Female sex hormones tablets instructions. Estrogens - female hormones in tablets: all about the appointment and use. Analysis for female hormones

It happens that the body of the fairer sex fails.

This is not surprising: constant stressful situations, an unhealthy lifestyle have a negative impact.

To alleviate these conditions, or even completely eliminate the problem, we recommend that you pay attention to estrogens - female hormones in tablets.

Hormonal imbalance occurs due to various factors. An important role is played by the meager production of the female hormone by the ovaries.

This happens for several reasons, among them, malfunctions of the pituitary gland, tumors and inflammatory processes passing through the uterine appendages.

Diseases of the endocrine system, in particular the thyroid gland and the adrenal cortex, contribute to the disruption of hormonal balance.

Excessive intake of estrogen leads to suppression of estrogen production. physical exercise, as well as bad habits- Smoking and alcohol abuse. As a result, the production of testosterone, the male hormone, is activated. This leads to excessive hair growth of the skin, a decrease in the timbre of the voice, the absence of menstruation and other unpleasant changes for the female body.

Not all of these phenomena speak with confidence about the lack of estrogen, however, before self-medicating, you should consult a specialist.

Diet lovers and vegetarians risk no less, since the depletion of body fat is fraught with a decrease in hormonal levels.

When can estrogen tablets be prescribed?

Preparations containing estrogens are used in the treatment and replacement therapy and also as a contraceptive.

Their reception is shown to women with such factors:

1. Underdevelopment of the genital organs and mammary glands, which is a consequence of congenital genetic disorder. As a result - complete or partial cessation of the functioning of the ovaries.
2. Both in the normal course of menopause, and in its pathologies.
3. Decreased ovarian function and premature menopause. The reason is the fragmentary removal of the appendages after chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
4. Weakening of working capacity and deterioration of well-being after the removal of one or two ovaries. Surgical intervention necessary for oncogynecological diseases.
5. Decreased activity of the sex glands.
6. Decreased bone density (osteoporosis).
7. heavy inflammatory disease skin characterized by the appearance of acne.
8. Increased hair loss on the head, leading to baldness. Excess secretion of androgens, which is expressed in the form of virilization - a manifestation of masculine traits in women.
9. The need to protect against unwanted pregnancy. Postoperative period on the organs of the reproductive system. Recommended after fetal development has stopped.
10. Some malfunctions of the glands internal secretion- endocrine infertility.
11. In vitro fertilization with a fresh donor egg to synchronize the menstrual cycles of the recipient (a woman who wants to have a child) and the donor.
12. Wrong course of pregnancy: gestation of the fetus, weakening of labor activity.

When using estrogen products, it is important to follow the dosage, duration and regimen prescribed by the doctor.

The action of hormones in tablets

Beneficial features

Preparations accelerate the process of rejuvenation of the woman's body.

In adulthood, estrogen products slow down aging and maintain hormonal balance.

Metabolism is also optimized, mimic wrinkles are smoothed out, indicators in the work of the nervous system are stabilized.

Due to hormones, the production of fibrillar protein - collagen, which strengthens connective tissue bones and tendons. Estrogens interfere with the development chronic disease arteries, reduce discomfort during menopause and minimize the risk of heart disease during the menopausal period.

The drug is effective in the treatment of strokes, heart attacks and depression. Normalizes the endocrine system and improves brain activity.

Hermaphroditism is a hereditary disease. Testicular feminization is a form of pseudohermaphroditism. You can read about the causes and signs of the disease.

Side effects

Despite the positive qualities of estrogens in tablets, there are also side effects when taken:

1. Possible water retention and symptoms of flatulence.
2. Mood swings are likely.
3. In some cases, there is headache and nausea.
4. It is not uncommon for women to experience pain in the chest area.

Abuse of hormonal drugs threatens with gallbladder disease, decreased blood clotting, suppression of lactation. Too much estrogen causes an increase blood pressure and thrombophlebitis, disrupt the activity of the liver.

