Medicine for Trichomonas in women. Trichomoniasis. Causes, symptoms (in men and women), modern diagnosis and effective treatment of the disease. Forecast and preventive measures

Trichomoniasis in women is a fairly common sexually transmitted disease.

The insidiousness of this disease is that it can go almost unnoticed for a long time, and ultimately lead to the development chronic pathology and infertility.

Let's consider what this disease is, the symptoms and principles of its treatment.

Causes of the disease

The disease is caused by Trichomonas vaginalis. These are the simplest single-celled creatures that have the ability to move due to the presence of special flagella.

Important! Trichomonas is not a bacterium, but a simple single-celled creature. This must be taken into account during treatment and not choose antibacterial agents to which this pathogen is not sensitive.

This protozoan lives only in the human genitourinary tract and causes the development of various inflammatory processes.

Today, trichomoniasis is the most common pathology of the genitourinary system. According to WHO, it occurs in 10-12% of the total population of the planet and the number of cases is constantly growing.

How is the disease transmitted?

You can become infected with Trichomonas through unprotected sexual intercourse from a sick partner. In some cases, infection occurs during anal and oral sex.

Household transmission is unlikely, but possible. Trichomonas lives only a few hours in the external environment, provided there is good humidity.

If heated or exposed to direct sun rays, this protozoan dies within a few minutes. Therefore, you can become infected from a patient by using his personal hygiene items (towel, washcloth) immediately after use.

Symptoms and first signs of trichomoniasis in women

From the moment of infection until the first signs of trichomoniasis appear in women, several weeks or months may pass.

Important! In rare cases, symptoms of the disease do not appear at all; in such cases, they speak of carriage of trichomoniasis. This usually occurs in men, but can also happen to women. In these situations, a woman, without knowing it, infects all her sexual partners.

In connection with this fact, patients with unclear symptoms are always worried about the question of how trichomoniasis manifests itself in women. Its symptoms may differ for a particular woman, but most often patients are concerned about:

1. Vaginal discharge. They can be of different colors: from pale yellow to greenish with a characteristic putrefactive odor and foamy structure. In some cases, there may be no discharge.
2. Burning, discomfort and itching in the vagina and perineal area.
3. Frequent urge to urinate, as well as the appearance of pain and pain during it.
4. Unpleasant sensations and pain during sexual intercourse.
5. Swelling of the labia.

Symptoms, photos of discharge from trichomoniasis

The disease can occur in acute and chronic form. In women, chronic trichomoniasis is characterized by a long course with periods of exacerbations and remissions.

The disease worsens under the influence of various external factors: infection, stress, lack of personal hygiene and others.

Diagnosis of trichomoniasis

For diagnosis, the doctor collects anamnesis and examines the woman’s genitals using special mirrors. If trichomoniasis is suspected, they do and carry out.

PCR diagnostics gives an almost 100% reliable result when performed correctly, even if the smear contains only a few molecules of protozoan DNA.

This is especially important in the presence of latent and chronic forms of the disease.

When treating trichomoniasis in women, the following requirements must be met:

• both partners are treated at the same time;
• sexual abstinence for the entire period of treatment or sex only with a condom;
• treat all forms, including carriage of Trichomonas.

The treatment regimen is selected by the doctor individually for women and men.

The following drugs can be used to treat trichomoniasis in women:

• antitrichomonas drugs (Metronidazole, Ornidazole, etc.);
• immunostimulants (interferons, etc.);
• nalidixic acid preparations to prevent genitourinary tract infections;
• local therapy (vaginal suppositories and creams);
• vitamins.

Complications of the disease in women

The danger of this disease lies in unpleasant complications that cannot be corrected medically. So, the consequences of trichomoniasis in women can be as follows:

1. chronic inflammatory diseases of the genitourinary system (vaginitis, cystitis, etc.);
2. adhesions;
3. female infertility.

In pregnant women, this protozoan can cause premature birth, abortion, and the birth of premature babies.

This happens because the altered microflora in the vagina of a pregnant woman destroys the lower membrane of the amniotic sac and leads to premature rupture of amniotic fluid.

Trichomonas itself is not dangerous to the fetus, since it cannot penetrate the placental barrier, but it can become a transporter of other bacteria (chlamydia, gonococci, etc.) that will harm the unborn baby.

Infection of the fetus is possible when passing through the mother's birth canal. The likelihood of infection is higher in a female fetus due to the structural features of the genital organs (short urethra).

Prevention of trichomoniasis in women

Preventive measures include:

• identification and treatment of latent forms of the disease and carriers of Trichomonas;
• barrier methods of contraception (condom) during sexual intercourse with an unreliable partner;
• the use of antiseptics after sexual intercourse;
• maintaining intimate personal hygiene.

Trichomoniasis- This is a treatable disease if its symptoms are noticed in time and therapy is started before the consequences develop. To avoid problems, you need to take care of prevention and undergo routine examinations with a gynecologist.

Trichomoniasis in women is a global problem that can only be solved by increasing the popularity of condoms. This contraceptive is the only way to maintain health and reproductive function.

The frequency of infection with Trichomonas is higher than with the causative agents of gonorrhea and a number of other sexually transmitted diseases. Every year, the disease ranks 1-2 in terms of prevalence among diseases of the genitourinary system.

Symptoms

The disease does not manifest itself in all cases. A sluggish course with a minimum number of coming and going symptoms is more typical for the disease. A woman regards many signs of latent trichomoniasis as changes in the vaginal microflora and discharge before menstruation. This category includes:

• thicker discharge (compared to other days of the cycle);
• increased odor;
• nagging pain in the lower abdomen.

Some patients confuse trichomoniasis with kidney inflammation, Bladder. Signs characteristic of all these diseases:

• increased urge;
• a woman cannot hold back the process of urination for a long time;
• ailments typical of inflammatory processes in the body (short-term high temperature and swelling of the external genitalia are the first signs of trichomoniasis).

Important! After unprotected sexual intercourse with an untested partner, you should not wait for the first signs. It is necessary to undergo diagnostics even in their absence. The first time is examined a few days after sexual intercourse. In the second - in a month. In this way, it will be possible to detect the infection even with a long incubation period.

Other symptoms observed in women after infection:

• discomfort during bowel movements (with Trichomonas proctitis);
• sore throat (if Trichomonas has attacked the oral mucosa);
• problems with urination.

The last point implies many variants of manifestations. In some patients, pathology manifests itself as a change in the quality characteristics of urine. Others complain of burning, tingling, or shooting when emptying the bladder. Signs depend on concomitant diseases, the stage of development of trichomoniasis, and intimate life.

Treatment

Medication

Therapy is based on 5-nitroimidazole derivatives. The substances have an antimicrobial effect and are characterized by quickly manifested bactericidal properties. Effective against all forms of inflammatory and purulent-inflammatory processes. Their use is advisable not only in the case of trichomoniasis, but also in the presence of several types of STDs in the body at once.

