachologic effect Analgesic-antipyretic. Has an analgesic and antipyretic effect. Blocks COX-1 and COX-2 mainly in the central nervous system, affecting the centers of pain and thermoregulation. The anti-inflammatory effect is practically absent. Does not cause irritation to the mucous membranes of the stomach and intestines. It has no effect on water-salt metabolism, since it does not affect the synthesis of prostaglandins in peripheral tissues. Pharmacokinetics Suction and distribution Absorption is high, C max is reached after 0.5-2 hours and is 5-20 μg/ml. Protein binding - 15%. Penetrates through the BBB. Less than 1% of the dose of paracetamol taken by a nursing mother passes into breast milk. The therapeutically effective concentration of paracetamol in plasma is achieved when administered at a dose of 10-15 mg/kg. Metabolism and excretion Metabolized in the liver (90-95%): 80% enters into conjugation reactions with glucuronic acid and sulfates to form inactive metabolites; 17% undergoes hydroxylation to form 8 active metabolites, which conjugate with glutathione to form inactive metabolites. With a lack of glutathione, these metabolites can block the enzyme systems of hepatocytes and cause their necrosis. The CYP 2E1 isoenzyme is also involved in the metabolism of the drug. T1/2 - 1-4 hours. Excreted by the kidneys in the form of metabolites, mainly conjugates, only 3% unchanged. Pharmacokinetics in special clinical situations In elderly patients, drug clearance decreases and T1/2 increases. Indications Symptomatic therapy: pain syndrome: headache, migraine, toothache, sore throat, lower back pain, muscle pain, painful menstruation; febrile syndrome (as an antipyretic): increased body temperature against the background of colds and flu. The drug is intended to reduce pain at the time of use and does not affect the progression of the disease. Contraindications childhood up to 6 years; hypersensitivity to the components of the drug. WITH caution the drug should be used for renal and liver failure, benign hyperbilirubinemia (including Gilbert's syndrome), viral hepatitis, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, alcoholic liver damage, alcoholism, in old age, during pregnancy and lactation. Dosage Adults (including elderly) the drug is prescribed at 500 mg-1 g (1-2 tablets) up to 4 times a day, if necessary. The interval between doses is at least 4 hours, a single dose (2 tablets) can be taken no more than 4 times (8 tablets) within 24 hours. Children aged 6-9 years prescribed 1/2 tablet. 3-4 times/day, if necessary. The interval between doses is at least 4 hours. The maximum single dose for children 6-9 years old is 1/2 tablet. (250 mg), maximum daily dose - 2 tablets. (1 g). Children aged 9-12 years 1 tablet is prescribed. up to 4 times/day, if necessary. The interval between doses is at least 4 hours, a single dose (1 tablet) can be taken no more than 4 times (4 tablets) within 24 hours. The drug is not recommended for use for more than 5 days as an analgesic and for more than 3 days as an antipyretic without a doctor’s prescription and supervision. Increasing the daily dose of the drug or the duration of treatment is possible only under the supervision of a physician. Side effects Allergic reactions: sometimes - skin rashes, itching, Quincke's edema. From the hematopoietic system: rarely - anemia, thrombocytopenia, methemoglobinemia. From the urinary system: with long-term use in high doses - renal colic, nonspecific bacteriuria, interstitial nephritis, papillary necrosis. Overdose The drug should be taken only in recommended doses. If the recommended dose is exceeded, you should immediately seek medical advice. medical care, even if you feel well, as there is a risk of delayed serious liver damage. Liver damage in adults is possible when taking ≥ 10 g of paracetamol. Taking ≥ 5 g of paracetamol may cause liver damage in patients with the following risk factors: long-term treatment with phenobarbital, phenytoin, primidone, rifampicin, St. John's wort or other drugs that stimulate liver enzymes; regular consumption of alcohol in excess quantities; possibly having glutathione deficiency (due to malnutrition, cystic fibrosis, HIV infection, starvation and exhaustion). Symptoms Acute paracetamol poisoning includes nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, sweating, and pale skin. After 1-2 days, signs of liver damage are determined (pain in the liver area, increased activity of liver enzymes). In severe cases of overdose, liver failure, acute renal failure with tubular necrosis (including in the absence of severe liver damage), arrhythmia, pancreatitis, encephalopathy and coma may develop. Hepatotoxic effects in adults occur when taking ≥ 10 g of paracetamol. Treatment: Stop using the drug and consult a doctor immediately. It is recommended to lavage the stomach and take enterosorbents (, polyphepan); administration of SH-group donors and precursors for the synthesis of glutathione - methionine 8-9 hours after an overdose and N-acetylcysteine ​​- after 12 hours. The need for additional therapeutic measures (further administration, intravenous administration of N-acetylcysteine) is determined depending on the concentration paracetamol in the blood, as well as the time elapsed after taking it. Treatment of patients with severe liver dysfunction 24 hours after taking paracetamol should be carried out in conjunction with specialists from a poison control center or specialized liver disease department. Drug interactions Long-term combined use of paracetamol and other NSAIDs increases the risk of developing “analgesic” nephropathy and renal papillary necrosis, the onset of terminal stage renal failure. Simultaneous long-term administration of paracetamol in high doses and salicylates increases the risk of developing kidney or bladder cancer. Diflunisal increases the plasma concentration of paracetamol by 50%, which increases the risk of