Advantages

The advantage of tablets is the content of different amounts of estrogen per milligram of solid dosage form. They are taken in strict order. This approach to manufacturing allows you to properly dose the drug. As a result, hormonal levels are normalized in female body.

Preparations containing estrogen

Medicines with estrogens are divided into two types:

1. treatment group;
2. contraceptive.

In turn, tablets are of natural origin or synthetic.

To medical preparations relate:

• "Hormoplex" - prescribed during menopause. Normalizes the menstrual cycle in women of childbearing age.
• "Ovestin" - is recommended for the prevention of infertility and complications in menopause.
• "Premarin" - used for hormone therapy, uterine bleeding, osteoporosis during menopause.
• "Presomen" - preserves the functions of the female reproductive system.
• "Proginova" - universal remedy correcting the imbalance of the hormonal system.
• "Trikvilar" - contains an increased number of estrogens.
• "Chlortrianisen" - is prescribed for malignant neoplasms mammary gland.
• "Estrofeminal" - used by middle-aged women to prevent infertility.
• "Estradiol" - improves the hormonal background in the blood.

Often the sex hormone is part of contraceptives. The line of funds is represented by such drugs as:

• "Active";
• "Divina";
• "Janine";
• "Lindinet";
• "Mersilon";
• "Synfaz";
• "Triaclim";
• "Femoden";
• "Evista";
• "Yarina".

There is a large selection of drugs that are mainly used to maintain hormonal levels.

Some of them are available without a prescription, but despite this, only a doctor should prescribe them, who will prescribe the correct dose depending on the tests received.

Price

The price of female hormones estrogens in tablets directly depends on: the type, the country of manufacture, the volume of the drug and the diagnosis.

The average price of tablets is 650 rubles. A cheap remedy among hormonal drugs is Hormoplex. Its cost is 200 rubles.

The most expensive drug that is found on pharmacy shelves is Ovestin. One package can be purchased for 1119 rubles.

The cost of contraceptive drugs varies between 442-2762 rubles. "Yarina" is among the expensive funds. A budget option protective drugs - "Lindinet".

It should be remembered that the pricing policy of pharmacies is determined by the supplier of medicines and the foreign exchange market.

Lack of estrogen occurs at any age and for various factors. key effective method in case of violations in the work of the body, a replacement remains hormone therapy. Therefore, tablet preparations are reliable assistants for women.

Related video

Depending on the gender of a person, certain hormones dominate in his body, due to which secondary sexual characteristics are formed. In a woman's body, this function is performed by estrogens - steroid hormones, the action of which allows a woman to remain a woman. They are produced by the ovaries and adrenal cortex, and during pregnancy, their production is carried out by the placenta.

What functions do estrogens perform in the female body, why is it important to maintain them normal level, and what drugs help to achieve the desired goal?

Translated from the ancient Greek language, the word "estrogen" means "kind", "liveness" and "brightness". That is why, with the normal production of these hormones, a woman performs her reproductive function and flourishes. The lack of these substances leads to infertility and deterioration of appearance. However, their excess is no less dangerous, causing the formation of hormone-dependent tumors.

With the onset of a certain age, the production of estrogens is activated in the body of girls, due to which puberty. Under the influence of these hormones, changes occur in the tissues of the genital organs. In addition, estrogens contribute to the manifestation of secondary sexual characteristics in the form of growth of the mammary glands, roundness of body shapes, and they also affect the development of interest in the opposite sex.

In combination with other hormones, estrogens affect the metabolic processes in tissue cells. With a normal concentration of these hormones in women, the appearance of hair and skin improves.

Estrogen preparations are prescribed for the following conditions:

• insufficiency of ovarian function, characterized by a decrease or complete cessation of hormone production;
• to relieve symptoms accompanied by women in menopause;
• in the absence of the production of their own hormones in the case of removal of the uterus with appendages;
• conditions caused by an excess of male hormones, including androgenetic alopecia and acne;
• underdevelopment of the genital organs;
• contraception, which can be used not only tablets, but also gel.