Scroll antimicrobials:

• . Release form: tablets. Contraindicated for liver failure. Use this product with caution when diabetes mellitus, microcirculation disorders. The drug is incompatible with alcohol. Consequences of simultaneous use: copious amounts of vomit, severe cramping pain in the abdominal area, hyperemia. It should not be used together with additional sources of lithium. Cost of packaging (6 tablets): 260-350 rubles.
• Metronidazole. A cheap antiprotozoal drug is available in the form of vaginal gel, tablets, vaginal suppositories, injection solution and intravaginal use. Prescribed separately and together with Amoxicillin. In many pharmacies it is sold only by prescription. On the Internet it is possible to purchase the drug without documents. For 10 tablets you will have to pay 7-30 rubles, for 10 candles - 50-60 rubles.
• Secnidazole. Sold only in tablet form. When taken in parallel with drugs containing disulfiram, it provokes the development of psychosis. You can resort to medication in childhood. Price: 200-250 rub.
• Seknidox. Analogue of the previous medication. Cost of 2 tablets: 650-810 rub.
• Tinidazole. It ranks third in frequency of use (immediately after Metronidazole and Ornidazole). Use may lead to anorexia, dysarthria, and locomotor ataxia. Reduces psychomotor reactions. Not suitable for treating girls. Cost: 30-120 rub.
• Ornidazole. White-yellow tablets in film shell are sold on a par with solutions. It differs from analogues in safety: side effects occur less frequently.
• Nimorazole. Complete analogue of Naxojin.

Side effects from taking 5-nitroimidazole derivatives are of the same type. During the use of medications, the following may occur:

• changes in stool;
• metallic taste in the mouth;
• leukopenia (more often occurs in patients who have been diagnosed with hematopoietic pathologies);
• problems with coordination;
• rashes, itching;
• vomit;
• thrombophlebitis (only with intravenous administration).

When using medications, it should be taken into account that the presence of an allergy to 1 medication from the list guarantees an inadequate immune response to all other medications in the group. In addition, in women suffering from diseases of the central nervous system, antimicrobial tablets can cause an attack and deterioration of well-being.

Reception scheme

Key points:

• 3 days before the start of therapy, they resort to hepatoprotectors (Essentiale-forte, Karsil). Take 1 tablet in the morning and evening throughout the course of treatment.
• Instead of hepatoprotectors, you can use Immunal (1 tablet 3 times a day).

Use for acute forms (choose 1 drug, do not use all at once):

• Metronidazole, Nimorazole, Tinidazole, Secnidazole are taken once in a dosage of 2.0 g;
• Ornidazole is taken once (dose: 1.5 g).

Method of use for unclear clinical picture:

• Ornidazole: 0.5 g 2 times a day for 5 days;
• Tenonitrazole: 0.25-0.5 g every 12 hours for 4-7 days;
• Nimorazole: 0.5 g 2 times a day for 6 days.

Method of use for chronic, complicated, often worsening trichomoniasis:

• Secnidazole and Tinidazole are taken three times, 200 mg each (1 day should pass between doses);
• Ornidazole is taken 2 times a day, 500 mg for 10 days;
• Metronidazole is used 3 times a day for 12 days;
• Nimorazole is taken 500 mg every 12 hours for 12 days.

What else is used to treat trichomoniasis?

Pelvic inflammatory diseases are successfully eliminated with new fluoroquinolones. These drugs can replace complex therapy some genital tract infections.

Side effects from their use are limited to conditions and phenomena characteristic of the effects of drugs against trichomoniasis.

Undesirable manifestations from the central nervous system, hematopoietic and digestive systems, psyche, and skin are possible.

Group representatives:

• . Antibacterial drug, effective against chronic trichomoniasis. Release form: tablets and solution for infusion. Dosage: 400 mg/day. Course duration: 1-3 weeks. Contraindications: tendon pathologies, lactose intolerance and congenital deficiency, excess transaminases, persistent liver dysfunction, childhood and adolescence. Toxicity to the fetus was detected. Avelox should not be used during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
• Moxifloxacin stada. The prescription medication is sold in the form of solutions for infusions and tablets. Features: effective in cases where other types of fluoroquinolones could not cope with the problem. Dosage regimen: 400 mg/day for 7 days. Treatment of trichomoniasis in elderly women with this medication should be carried out under the supervision of doctors. Reason: inflammation of the tendons may develop; adjustment of the dosage regimen is required.
• Norfloxacin. These tablets differ from their analogues in their ability to be used in the treatment of teenage girls (from the age of 15). The medication is not prescribed during pregnancy because it causes arthropathy (trophic changes in the joints). Used according to the following regimen: 400-800 mg/day once or in 2 doses. During the treatment period, the amount of fluid consumed should be increased.

Suppositories can also cure untreated trichomoniasis. For long-term infections, it is advisable to combine suppositories with oral medications.

Helps against trichomoniasis:

• Flagyl. Antimicrobial, antibacterial agent with antiprotozoal properties. 1 candle is lit per day. Duration of therapy: 10 days. At the end of the course, you should visit a doctor and get checked for vaginal candidiasis. A suppository can provoke a burning sensation in the genitals not only in a woman, but also in her sexual partner. During treatment, ethanol-containing products should be avoided. If this rule is not followed, ethanol intolerance develops.
• Genferon Light. Vaginal-rectal combination drug based on interferon. Renders positive influence on the immune system. Helps speed up the process of regeneration of damaged tissues. Effective against germs, viruses, bacteria. Approved for use in women carrying a child and schoolchildren. For children, suppositories are placed rectally (1 piece 1-2 times/day for 10 days). Women use the drug vaginally according to the following scheme: 1 suppository every 12 hours for 10 days (for initial stage development of the disease) or 1 suppository every 2 days for 2-3 months (chronic forms, advanced and aggravated cases).

Vaccination

Some doctors prefer to treat trichomoniasis with vaccines. They are used for indolent infections, when there are no pronounced symptoms of the disease. They are also contacted when the disease systematically recurs.

Group representative: Solcotrichovac. It is prescribed for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes for recurrent vaginosis and trichomoniasis. Reduces the chance of reinfection by 80%.

Available in 2 forms: lyophilisate for primary vaccine and lyophilisate for revaccination. The vaccination course includes 3 injections. There should be exactly 14 days between injections.

Special instructions:

• treatment of acute trichomoniasis requires parallel use of etiotropic drugs;
• the medication is administered only after confirmation of the absence of gonorrhea and syphilis;
• the drug is incompatible with methods of treating cancer tumors;
• the prepared suspension is used immediately after dissolving the lyophilisate (takes 30 seconds);
• injections are not given during menstruation;
• route of administration: intramuscular.