hepatotoxicity. Myelotoxic medicines increase the manifestations of hematotoxicity of the drug. The drug, when taken for a long time, enhances the effect of indirect ones (warfarin and other coumarins), which increases the risk of bleeding. Inducers of microsomal oxidation enzymes in the liver (barbiturates, phenytoin, carbamazepine, rifampicin, zidovudine, phenytoin, ethanol, flumecinol, phenylbutazone and tricyclic antidepressants) increase the risk of hepatotoxicity in overdoses. Microsomal oxidation inhibitors (cimetidine) reduce the risk of hepatotoxicity. Metoclopramide and domperidone increase, and cholestyramine reduces the rate of absorption of paracetamol. Ethanol, when used simultaneously with paracetamol, contributes to the development of acute pancreatitis. The drug may reduce the activity of uricosuric drugs. Has restrictions during pregnancy Has restrictions when breastfeeding Has restrictions for children Has restrictions for older people Has limitations for liver problems Has limitations for kidney problems Every person, regardless of age and gender, periodically experiences various pains or fever. Analgesic and antipyretic drugs help cope with such symptoms. One of the most popular and safe drugs is Panadol. However, not everyone knows how to use it correctly, so it is worth studying the instructions for use in more detail in order to avoid the most common mistakes made when treating with the drug. general information Panadol is drug, which is used to relieve pain of mild or moderate intensity in different locations. This product is produced by the pharmaceutical corporation GlaxoSmithKline Dungarvan LTD (Ireland/Great Britain). Drug group, INN, application Panadol tablets belong to a special group medicines– analgesics-antipyretics. Such drugs are non-narcotic painkillers. They are also able to reduce high body temperature during various colds and infectious diseases that are accompanied by an inflammatory process. Particularly popular are effervescent tablets (Panadol Soluble), which quickly dissolve in water and act much faster than usual. International generic name depends on the active component that is part of the drug and determines its effect. Panadol INN – . Medicine is used to eliminate pain and reduce high temperature body for colds, ARVI and other diseases. Release form and cost Panadol is available in tablet form. Each tablet is white in color and cylindrical in shape. On one side it has a special break line, and on the other there is a corporate logo in the form of a triangle. Total in cardboard box contains 12 such tablets. You can buy Panadol at any pharmacy, since it is freely available. The retail price of a medicine depends on where it is purchased. Examples of the cost of the drug (for 12 tablets) in different pharmacies in Russian cities: Many people today are convinced of the convenience and ease of ordering medications from online pharmacies. Such stores offer reasonable prices and also provide fast delivery of goods directly to your home. Components and their action The medicine contains the active substance – paracetamol. 1 tablet contains 500 mg. Additional components have an auxiliary effect. Among them are corn starch, gelatin, hypromellose, povidone, talc, triacetin, potassium sorbate, stearic acid. The pharmacodynamics of the drug depends on the action of its active component. Paracetamol blocks cyclooxygenases (1 and 2), which leads to a decrease in the production of prostaglandins (pain mediators and thermoregulation). This effect is mainly observed in the central nervous system, without affecting the peripheral one. Therefore, this substance does not irritate the intestinal mucosa and does not affect water-salt metabolism. Paracetamol has the ability to relieve pain and fever, but is not able to relieve inflammation. Paracetamol is well absorbed from the digestive system. An hour or 2 after oral administration, its maximum concentration is observed. The metabolic process occurs in the liver, where, when interacting with various substances (glucuronic acid, sulfates, glutathione), active and inactive metabolites are formed. The substance is excreted in the form of metabolites (3% unchanged) by the kidneys along with urine. The half-life ranges from 1 to 4 hours. Many people are interested in what is the difference between regular Panadol and Panadol Extra? The second drug is a type of Panadol, which additionally contains caffeine. It promotes more active absorption of paracetamol and increases its bioavailability. This significantly enhances the analgesic ability of the drug. In addition, the substance has a tonic effect on blood vessels and provides an additional analgesic effect. But it is worth remembering that hypertensive patients should not take this drug, as it can slightly increase blood pressure. 1 tablet contains 500 mg of paracetamol, as well as additional caffeine (65 mg). The tablets are effervescent, meaning they are dissolved in water before use, which speeds up absorption. Indications and possible limitations Panadol is used if there are appropriate indications. So what does the drug help with? It is used for symptomatic relief of pain, which is of weak or moderate intensity and of varying localization. At the same time, it makes it easier: pain in the teeth (including after dental procedures); headache (tension pain or migraine); rheumatic or neuralgic pain in the back; muscle pain; menstrual pain; neuralgic pain in different parts bodies. The medicine is widely used as an antipyretic for colds and infectious diseases to eliminate fever. The medicine does not affect the progression of the pathology, since it does not have the ability to stop inflammatory process. Contraindications are individual intolerance to one or more components, children's age (under 6 years). In these cases, the drug is not used at all. It can be prescribed with extreme caution in the presence of the following conditions: hyperbilirubinemia; viral hepatitis; kidney or liver failure in severe stages; lack of glucose; alcohol abuse, alcoholic hepatitis or cirrhosis; advanced age; period of bearing a child; lactation period. In the presence of such conditions, the drug should be taken only under medical supervision. He takes into account the risks, determines the possibility of taking the medicine and prescribes a special dosage regimen. Panadol is approved for use by pregnant women and nursing mothers. Although its active component paracetamol is able to penetrate the placental barrier and into breast milk, it does not have a negative or dangerous effect on the fetus, the course of pregnancy or the lactation process, and does not harm the baby. But it should be used with caution. Instructions for use It is important to use this medicine correctly. This is a drug for internal use. Therefore, the tablets are swallowed whole with liquid. It is also important to follow the dosage: It is important to remember that you should wait at least 4 hours between doses. Children are given the medicine for no more than 3 days in a row, then consultation with a doctor is required. Pharmacological interaction An important point in using Panadol is the possibility of combining it with other medications. Here are some facts about him drug interactions that must be taken into account: special instructions To avoid negative consequences, some features of the drug should be taken into account. Among special instructions you need to pay attention to the following points: In some conditions (exhaustion, sepsis, HIV infection), there is a lack of glutathione, which is involved in the metabolism of paracetamol. In this case, the risk of developing metabolic acidosis. Its signs are: rapid breathing, inability to take a breath; nausea; attack of vomiting; loss of appetite. If such symptoms appear, you should immediately seek help from medical institution. Panadol does not affect the reaction rate, so it can be used by vehicle drivers. By following these recommendations, you can reduce the risk of developing negative and potentially life-threatening consequences to a minimum. Side effects and signs of overdose As a rule, when taken correctly, the drug is well tolerated. But in some cases, the following negative side effects are possible: Overdose is enough dangerous phenomenon, especially if the patient has taken more than 5 g of paracetamol. This can cause liver toxicity. People at risk of such damage include people who: taking drugs that stimulate liver enzymes (rifampicin, phenobarbital, primidone and others); abuse alcohol; they eat irrationally, starve, go on a diet, and are malnourished; have severe pathologies that provoke glutathione deficiency (HIV infections, cystic fibrosis). How to identify paracetamol poisoning? In case of overdose, the patient experiences: abdominal pain; attack of nausea and vomiting; pale skin; increased sweating; general weakness. Signs of liver poisoning appear on the 2nd day. In this case, liver failure, pancreatitis, heart rhythm disturbances, and encephalopathy may develop. In the presence of such pathologies, a person falls into a coma. Most often, such life-threatening conditions occur when taking more than 10 g of medication. What should you do when taking large doses of paracetamol? First of all, regardless of how you feel, you should contact a medical facility. There the patient will be prescribed gastric lavage and absorption agents. Next, it may be necessary to introduce antidotes - methionine and acetylcysteine. This therapy is carried out only in a hospital setting. Similar drugs If necessary, replace the medicine with its analogues. Among them the most popular: Many paracetamol-based medications that help with flu and cold symptoms are available in the form of hot drinks (Theraflu, Multigrip, Pharmacitron, and others). Such drugs also help to warm up and relieve fever. Examples of drug reviews To have a complete understanding of the drug, you need to read the reviews about it from doctors and their patients: Lyaluk S.A., dentist:“If a tooth hurts, it needs to be treated. Of course, you can take Panadol or its analogues. But such medications will only relieve pain temporarily. Of course, sometimes this is necessary. But you shouldn’t get carried away with them.” Grinchenko V.K., pediatrician:“I admit the possibility of using Panadol. But children should choose special forms (baby syrup, candles). Adult tablets can only be taken from 6 years of age. I recommend to all parents that children should not be given antipyretics or painkillers for more than 3 days in a row. We need to treat the disease, not stop the symptoms.” Christina, 26 years old: “I take Panadol when I need to relieve pain. It helps me with tooth pain, headaches, and painful periods. I don’t have any negative reactions because I try not to exceed the permissible dosage.” Valentina, 51 years old:“My problem is frequent headaches. What have I not tried? Sometimes I even had to take light narcotic drugs. Yes, they help, but they are addictive. Therefore, I decided to switch to regular Panadol. Good remedy. Inexpensive and very effective. But you shouldn’t get carried away with them either, since the paracetamol contained in it harms the liver.” Panadol is a popular drug that is used to relieve pain. various localizations. It is also prescribed for colds and flu symptoms. This medicine does not affect the development of an infectious disease, since it is not able to stop the inflammatory process, therefore it should be used only in complex therapy. Article rating: (No ratings yet) Loading... Share with friends: Related publications Salad balls "Mimosa" with sesame Salad balls ala mimosa recipe Calorie content of cookies - How many calories are in coffee cookies? Red cabbage salad with beans Cabbage salad with beans American pancakes with cottage cheese and milk - fluffy and tasty Diet oat pancakes with milk