Insufficient production of estrogen leads to disorders menstrual cycle and infertility. Restoration of reproductive function is possible with the use of hormone replacement therapy, as well as vaginal agents that restore the tissues of the vagina and cervix. One such remedy is a vaginal gel.

Varieties of estrogen-containing drugs

All medical preparations containing estrogen are divided into two groups.

• Therapeutic. This group may include any drugs used to correct the level of hormones in endocrine diseases.
• Contraceptive. This group of drugs is prescribed for the purpose of contraception.

AT medical practice For a long time, drugs have been used that can stabilize the hormonal background of a woman. All of them have not only certain advantages, but also disadvantages, causing harm to the body. Pharmacists are constantly working to develop the latest drugs with less pronounced side effects. At the same time, it is recommended to take them only if there are certain indications.

There are several varieties of estrogen-containing drugs.

• Natural steroids containing estrogens isolated from biological organisms, usually from the urine of animals, which is the reason for the frequent development allergic reactions in people.
• Synthetic analogues are obtained in laboratories by chemical transformations. These drugs are highly effective and are used to treat many hormone-dependent diseases.
• Compounds of natural steroids are phytoestrogens obtained from plant materials by synthesis. They are used in the absence of natural production of hormones by the body, for example, during menopause.

Preparations in tablets

• preparations containing exclusively estrogens;
• combined preparations containing estrogens and gestagens.

All hormonal drugs for women are also divided according to the direction of action:

• oral contraceptives;
• means of replacement drug hormone therapy.

Means used to compensate for the lack of hormones in the body, which is estrogen in tablets, is used for menstrual irregularities and restoration of reproductive function in women. Such drugs effectively relieve the symptoms of menopause and stabilize the hormonal background in pregnant women. The most commonly used estrogen in these pills is estradiol. And the most popular among them are the following pharmacy products:

• Estradiol. This medicine is most often prescribed to women during menopause to restore hormonal levels.
• Premarin is used for menstrual irregularities, as well as for uterine bleeding.
• Extrofeminal is prescribed in case of infertility. It helps stabilize hormone levels in women of reproductive age.
• Hormoplex - drug a wide range actions. It can be used by women, regardless of age and causes of hormone deficiency.
• Proginova. This drug, like the previous one, can be used for any manifestations of hormonal deficiency (from 138 rubles).
• Ovestin. Active ingredient in this preparation is estriol. Indications for its use are the symptoms of menopause, infertility and concomitant conditions after surgery to remove the reproductive organs (from 763 rubles).
• Triquilar is a combined estrogen-progestin preparation containing high doses hormones (from 469 rubles).
• Microgynon. This drug, like the previous one, belongs to the group of combined estrogen-gestagenic drugs (from 261 rubles).

The most popular contraceptives are the following birth control pills:

• Activel;
• Janine (from 817 rubles);
• Lindinet (from 358 rubles);
• Femoden (from 526 rubles);
• Yarina (from 878 rubles).

All of these birth control pills are low-estrogen monophasic contraceptives. Their principle of action is based on the fact that synthetic estrogen, once in the body, promotes the production of natural hormones, as a result of which ovulation does not occur.

It is necessary to take any estrogen-containing drugs, including contraceptives, together with a progestogen drug.

Vaginal preparations

The estrogen cream and gel are inserted into the vagina using an applicator. The hormone in this form has a beneficial effect on the tissues of the vagina and the urinary system. The cream is designed to relieve the symptoms of menopause and helps prevent changes caused by a lack of hormones. They have similar action vaginal tablets with estrogens and suppositories.

The most popular vaginal preparations include the following:

• Ogen - cream;
• Estrace - cream;
• Estraderm - cream;
• Estrogel - gel (from 584 rubles);
• Ovestin - tablets and suppositories (from 763 rubles).

Phytoestrogens tablets

Currently in production medicines based on plant analogs of hormones, the following phytoestrogens are used:

• lignans;
• isoflavones;
• salonins - steroid and triterpenoid;
• coumestans;
• acidic resorcylic lactones;
• phytosterols.