Why you can’t self-medicate

Consequences of incorrectly structured therapy:

• Trichomonas become insensitive to antimicrobial medications;
• the likelihood of false negative test results increases;
• the disease becomes chronic, progresses sluggishly, but still poses a threat to health.

The absence of signs of acute inflammation does not mean that the disease has receded and will not return. Against the background of weakened immunity or hormonal imbalance, a dormant infection can become more active. It is for this reason that situations arise when both partners remained faithful to each other, but after a long period of time after treatment for trichomoniasis they became infected with the disease again.

To avoid unpleasant consequences, a woman should make an appointment with a gynecologist or venereologist. The specialist will draw up individual program treatment of trichomoniasis.

Pregnancy and trichomoniasis

Key points:

• the fetus in the womb is protected from infection, but it can occur during natural childbirth;
• detection of the disease is not a reason to terminate pregnancy;
• in newborn girls who have received an infection from their mother, acute vulvovaginitis is observed in the first months of life (up to the formation of erosions and the inability to exercise intimate hygiene child without the risk of skin damage);
• the disease increases the risk of miscarriage, premature birth, violation of the integrity of the membranes of the fetal bladder before the onset of labor.

Every third case of premature rupture of water is explained by the inflammatory process of the mother’s genital organs. For women who have a history of several spontaneous abortions, it is advisable to undergo high-precision tests for trichomoniasis and other sexually transmitted infections.

A comprehensive diagnosis is necessary, since in approximately half of the cases, patients have several diseases of the genitourinary system. It is better to undergo the examination simultaneously in 2-3 clinics that are not associated with each other.

If a pathology is detected, the pregnancy specialist and sexual partner should be notified. The first will determine whether it is worth starting taking medications against trichomoniasis (usually abstain from therapy in the first trimester). The second is obliged to make an appointment with a urologist-venereologist and undergo a course of treatment even if the diagnosis did not reveal the presence of Trichomonas in the body.

Important! For some time, the married couple will have to give up intimacy. The duration of abstinence directly depends on the results of control tests for trichomoniasis, which are taken immediately after the end of treatment.

Starting from the 12th week of pregnancy, Metronidazole can be taken. A woman is prescribed 2 g of the drug (tablets) or suppositories (local drugs are practically ineffective and are not suitable for monotherapy). The medication is taken orally once, at night. Candles are placed for 5-7 days, sometimes 10.

The consequences of using the drug in the 2nd and 3rd trimester have not been sufficiently studied. Tests were carried out only on animals. However, most doctors, based on available clinical data, define Metronidazole as the best remedy against trichomoniasis for women preparing to join the family. Others call Ornidazole a first-line drug. The dosage of this drug is determined based on the woman’s body weight: for each kg there should be 25 mg of the drug.

Attention! Refusal drug therapy In addition to direct health consequences, it also entails childbirth in a special department. People call it "dirty".

After delivery, the child is examined for the presence of Trichomonas. They can be found not only in the tissues of the genital organs, but also in other parts of the body. Quite often the disease attacks the oral cavity and eyes.

After giving birth, the mother herself is obliged to ask for a control test for the disease. Reason: received many times negative results during pregnancy are not so indicative. At the same time, the birth of a child can provoke the activation of chronic infections that were temporarily dormant.

Regimen during therapy

In order for the signs of trichomoniasis not just to fade away, but to disappear forever, you should adhere to certain rules. First of all, the recommendations are suitable for women who take 5-nitroimidazole derivatives.

Note! Spouses have different timing for testing at the end of treatment. Earlier, materials for research are taken from women (approximately 7-10 days). You should not engage in sexual relations until the results of your husband’s therapy are announced.

Trichomoniasis is difficult to determine on your own. Only a systematic visit to the gynecologist preserves the opportunity for a woman to detect the disease in a timely manner. When an infection is detected, it is worth taking note of recommendations on daily routine and behavior. Following the advice will help prevent the pathology from becoming chronic.

– a disease that occupies a leading position among many STDs. According to statistical calculations, women suffer from this disease many times more often than gonorrhea or syphilis.

The source of infection is protozoa. The inflammatory process begins on the vaginal mucosa. This disease is the cause of many diseases of the genitourinary system.

Treatment of trichomoniasis in women should be carried out by a qualified specialist. Since immunity to this disease is not developed, infection can occur at any time.

If you leave this problem without any attention and do not carry out the necessary course of treatment, then complications and chronic diseases cannot be avoided.

Trichomonas vaginalis is mobile, due to this it can penetrate the urethra, causing inflammation. Microorganisms die when exposed to direct sunlight, heating and drying. In the absence of a favorable environment, they can remain viable for several hours.

Infection most often occurs through sexual contact; to obtain infection in another way, you must regularly neglect all the rules of personal hygiene.

It can take quite a long time from the moment you receive the infection until the first signs appear, up to 1-2 months. Most often they begin to appear already on the 10th day.

Sometimes, any changes and discomfort do not torment a woman at all. She is only a carrier of the disease and can infect sexual partners.

However, women are quite rare carriers.

Sometimes people find out about such an illness only after a planned medical examination. And while the woman did not know about it, she could infect other people.

This once again proves the importance regular examinations with a gynecologist, especially with an active sexual life.

When the disease begins to develop, the following symptoms are observed:

• Yellow or green discharge, which also has an unpleasant odor. Foam forms, this is what you should pay attention to, because this symptom will be a characteristic difference;
• Feeling of itching and discomfort on the external genitalia;
• Pain and cutting sensations when urinating;
• Frequent urination;
• Redness of the vestibule of the vagina, sometimes swelling appears;
• Sexual intercourse is painful;
• Mild pain in the lower abdomen.

How to treat trichomoniasis in women and what the duration of therapy will be determined only by the attending physician, There is no point in trying to solve the problem on your own. This is fraught with terrifying consequences and a protracted course of the disease.

Diagnosis of trichomoniasis

Before starting treatment, it is necessary to carry out diagnosis of the disease. The gynecologist uses the following methods to conduct the study:

1. Questioning the patient to find out about the presence of previous diseases of the genitourinary system, about possible diseases sexual partner;
2. Initial examination of the external genitalia to determine the presence of redness or swelling;
3. Examination using a special gynecological mirror to carefully examine the condition of the vaginal walls and cervix;
4. Bimanual examination of the appendages and uterus.

Indications for testing:

• acute inflammation and chronic infections genitourinary system;
• spontaneous miscarriage and infertility;
• pathological course of pregnancy;
• partner has an STD.

If the presence of the disease is suspected, the following tests are prescribed:

• general blood and urine analysis;
• smear test;
• PCR research;
• determination of sensitivity to medications.

Diagnostics and further treatment trichomonas in women, includes an assessment of signs of the disease at the time of testing.

How to cure the disease

It doesn't matter if there are characteristic symptoms, treatment is prescribed to each patient with this diagnosis based on the results of tests and examination by a doctor.

Medicines are prescribed only after full examination and making an accurate diagnosis. Otherwise, due to such ineffective treatment, antibiotics may not work in further treatment.

The acute form of the disease is more effectively treatable than the chronic form of the disease.

When trichomoniasis affects the organs of the reproductive and urinary systems, complete sanitation of the vagina, urethra, and cervix is ​​carried out.

Most an effective drug for the treatment of this disease is Metronidazole. The substance is capable of destroying simple microorganisms.

Treatment regimen for trichomoniasis in women in several types with the drug Metronidazole:

If the drug is intolerant, the patient is prescribed tinidazole And ornidazole.

• Tinidazole is prescribed for 7 days, 1 tablet 2 times a day.
• Ornidazole is used once at a time, in an amount of 2 g.

Sometimes there is a need to prescribe alternative medications, such as:

• Application nitazole carried out in the form of tablets, vaginal suppositories and a special spray. The course of treatment lasts up to 2 weeks. Take 100 mg orally in tablet form. substances, 3 times a day. 2 times a day it is necessary to insert suppositories into the vagina, and also treat with a spray substance. After introducing the drug into the vagina, it is advisable to remain in a lying position for 20-30 minutes. Main feature This medication is that such therapy is repeated 2-3 months after the end of menstruation;
• Intravaginal administration 250 mg. osarsola 2 times a day;
• Reception furazolidone required in the amount of 2 tablets, 4 times a day, the general course is 3 days.

Therapy during pregnancy

During pregnancy, a woman's body undergoes multiple changes, including a decrease in immune functions, which in turn provokes the development of unwanted microorganisms. A woman may become infected for the first time or be a carrier of the disease.

Microorganisms do not have a detrimental effect on the fetus, however, any inflammation of the genital organs leads to the possibility of termination of pregnancy, getting an infection in the womb.

The development of microorganisms creates an aggressive environment that is unacceptable for bearing a fetus. Due to this, the destruction of the membranes occurs, which in some cases led to development of pathologies or fetal death.

Treatment with metronidazole can be carried out only from the 2nd trimester of pregnancy.

Treatment regimen for a pregnant woman:

1. Introduction of vaginal suppositories with metronidazole, 1 time per day, preferably before bedtime, general course – 7 days;
2. Ornidazole in the amount of 1.5 mg, once.

IMPORTANT! Beyond the 1st trimester of pregnancy, there is a danger of prescribing these drugs several weeks before giving birth.

During pregnancy, only the attending physician can decide how to treat trichomoniasis in women. Because in each individual case, therapeutic measures will differ.

Quick Treatments

If there is a need to quickly get rid of the infection, metronidazole is prescribed in the form of injections or droppers, 500 mg, 3 times a day, for 7 days.

In the chronic form of the disease, there is a need for immunotherapy. The administration of a vaccine such as Solcotrichovac is prescribed. This therapy helps improve antibacterial processes. When carrying out the full course, the disease does not occur within 1 year.

You can quickly cure trichomoniasis using methods traditional medicine in combination with drug therapy.

Traditional methods of treatment

Leaves of bird cherry, calendula, celandine in equal proportions, 20g each, brew with 1 cup of boiling water.

Let the herbs steep for 20 minutes, after which the cooled solution can be used to douche the vagina or urethra.

In case of infection from pets, it is necessary to prepare calendula tincture:

Take 60 grams of calendula flowers, add alcohol and let it brew in a dark, cool place for a week. Take a small amount of this product orally 30 minutes before meals.

Preventive measures

By following the rules of prevention, sexually transmitted diseases can be easily avoided.

• Use barrier methods of contraception during casual sexual contact;
• Have regular sex life with only one partner. Have a joint examination every six months;
• Comply with all necessary standards of genital hygiene;
• If you notice the first signs of the disease, immediately contact a specialist.

Conclusion

There are many effective ways how to treat Trichomonas in women. Still, it is better to prevent the formation of infection than to treat the consequences.

Every woman is obliged to closely monitor the condition of her genitourinary system.

However, some people may go years without treatment for STDs, or may not know about them at all. In this case, there is a risk of developing infertility, as well as malignant tumors.

In contact with

Trichomoniasis how the disease develops after infection with vaginal Trichomonas, Trichomonas vaginalis, and the inflammation they cause. Microorganisms belong to single-celled protozoa, are capable of independently actively moving with the help of flagella and fixating on the epithelium of the vagina or urethra. Next, Trichomonas begin to multiply and secrete metabolic products that destroy cells and cause the formation of erosions and then ulcers. Destruction of integumentary tissue leads to an increased risk of infection by viruses during unprotected sexual intercourse.

Trichomonas vaginalis at the onset of the disease give a picture inflammation of the vagina (in women)and urethritis in men.

The main route of transmission of trichomoniasis is sexual, the contact-household route is somehow not considered, although there is a point of view that infection is possible through just used bath accessories, on which fresh discharge of a patient with trichomoniasis could remain.

Oral and anal infection is extremely rare, but possible in principle. Trichomonas remain motile outside the human body for two hours if the ambient temperature is no more than 40 degrees. Incubation period, which is defined as the period of time between infection and the appearance of the first signs of the disease, with trichomoniasis lasts from 4 days to 4 weeks, on average from a week to one and a half, however, as with any infection, it can extend to 1 - 1.5 months or shorten to 2-3 days.

In men pathogens are found in the urethra, prostate gland and seminal vesicles, from secretions - in semen and prostate secretions. In infected women– in the vagina and Bartholin glands, cervical canal, urethra. Neisseria and chlamydia are often found inside Trichomonas, and in these cases they accompany trichomoniasis, complicating the diagnosis and treatment of the disease. Therefore, some microbiologists believe that the threat is not so much the Trichomonas themselves, but rather the pathogenic microbes that Trichomonas vaginalis transports.

Features of the causative agent of trichomoniasis

All these transformations make it difficult to diagnose trichomoniasis, patients do not receive the necessary treatment and very often the disease becomes chronic or a carrier of the infection. Mostly, men become carriers (and distributors) of Trichomonas, because clinical manifestations trichomoniasis is almost invisible in them.

Another unpleasant feature of Trichomonas is the ability to adapt to medicinal drugs, in particular to antibiotics. Too often, patients with trichomoniasis do not attach importance to the micro-symptoms associated with the introduction and reproduction of pathogens and self-medicate. The result is either a chronic version of the disease with periodic exacerbations due to stress provocations, which include alcohol, smoking, hypothermia and any infectious diseases, including common colds. In women, vaginal dysbiosis and hormonal changes contribute to exacerbation. During menstruation, Trichomonas reproduce especially actively, as with the onset of pregnancy, since the pH of the vaginal environment shifts slightly to the alkaline side and becomes very comfortable for the microorganism.