However, in foods and herbs, phytoestrogens are found in negligible amounts. Therefore, extracts from plants are used to increase efficiency in the production of tablets.

Phytoestrogens contain the following drugs:

• Inoklim - made on the basis of estrogens isolated from soy. In addition to high efficiency, this drug has practically no side effects.
• Feminal - made from red clover extract. This drug eliminates the manifestations of menopause, improves the functioning of the heart and blood vessels, and also strengthens bone tissue. Price this drug starts from 814 rubles.
• Qi-Klim, Estrovel, Klimadinon. The composition of these preparations contains natural phytoestrogens obtained from the cymifuta plant. Their composition is also supplemented with a vitamin and mineral complex. Therefore, their reception significantly improves the appearance of women. You can buy these drugs at a price of 220 rubles, 446 rubles. and 332 rubles. respectively.
• Klimafem contains natural phytoestrogens isolated from red clover and hops. This tool effectively eliminates the manifestations of menopause and improves skin condition.

Side effects

When taking estrogen tablets, you may experience side effects:

• an increase in the size of the mammary glands;
• swelling of the limbs;
• weight gain;
• convulsions;
• loss of appetite and bloating;

• nausea and vomiting caused by problems with gallbladder and cookies;
• bleeding from the vagina;
• yellowing of the eyes and skin;
• shortness of breath and dizziness;
• diarrhea;
• headache;
• increased libido.

To avoid side effects, you can buy drugs with natural estrogens. plant origin, as well as vaginal suppositories, cream or ointment, gel and tablets that have a targeted effect. They will restore the low level of hormones without affecting the internal organs.

Female hormones in pills are very effective drugs which are represented by modern pharmacology. However, not everyone understands the dangers of these drugs and the consequences of their misuse. Nowadays, you can buy any hormone that is produced human body, or its artificial counterpart.

In the form of tablets, hormones are produced that are produced thyroid gland, adrenal glands, pituitary gland and reproductive system. Thus, a patient with a hormonal failure has the opportunity to receive the highest quality and effective treatment with a lack of one or another substance. Hormonal drugs are widely used in gynecology. Sex steroids are most often used here. Without them, the treatment and prevention of some dangerous diseases female genitourinary system. Moreover, oral contraceptives, which are so loved by many representatives fair half humanity, are also hormonal agents.

These types of drugs are very effective. But for all their power, they can be dangerous if taken incorrectly. Only after consulting a doctor, determining the optimal dosage and regimen, you can use hormonal pills.

Varieties of female sex hormones

Elements that are classified as sex hormones are produced in the body of the representatives of the beautiful half of humanity by the corpus luteum, adrenal glands and ovaries. All hormonal preparations of this type are divided into 3 categories: estrogens, gestagens and androgens. Interestingly, the latter are substances of the male species. However, in certain quantities they are produced by the representatives of the beautiful half of humanity. The concentration of androgenic hormones in the body of a woman is very small. If the allowable rate is exceeded, this can cause negative consequences and the appearance of male signs in a woman's body.

For the fair sex, the main hormones are estrogens and gestagens. The main amount is progesterone and estradiol. The first is produced by the corpus luteum, therefore, at a certain period of the menstrual cycle, there is quite a lot of it in the female body. Estradiol is produced directly by the ovaries. This substance plays an important role in human health. Its quantity should be optimal. Otherwise, a serious hormonal failure may occur, which will cause the development of dangerous diseases.

Thanks to hormones, sexual characteristics appear in the female body, the reproductive system develops, the mammary glands grow, including their increase during pregnancy and breastfeeding, maturation and successful fertilization of the egg occurs, without which continuation of the family is impossible. Moreover, it is hormonal changes that make it possible to maintain the endometrium in the correct state at a certain stage of the menstrual cycle. In addition, without a sufficient amount of sex hormones, a normal pregnancy is impossible. The lack of one or another substance will lead to the fact that a spontaneous abortion will occur or the child will develop incorrectly.