Trichomonas are sensitive to high temperatures(at a temperature of +43°C it lives for a day, and at a temperature of +55°C it dies in half a minute), drying and ultraviolet radiation, so after washing it is enough to dry the patient’s things in the sun and Trichomonas will die. And here low temperatures(slightly above zero) the microbe tolerates it remarkably well and can retain its properties for almost 5 days.

Periods and main symptoms of the disease

Taking into account the time periods of manifestations of the disease and their severity, trichomoniasis is divided into three clinical forms:

The acute phase is characterized by severe symptoms or (inflammation of the vagina), a rise in temperature and changes in the blood that are inherent in a violent inflammatory process (leukocytosis, increased ESR).

Chronic trichomoniasis develops if the disease lasts more than two months. Symptoms of inflammation of the organs of the urogenital system are erased, and concomitant sexually transmitted infections are often detected.

Without treatment, the chronic form can worsen or become hidden - carrier status Trichomonas. When carriers are present, there are no manifestations of infection, but trichomonas are always found in scrapings and discharge from the urethra or vagina.

Clinical symptoms of trichomoniasis and their severity depend on a combination of several factors:

• Vaginal acidity (pH), which is associated with the activity of normal microflora, is in the range of 4.0-4.7 in a healthy woman. Deviations from the norm occur after taking antibiotics, hormonal changes (menstruation, menopause, pregnancy, oral contraceptives); when using spermicidal vaginal preparations, as well as after nervous overstrain or with rapid changes in climate zones.
  Acidity changes, indicators shift to neutral or slightly alkaline, the protective abilities of the mucous membrane decrease. With trichomonas colpitis, the pH is in the range of 5.5-6.0. These indicators still correspond to an acidic environment, however, such a pH already promotes the proliferation of not only Trichomonas, but also other opportunistic and pathogenic microorganisms.
• Condition of the cells of the urethral or vaginal mucosa. Normally, the mucous membrane of the male urethra is covered predominantly by transitional epithelium, while the female urethra, like the vagina and cervix, is lined with non-keratinizing stratified squamous epithelium (MSE). When Trichomonas, carrying other pathogenic agents in its body, penetrates the cervix, dysplastic changes can occur in the MPE, during which cells lose the ability to differentiate, while the properties of the epithelium change and at the same time its protective function is disrupted.
• Associated microflora: chlamydia and gonorrhea pathogens can be found inside Trichomonas. Accordingly, the manifestations of the disease change; the symptoms of trichomoniasis are joined by manifestations of chlamydia and gonorrhea.

The main symptoms of trichomoniasis are discharge from the urethra or vagina, the entry point of infection. Among women, this symptom is observed in approximately 8 out of 10, and in men – in half of cases of trichomoniasis.

Trichomoniasis in women

In women during the initial period of the disease, vaginal trichomoniasis. For the acute form of the disease characteristically abundant, having an unpleasant “fishy” odor and a yellowish-greenish color, which can change to gray-green streaked with blood. A gynecological examination reveals swelling and redness of the labia minora and majora, hyperemia and ulceration of the vaginal walls.

Trichomoniasis discharge has a characteristic color scheme

A common symptom of trichomoniasis is pain in the vaginal area during sexual intercourse., with urethritis, a local sensation is felt. There may be slight bleeding from the vagina and spread to the skin of the inner thighs. The accompanying symptoms of intoxication can be mistaken for fatigue: weakness, minor headaches and muscle pain, loss of strength, temperature 37.0-37.2.

The uterus, tubes and ovaries are affected by trichomoniasis less frequently than the urethra, vagina and cervix. However, Trichomonas, actively moving, can become a “transport” for gonococci and chlamydia. When released, these pathogens cause symptoms and inflammation of the ovaries -. The area of ​​distribution of trichomonas above the cervix expands after abortion, childbirth and during menstruation, which leads to ascending inflammation with the formation of adhesions in fallopian tubes and ovaries. The outcome may be infertility.

During pregnancy Trichomoniasis is detected more often than in non-pregnant women, which is associated with loosening of the vaginal epithelium for hormonal reasons. Infection of a child is possible during childbirth, when passing through the birth canal. During pregnancy, trichomoniasis can lead to spontaneous abortion, inflammation of the membranes, premature rupture of amniotic fluid and “dry labor”. This option is undesirable for mother and child, because the whole amniotic sac helps dilate the cervix and facilitates the final stage of labor. Also, pregnant women with trichomoniasis often experience inflammation of the glands of the vaginal vestibule - and proliferation of genital warts-condylomas, if trichomoniasis is accompanied by papillomavirus infection and they aggravate the negative impact of each other on the epithelium.

Only in 10% of all identified cases the cause of the disease was mono-infection Trichomonas vaginalis. The normal distribution of vaginal microflora is also disrupted: during illness, the proportion of yeast fungi (), strepto- and staphylococci increases, and the number of lactic acid bacteria decreases.

The reasons for increased symptoms of trichomoniasis in women may be vulnerable the immune system, accompanying inflammation, poor diet and hypovitaminosis. With trichomoniasis, all problems with genitourinary organs, the disease is reflected in the condition of the skin: a pustular rash is possible on the face in the area around the lips.

Trichomoniasis in men

The differences between trichomoniasis in men are scant symptoms and a latent course; carriage is often observed. The first signs are associated with urethritis: burning and pain when urinating, possibly streaks of blood in the semen. Next, the infection from the urethra spreads to the prostate gland and its inflammation begins (), then to the seminal vesicles (). Trichomonas secrete substances that deprive sperm of motility, and with vesiculitis, the production of male germ cells is disrupted. Subsequently, everything can end in infertility.

An infected person may not suspect that he is the source of the infection and transmit Trichomonas to sexual partners or family members. Therefore, if a man has even the slightest signs of a urogenital infection, he needs to contact a urologist and get tested not only for trichomoniasis, but also for other STIs.

Signs of Trichomonas (and anyone else) prostatitis:

1. Pain in the perineum, pubic area, groin and anus;
2. Dull pain in the lower back, radiating to the inner thigh;
3. Unpleasant sensations during defecation and urination;
4. Discharge of mucus or pus from the urethra when the abdominal muscles are tense;
5. Erection problems (occurring after inflammation of the nerves that pass through the prostate);
6. Constant low-grade fever (37-37.2°);
7. Persistent bad mood.

Note on mood: characteristic feature at chronic prostatitis – changes in the psyche like depressive neurosis. The man is always dissatisfied with everything, is very irritable, is concerned only with his own well-being and is absolutely devoid of the ability to think critically. In addition, due to illness, he eats less; Blood glucose drops, which is expressed by aggressive behavior. It is believed that for successful treatment of prostatitis, the doctor must be not only a good urologist, but also an excellent psychologist.

The risk of developing prostatitis with “dormant” trichomoniasis increases if factors that provoke inflammation of the prostate. These may include hypothermia, regular constipation, sedentary work and a lifestyle with limited movement. Prolonged sexual abstinence or excessive sexual activity, stress at work and at home, poor nutrition and fitful sleep, previous sexually transmitted diseases - all this can contribute to the occurrence of prostatitis. Mechanism associated with ascending infection with Trichomonas from the urethra, impaired blood supply to the pelvic organs (venous stagnation) and the proliferation of pathogens.

Complications of trichomoniasis

Trichomonas vaginalis can carry bacteria without rendering them pathogenic. In these cases, when another person is infected, not only trichomoniasis is transmitted to him, but also other sexually transmitted diseases, more often gonorrhea (more than 30% of cases of co-infection).

Diagnosis of trichomoniasis based on a traditional algorithm - survey, examination, analysis data. During survey listen to the patient’s main complaints, find out the connection between the appearance of symptoms and sex life, and try to determine the source of infection. In women, they find out the presence of chronic inflammation of the external and internal genital organs, whether there have been cases of miscarriage, abortion, complications during pregnancy and childbirth. They also ask if she has noticed signs of urethritis in her sexual partner. Men are asked about signs of urethritis and prostatitis, and erection problems.

Then proceed to inspection, assess the condition of the genital organs - whether there is hyperemia and swelling, erosion or areas of ulceration, hemorrhage and abscesses. They find out the location and nature of the discharge, take it, in women - from the cervical canal, vagina and urethra, in men - from the urethral opening. If necessary, a bacteriological analysis (tank culture) is prescribed.

Analyzes if trichomoniasis is suspected, the same as those done for any urogenital infection. A general clinical blood test may show signs of inflammation (leukocytosis, increased ESR) and anemia (with this disease, more late stages sometimes there is a decrease in hemoglobin due to the loss of iron from red blood cells, which Trichomonas “love” so much).

A urine test may show higher white blood cell and red blood cell counts permissible level. The presence of casts in the urine indicates involvement in pathological process bladder and kidneys, which is quite rare. Prostate secretion and sperm - leukocytes, traces of blood, sedentary sperm.

In a fresh smear from the urethra or cervix, motile trichomonads are visible, in a stained fixed preparation - unicellular pear-shaped (less often round) organisms with or without flagella, but with a characteristic almond-shaped pink nucleus with pointed edges. In a fixed specimen at high magnification it is difficult to confuse them with anything, although at low magnification the artifacts (flakes of squamous epithelium with collapsing nuclei) are very, very reminiscent of Trichomonas. The main difference between artifacts and Trichomonas is the rounded nuclei.

– culture on a nutrient medium, isolation of trichomonas and re-culture to determine sensitivity to antibiotics. It takes time from 7 to 10 – 14 days, but in the future it facilitates treatment and increases its effectiveness. Tank culture is indicated for chronic forms of trichomoniasis and suspected carrier status.

: about 100% accuracy (96.5%), if the answer is positive, no other confirmation of the diagnosis of trichomoniasis is required. To exclude concomitant sexually transmitted infections, a PCR test is performed for gonorrhea, chlamydia, as well as separate tests for HIV, HPV, hepatitis B and C.

Video: doctor about trichomoniasis and its diagnosis

Treatment

Treatment of trichomoniasis is carried out based on the detection of the pathogen, even if there are no symptoms of the disease. Needs treatment all at the same time sexual partners, sex life and alcohol are strictly prohibited until complete recovery.

For treatment acute uncomplicated forms of the disease, antibiotics with antiprotozoal (against protozoa) action are used. The main drug is metronidazole (Trichopol), either a single dose of 2 g orally, or a course of 5-8 days of 400 mg x 2 per day. Take during or after meals, do not chew the tablets. Women are additionally prescribed suppositories or vaginal tablets with Trichopolum. The course of treatment is repeated after 3-4 weeks if the control PCR test was positive for Trichomonas.

Treatment regimen for children: course of metronidazole 10 days, daily dose divided into two doses. For children from 2 to 5 years 250 mg per day, up to 10 years 375 mg/day, over 10 – 500 mg/day. During pregnancy metronidazole is prescribed once 2 g, but only starting from the second trimester.

At chronic relapsing trichomoniasis use metronidazole 500 mg x 2 for 7 days, combined with the administration of the drug "Solkotrikhovak"(vaccine against trichomoniasis) 0.5 ml IM. Only 3 injections, the interval between them is 3 weeks; a year later, another 0.5 ml is administered intramuscularly once. Swelling and hyperemia are possible at the injection site; they go away on their own within a few days. The vaccine normalizes the pH of the vagina and urethra, helps restore normal microflora and displace Trichomonas vaginalis along with concomitant infections. Protective effect of the vaccine - prevention reinfection, therapeutic – reduction of inflammatory manifestations in the vagina and urethra.

Topical medications help treat local infection and inflammation. Advantages – reduction of the toxic effects of pharmaceuticals. drugs on the body as a whole, reducing the risk of allergies and virtually zero load on the liver and kidneys. Women are prescribed vaginal balls or metronidazole tablets, 0.5 g x 1 per day, for a course of 6 days. Before insertion into the vagina, vaginal tablets should be dipped in a glass of water for 15-20 seconds so that the protective coating begins to dissolve. After administering the tablet, you need to lie down for at least half an hour. Vaginal medications are best used at night, before bed.

For instillations Protargol, 1-3% solution, is used in the urethra. It is also effective if trichomoniasis accompanies gonorrhea. The drug is good as an antiseptic, as an astringent and anti-inflammatory medicine. Sterile catheters are required for instillation and procedures are performed on an outpatient basis.

A week after the end of the full course of treatment, and then twice more with a pause a month, they are prescribed control tests(PCR). Women are examined 3 cycles in a row, after menstruation. If PCR was negative for 1-2 months in men and 3-4 months. in women, the patients are considered cured.

Folk recipes

Folk remedies cannot cure trichomoniasis, but herbal infusions for douching, herbal teas as mild antidepressants and immunomodulators, and nutritional mixtures to replenish vitamin and mineral deficiencies are quite acceptable.

St. John's wort tea

A tablespoon of dried flowers and herbs is poured into 1 liter of boiling water and left for 1 hour. Take a glass three times a day. An excellent remedy for depression, which develops during a long-term illness, such as chronic prostatitis.

Aloe juice (not to be confused with agave)

Take before meals, three times a day. As an immunomodulator, it mobilizes the body's defense systems, has an anti-inflammatory effect, and accelerates the healing of ulcers and erosions.

Infusion for vaginal douching, for baths (for men)

1 tablespoon each of oak bark, chamomile flowers, 2 each of nettle and calendula flowers. The mixture is poured into 1 liter of boiling water and left for 2 hours. Apply once a day, for a course of 5-7 procedures. The action of the components is antiseptic, tanning, anti-inflammatory and analgesic.