Hormonal changes directly affect appearance women. If the body does not produce enough of certain substances, it will cause skin rashes, hair loss and increased production of sebum. An excess of some elements can lead to the appearance excess weight on the background of metabolic disorders. Getting rid of this problem can be quite difficult. In addition, it must be borne in mind that sex hormones are responsible for the qualitative removal of harmful cholesterol. If cholesterol metabolism is not active enough, this will lead to clogging of blood vessels.

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How do hormonal contraceptives work?

The most famous hormonal drugs in tablets are oral contraceptives. Many women prefer just such means to protect against unwanted pregnancy. But keep in mind that hormonal contraceptives are very powerful drugs, so their use should be agreed with the doctor.

The action of hormonal contraceptives is aimed at slowing down ovulation, reducing the thickness of the endometrium, which prevents the cell from gaining a foothold in the uterus and further developing, as well as increasing the viscosity of mucus in the cervix. All this becomes possible due to a sharp change in hormonal levels.

But not only to protect against unwanted pregnancy, a hormonal agent of this type can be used. Tablets normalize the hormonal background, which leads to an improvement in the condition of the scalp and face, a decrease in swelling and severity of PMS and menstruation pain. Sometimes hormonal pills (female hormones) are prescribed to patients in order to reduce the production of androgenic hormones.

Drugs of this type most often become the basis of therapy in the treatment of endometriosis and polycystic disease. In addition, hormonal agents should be used for frequent menstrual irregularities and severe bleeding. But you can not prescribe medications on your own. correct dosage and the regimen should be determined by the attending physician after a thorough examination of the patient.

Types of hormonal pills

For the treatment and protection against unwanted pregnancy, drugs based on estrogens with progestogens or consisting exclusively of progestogens are taken. Recently, drugs with a minimum number of side effects have begun to be used, but this does not at all mean that they can be taken without first consulting a doctor.

Female sex hormones in tablets are divided into gestagens, single-phase, two-phase and three-phase combined agents. The latter are considered among the most reliable when it comes to protection against unwanted pregnancies. Studies have shown that when using such drugs, one hundred percent suppression of ovulation occurs.

Single-phase drugs are most often prescribed to the fair sex, who have already gone through childbirth. Two- and three-phase hormonal pills are mainly used by young girls.

Gestagen funds are considered far from the most reliable. However, they are often prescribed to young mothers who are breastfeeding a child. Progestin contraceptives have a minimum number of contraindications.

It is impossible not to mention such a category of drugs as emergency contraception. Such drugs can prevent pregnancy if you have time to use them within 3 days after unprotected intercourse. Given the high efficiency of such funds, they are by no means recommended to be used more than 2 times a year. You must first consult with your doctor.

Drugs during pregnancy

If the female body produces an insufficient amount of the pregnancy hormone, this can lead to miscarriage or abnormal development of the child. In such situations, supportive therapy is prescribed.

Most often, in this case, expectant mothers are prescribed drugs that can replace natural progesterone. Hormonal pills of this type include Utrozhestan and Duphaston. They are able not only to maintain pregnancy, but also to treat infertility. Admission scheme medicinal product prescribed by a gynecologist. The duration of treatment ranges from 2 weeks to several months.

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Medicines for menopause

Hormone replacement therapy plays a big role in menopause. During this period, a serious hormonal failure occurs in the woman's body. Therefore, it is necessary to normalize the situation with special pills.

The health of the female body as a whole depends on the hormonal background. If hormones are synthesized in the required amount, their balance is not disturbed, then the systems and organs function normally. Female sex hormones are especially important for the fairer sex. Violation of their synthesis is fraught with serious problems that affect not only the appearance, but also the psychological state of a woman.

To stabilize the level of hormones, doctors may prescribe the intake of their analogues in tablets. It is necessary to select drugs purely individually, taking into account the nature of the existing problem, the results of tests for hormone levels and other factors.

Functions of sex hormones

The key sex hormones in women include gestagens (). Estrogens are synthesized in the ovaries, form the main sexual characteristics, thanks to which a woman differs from a man. The normal content of estrogens in the body ensures the elasticity of the skin, hair, protects blood vessels from the formation of cholesterol plaques, and helps to increase bone density.

If there is not enough estrogen, then external male features begin to appear in women (hair growth, loss of skin elasticity, increase muscle mass). An excess of hormones leads to an excessive accumulation of fatty tissues in the thighs and abdomen. Hyperestrogenism can also become a trigger for the development of tumor formations in the genitals and breasts.

Progesterone is synthesized by the ovaries in an enhanced mode during ovulation. It promotes the release of the egg from the follicle and ensures the possibility of its fertilization. With the help of progesterone, the embryo is not rejected by the uterus and the pregnancy proceeds normally. Low level hormone in pregnant women can cause spontaneous miscarriage.

Causes of hormonal imbalance

Violation of the synthesis of female sex hormones can occur under the influence of many factors:

• uncontrolled intake of hormonal drugs and oral contraceptives;
• emotional turmoil;
• sleep disturbance;
• strong physical activity;
• infectious and inflammatory processes in the body;
• autoimmune diseases;
• bad habits.

Overview of drugs in tablets

To stabilize the level of hormones, their analogues in the form of tablets are widely used today. They should be prescribed exclusively by a doctor, taking into account the results of clinical tests.

There are several groups of tablets:

• containing estrogen;
• containing gestagens;
• combined.

They are prescribed for the targeted treatment of certain diseases, to prevent pregnancy, as a menopause and in other cases.

Estrogen preparations

Indications for use:

• in reproductive age;
• prolongation of pregnancy;
• insufficiency of gender sexual characteristics;
• infertility;
• after removal of the ovaries;
• period of menopause;
• prevention of osteoporosis.

The most common synthetic analogues of estrogens in the form of tablets are:

• Premarin- pills based on conjugated estrogen. They should be used with caution in the presence of hypertension, epilepsy, and diseases of the central nervous system.
• Estroferm- it is recommended to use for the relief of menopausal symptoms, the normalization of the menstrual cycle. In view of a large number side effects, with long-term treatment with the drug, it is recommended to conduct an additional examination every six months.
• Norkolut- oral contraceptive with estrogen. The drug also stimulates the cupping of milk synthesis during lactation. It is also used for menstrual irregularities.

Other representatives of estrogen:

• Presomemen;
• Tefestrol;
• Microfollin.

A warning! Long-term use of estrogen can cause uterine bleeding, proliferation of the endometrium, a factor in the development of tumor formations. Treatment with such tablets should be strictly regulated by the doctor.

Medications with progesterone

Progesterone tablets are prescribed for:

• insufficiency;
• lack of ovulation;
• uterine bleeding;
• scanty periods;
• endometriosis;
• treatment of infertility (after the use of estrogens);
• miscarriage threats.

Common progesterone pills:

• pregnin- in terms of properties and therapeutic effect, it is similar to natural progesterone. But in terms of activity, it is inferior to the natural hormone. The tablet must be placed under the tongue and wait for it to dissolve. This method of administration will provide a more effective effect of the drug.
• Norkolut- a progestogen drug based on norethyrsterone. The doctor selects the dosage individually, taking into account the characteristics of the clinical picture.
• Postinor- contraceptive, the action of which provides desired effect within 2 days after taking. In 95% of cases, an unwanted pregnancy can be avoided if Postinor is taken immediately after sexual intercourse. The drug is contraindicated for liver failure, children under 16 years old, individual intolerance to the components.

In case of insufficiency of the corpus luteum, as a program for the treatment of infertility from the beginning of ovulation to the end of the cycle, gestagenic preparations can be prescribed,. Tablets are also taken a few weeks after the onset of pregnancy to maintain it.

Progesterone tablets are contraindicated in the presence of tumors in the mammary glands and other organs.