Nutrient mixture

Dried fruits – prunes, dried apricots, figs; walnuts and whole lemons are taken in equal proportions and passed through a meat grinder. The mass is mixed with honey to obtain the consistency of a thick puree. Take 1 tablespoon in the morning. The mixture tones and gives energy.

Video: trichomoniasis in the program “Live Healthy!”

Trichomonas is the simplest unicellular microorganism from the class of flagellates, which is widespread. Trichomonas causes a disease called trichomoniasis in women and men. Its main symptoms are similar to those of genitourinary infections such as cystitis, colpitis, urethritis, proctitis, etc. In general, three types of trichomonas can exist in the human body: oral, intestinal and vaginal. The last of the listed species is the largest, active and pathogenic. Oral and intestinal Trichomonas do not pose a threat to human health.

Trichomonas have flagella, which are their means of movement. It is thanks to flagella that microorganisms have the ability to actively move. Trichomonas are not sexual and reproduce by longitudinal division. They are able to exist not only in the human body, but also outside it. Although the structure of Trichomonas is very simple, in general, this single-celled organism is a separate microorganism.

The size of Trichomonas varies in length from 13 to 18 microns. The small size and high plasticity of the body allows Trichomonas to penetrate even into the intercellular space.

Trichomonas are anaerobic organisms that do not require oxygen. An oxygen-free, humid environment with a temperature of 35-37 °C is considered optimal for these microorganisms. They attach to the mucous membrane of the genitourinary tract and provoke the development of the inflammatory process. A person suffers from general intoxication, the patient’s immunity deteriorates.

Trichomonas can exist not only in the human genitals, but also in blood vessels. They penetrate there through the lymphatic tract. Trichomonas are perfectly adapted to life inside the human body. They are able to disguise themselves as platelets and lymphocytes and can carry other microbes on themselves, thereby preventing the immune system from destroying their own cells.

Another danger of Trichomonas is their ability to “hide” other pathogenic microorganisms inside themselves, including: gonococci, herpes virus, ureaplasma, etc. With the help of active and mobile Trichomonas, other bacteria have the opportunity to penetrate into blood vessels and spread faster through the genitourinary system. In addition, Trichomonas violate the integrity of the epithelial covers, thereby accelerating the process of infection with other sexually transmitted infections, including.

Although modern venereology has effective medicines to combat Trichomonas, the disease is widespread. Trichomoniasis is in first place among all diagnosed diseases of the genitourinary system, and also holds a leading position among all sexually transmitted infections. WHO indicates that about 10% of the world's population are carriers of Trichomonas. Every year alone, the official increase in infected people is 170 million people.

The disease mainly affects women aged 16 to 35 years. It is possible to transmit the infection to the child during childbirth; this occurs in 5% of cases. However, children tolerate the infection more easily, and in some cases self-healing is possible.

In men, the urethra, testicles, prostate and seminal vesicles are primarily affected. In women, the most vulnerable organs are the vagina, urethra, and cervical canal (its vaginal part).

One of the leading dangers of Trichomonas in women and men is the development and various pathologies pregnancy.

Microorganisms die under the following conditions: drying, heating above 45 °C, exposure to direct ultraviolet rays. Therefore, it is not possible to detect them, for example, in public baths, in open bodies of water or in crowded places.

Symptoms of Trichomonas

The symptoms of trichomonas will differ between men and women, however, incubation period for all infected people it can range from 2 days to 2 months. If the disease occurs in a latent form, the first signs of trichomoniasis may appear even after several months. This will happen when it fails. Long-term latent trichomonas carriage is possible, but acute, subacute and chronic course infections.

In women, the disease often manifests itself more clearly than in men. Therefore, the first symptoms of Trichomonas in women can occur as early as 4 days after infection. The microorganism can infect the cervix, vagina and urethra

The symptoms will be the following:

Copious vaginal discharge. They foam, have an unpleasant odor, and have a yellow or green tint.

If gardnerellosis is associated with trichomoniasis, the smell of the discharge becomes sharper and resembles a fishy smell.

During sexual intercourse, a woman may experience pain.

During the process of emptying the bladder, pain and a burning sensation occur. A woman experiences a frequent urge to urinate. Cramps and pain indicate the development of urethritis.

The vulva becomes swollen and hyperemic. In 100% of cases, burning and itching is observed in the vaginal area.

Painful sensations lower abdomen is not typical for trichomoniasis, although such complaints are sometimes received from patients.

The skin of the perineum may be covered with small ulcers and abrasions. This occurs due to the irritating effect of leucorrhoea on the dermis. The development of dermatitis on the inner thighs is possible.

During a gynecological examination on the speculum, the doctor visualizes reddened and swollen vaginal mucosa. It is all covered with abundant foam, the cervix is ​​soft, and with slight contact with the speculum, blood may bleed. If you look closer at the mucous membrane of the cervix, you can find multiple small capillary hemorrhages (petechiae) on it.

Before the next menstruation, the symptoms of trichomonas in women intensify. If a girl becomes infected and is infected through the household from a sick mother, then in childhood trichomoniasis occurs as vulvovaginitis with periodic exacerbations. During the acute stage, the symptoms of trichomoniasis in girls are similar to the symptoms of trichomoniasis in adult women.

Concerning chronic form disease, it occurs in the absence of adequate treatment. This happens two months after infection. Trichomonas carriage is also possible. The chronic disease does not show itself for years; if symptoms of infection appear, they are very scanty. Approximately 4% of patients complain of recurrent symptoms of dysuria, and 5% of patients experience certain sexual disorders. However, it is the erased forms of the disease that are especially dangerous not only because of their complications, but also are of great importance in terms of the spread of infection.

Symptoms of trichomonas in men can be identified as follows:

The occurrence of a burning sensation and pain during urination.

Slight pain may occur when emptying the bladder.

The urge to urinate becomes more frequent, especially noticeable in the morning. Sometimes these urges are false.

In some cases, scant discharge from the urethra is observed. The discharge is mucus in nature.

Immediately after sexual intercourse, severe itching and burning may occur.

Rare symptoms include inflammation of the middle suture and the appearance of erosions on the mucous membrane of the glans penis.

Another rare symptom of trichomonas in men is the discharge of blood from the urethra.

Severe symptoms of trichomonas that would cause a man to urgently apply for medical care, are observed extremely rarely. As the disease progresses, the urethra narrows and urination becomes increasingly impaired. Possible damage to the bladder and kidneys. In 40% of cases, prostatitis is observed; involvement in inflammatory process prostate gland, epididymis. It is men who most often turn out to be hidden carriers of Trichomonas.

Trichomonas are transmitted sexually. This includes any type of contact: anal, oral-vaginal sexual intercourse, etc. Transmission of the microorganism through household means is possible, but this is extremely rare. The fact is that Trichomonas can remain active for several hours, being, for example, in lumps of mucus or pus on washcloths, sponges, and towels. Little girls are infected in this way, but this also occurs very rarely.

Causes of Trichomonas infection in women

It should be understood that a necessary condition For the development of the disease, the acidity of the environment is in the range from 5.5 to 6.6. This pH level in a woman’s vaginal fluid is observed during and after menstruation.

In addition, a decrease in natural immune forces can be observed due to the following reasons:

Performing abortions, childbirth.

Alcohol abuse, smoking.

Frequent sexual intercourse with different partners without using a condom.

General diseases And chronic diseases, which affect the state of the immune forces.

Failure to comply with personal hygiene rules.

It has been established that, as a monoinfection, trichomoniasis is diagnosed in only 10.5% of cases. In all other situations, patients are identified with concomitant hidden infections(, etc.).

Causes of trichomonas in men

In both women and men, the main method of transmission of infection is sexual contact. At the same time, the susceptibility of the male sex to the pathogenic microorganism is very high, but the symptoms of the disease are very scarce.

Diagnosis of Trichomonas begins with examination of the patient. However, it is impossible to make a diagnosis solely on the clinical signs of the disease for the following reasons:

Symptoms of trichomoniasis can be symptoms of other urogenital diseases, both in women and men.

Pinpoint hemorrhages on the mucous membrane of the cervix are a symptom pathognomonic of trichomoniasis in women. However, it can be detected only in 2% of patients.

Foamy discharge is also not always observed, but only in 12% of women.

However, the patient's complaints and Clinical signs trichomoniasis allows one to suspect the presence of infection.

The basis for diagnosing the disease is laboratory methods, among which:

Microscopic examination of a smear from the urethra and vagina in women and a smear from the urethra in men. The examination of smears must be carried out no later than 30 minutes from the moment of their collection. The reliability of the method ranges from 40 to 60%.

Immunological method.

Microbiological method or tank culture for Trichomonas.

PCR diagnostics. The advantage of this method is that it allows you to diagnose the disease in 100% of cases. Any biological fluid of the patient can be suitable for the study: blood, saliva, scraping from the urethra or vagina. In addition, you can get the result the very next day.

It should be noted that the disease is more difficult to identify in men than in women, which is associated not only with scanty symptoms. Often with Trichomonas carriage, microorganisms are in an atypical amoeboid form.

Treatment of trichomonas is most often a process that does not take too long.

However, it requires compliance with certain conditions on the part of both the patient and the patient, among them:

Regardless of whether the second sexual partner has symptoms of the disease, he must undergo full treatment.

Intimate life in any of its manifestations should be absolutely prohibited. Sexual activity should be absent until both partners receive negative tests for trichomoniasis. This is the only way to guarantee reinfection.

Taking specific antiprotozoal drugs is a prerequisite to guarantee complete recovery.

If there are other genitourinary infections, they should also be treated.

During therapy, alcohol consumption is prohibited, and a gentle diet is indicated, avoiding spicy foods.

Self-medication of trichomoniasis is unacceptable; all medications are prescribed only by a doctor, based on laboratory diagnostics.

Treatment of trichomonas is carried out by taking the following drugs:

Metronidazole and Metronidazole derivatives: Flagyl, Trichopolum, Tinidazole, etc.

Systemic therapy must be supplemented with local treatment. Only in this case can the desired effect be achieved. Therefore, patients are prescribed vaginal suppositories(Klion-D, Betadine, Terzhinan) and gels, for example, Metrogyl vaginal gel. Men are shown local treatment Rosamet or Rozeks creams.

If it is not possible to take drugs orally, then Osartsid suppositories are prescribed, which have a detrimental effect on the enzyme system of pathogenic organisms. At the same time, streptocide is used, which relieves inflammation.

There are several treatment regimens for Trichomonas, including:

A seven- or ten-day course of taking Trichopolum, 1 tablet of 0.5 g 2 times a day.

A single dose of four Tinidazole tablets at a dosage of 0.5 g.

A seven-day course of taking Fazizhin 150 mg 2 times a day.

The chronic form of trichomonas is treated in almost the same way as acute form. However, with a prolonged course of infection, the human immune system suffers, so standard regimens can be supplemented by taking immunostimulants, adaptogens and vitamin complexes.

During treatment, certain rules of personal hygiene should be observed. Firstly, you need to wash yourself using antiseptic preparations (potassium permanganate solution or Furacilin). Secondly, underwear must be replaced daily. Thirdly, you are allowed to use only individual washcloths, sponges and towels. This will prevent infection of family members, and in particular children.

After completing the full course of treatment for Trichomonas, three samples of tests are required, which is carried out once a month. Only in this way will it be possible to ensure that Trichomonas have been completely eliminated from the body.

It is important to remember that drugs that have a detrimental effect on Trichomonas are incompatible with alcohol, since they all provoke the development of Antabuse-like syndrome. Therefore, to avoid serious poisoning, it is necessary to avoid drinking any alcohol-containing drinks. An exception to this rule is the drug Ornidazole.

Trichomonas are treated by gynecologists, urologists and venereologists. After undergoing treatment, the human body is not able to develop stable immunity, so re-infection is quite possible.

As for pregnant women, the possibility of therapy is determined by the supervising physician. Treatment can be carried out no earlier than the 2nd trimester.

Sometimes trichomonas are resistant to drugs from the 5-nitroimidazoles group. As a rule, such resistance is partial and adjustment of the dose or frequency of administration allows the existing problem to be resolved. To prevent the development of resistance of microorganisms to medicines, you must follow your doctor's instructions exactly.

Prevention of the disease comes down to a reasonable approach in terms of organizing sexual life. This will make it possible to protect yourself not only from trichomoniasis, but also from other sexually transmitted infections.

Is it possible to have sex while treating trichomonas? Having sex while treating trichomonas is strictly prohibited. Moreover, you should abstain from intimate life until the results of the therapy are known.

Is it possible to become infected with Trichomonas through oral sex? You can become infected with Trichomonas through oral sex.

Is Trichomonas transmitted through kissing? No, trichomonas is not transmitted through a kiss.

Can there be bleeding with Trichomonas? Infection with Trichomonas does not provoke the development of bleeding. Multiple pinpoint hemorrhages of the mucous membrane of the cervix are possible, however, it is impossible to attribute the appearance of the so-called “strawberry cervix” symptom to bleeding. Very rarely, a small amount of blood appears in women after sexual intercourse.

Education: in 2008, he received a diploma in the specialty “General Medicine (Medicine and Prophylactic Care)” at the Russian Research Institute medical university named after N.I. Pirogov. I immediately completed an internship and received a diploma as a therapist.