Combined funds

Divided into several types:

• Monophasic- contain estrogens and gestagens in a ratio of 1: 1 (Novinet, Logest, Zhanin, Yarina).
• Two-phase- 2 different combinations of hormones (Klimonorm, Divina, Sequilar, Adepal).
• Three-phase- consist of three different combinations of sex hormones (Trikvilar, Tri-merci, Tri-Regol).

Biphasic and triphasic tablets mimic the natural balance of hormones in women of reproductive age. Combined sex hormones are used as contraceptives, for the treatment of menopausal disorders, to normalize the menstrual cycle. Monophasic drugs are prescribed for women who have already given birth.

It must be remembered that hormones with prolonged use can have a number of side effects on the body: headaches, nausea, vomiting. You can take them only as prescribed by a doctor, strictly according to the scheme.

Sex hormones in pills are a way to make up for their deficiency in the female body and solve many health problems. Thanks to hormonal drugs, it is possible to normalize the menstrual cycle, cure infertility, and stop the unpleasant symptoms that accompany menopause. Before taking the tablets, you must remember that they should be prescribed exclusively by a specialist in an individual dosage. Application hormonal drugs clearly according to the instructions will help to cope with the existing problem and minimize the risks of undesirable consequences.

To correct hormonal disorders in women, replacement therapy and menopause, tablets containing female sex hormones can be used. The main female sex hormones include estrogens and progestogens (progesterone), which are produced by the ovaries. Before prescribing any female sex hormone in tablets for correcting the menstrual cycle, you need to know in which phase of the cycle it works and what functions it performs. Also, pills that contain female hormones are used as contraceptives. But birth control pills with female hormones can contain either estrogen or progesterone, or both hormones (combined contraceptives). To choose the right female sex hormone for treatment, you need to know their functions in the body.

The main female sex hormones - estrogen and progesterone, are not only produced in different phases of the cycle, but also perform different roles in the body. Functions of hormones:

1. are produced by the ovaries in the first phase of the cycle and contribute to the destruction and subsequent proliferation of the endometrium. Additionally, estrogens affect the appearance of secondary sexual characteristics, increase the deposition subcutaneous fat, normalize the condition of the skin and mucous membranes, cholesterol metabolism, increase bone density.
2. Progesterone is produced by the ovaries from the beginning of the second phase and ensures ovulation and implantation of a fertilized egg, maintains pregnancy by preventing the uterus from contracting and ensuring its growth, and prepares the mammary glands for milk production.

Female hormones in tablets - names and functions

The tablets release female sex hormones: estrogens, progesterone and combined preparations containing both estrogens and gestagens. Less often, herbal medicine pills are used that increase female sex hormones in the body. Pills containing estrogen (most often estradiol) are indicated for replacement therapy after ovarian removal and for complications of menopause, for some forms of breast cancer and for contraception. Contraindicated in tumors of the uterus, a tendency to thrombosis. Most often, these drugs are taken strictly by numbering on certain days of the cycle, since they contain a different dose of hormones for each of the phases. Of the most famous, one can list such names of estrogens in tablets as Ovestin, Regulon, Premarin, Rigevidon, Minisiston.

Tablets containing female hormones gestagens (progesterone and its synthetic analogues) - Progesterone, Utrozhestan. They are indicated for the threat of abortion in the first trimester, premenstrual syndrome, fibrocystic mastopathy, endometriosis, menstrual disorders, for replacement therapy after removal of the ovaries. Pills with progesterone are contraindicated in the second half of pregnancy, renal and hepatic insufficiency, increased blood pressure, diabetes, bronchial asthma, thrombosis and thrombophlebitis, epilepsy, migraine, lactation and ectopic pregnancy.

Tablets containing both estrogens and gestagens - combined hormonal preparations, are used both for contraception and for hormonal regulation of menstrual irregularities. They are divided into high, low and microdosed (50; 30-35 and 15-20 mcg EE / day), monophasic (same doses of hormones in all phases of the cycle) and triphasic (different doses of hormones in different phases).