Cefazolin 1000 mg instructions for use. Cefazolin for children: instructions for use. Dosage selection is the most important issue

Pharmachologic effect:
Cefazolin has a wide spectrum of antimicrobial (bactericidal) action. Active against gram-positive microorganisms (Staphylococcus spp., forming and not forming penicillinase, most strains of Streptococcus spp., including pneumococci, Corinebacterium dlphtheriae), gram-negative microorganisms (Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Shiqella spp., Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella spp., Haemopnylus influenzae, Enterobacter aerogenes, Neisseria gonorrhoeae). Indole-positive strains of Proteus (P morgani, P.vulgaris, P.rettgeri) are resistant to the antibiotic; it does not affect rickettsiae, viruses, fungi, and protozoa. Like penicillins, it inhibits the synthesis of bacterial cell walls.

Pharmacokinetics
When administered intramuscularly, the product is rapidly absorbed, reaches its maximum concentration in the blood after 1 hour and is stored in effective concentrations in the blood plasma for 8-12 hours. It is excreted mainly (within 90%) by the kidneys unchanged.
Penetrates through the placental barrier into amniotic fluid and umbilical cord blood. Found in very low concentrations in breast milk.
The drug penetrates well through the inflamed synovial membrane and into the joint cavities.
When administered intravenously, a higher concentration in the blood is created, but the product is released faster (half-life - within 2 hours).

Cefazolin route of administration and dosage:
Cefazolin is administered intramuscularly and intravenously (struino or drip). For intramuscular injection the product solution is prepared ex tempore, the contents of the bottle are diluted in 4-5 ml of isotonic sodium chloride solution or sterile water for injection and injected deep into the muscle. For intravenous jet administration, a single dose of the product is diluted in 10 ml of isotonic sodium chloride solution and administered slowly over 3-5 minutes. When administered intravenously, the product (0.5 - 1.0 g) is diluted in 100-250 ml of isotonic sodium chloride solution or 5% glucose solution; the injection is carried out over 20-30 minutes (the injection rate is 60-80 drops per 1 minute).

The daily dose of the product for adults is from 1 g to 4 g (sometimes more) and depends on the severity of the infection, the type of pathogen and its sensitivity to the antibiotic.
A single dose of the product for adults for infections caused by gram-positive microorganisms is 0.25-0.5 g after 8 hours.

For infections respiratory tract moderate severity caused by pneumococci and urinary tract infections, the product is prescribed at 0.5 -1.0 g every 12 hours.

For diseases caused by gram-negative microorganisms, the product is prescribed at 0.5 - 1.0 g every 6-8 hours.

For severe infections (sepsis, endocarditis, peritonitis, destructive pneumonia, acute hematogenous osteomyelitis, complicated urological infections) daily dose of the product can be increased to 6 g (maximum) with an interval between administrations of 6-8 hours.

For children over 1 month old, the product is prescribed at a daily dose of 20-50 mg/kg body weight (in 3-4 doses), for severe infections - 100 mg/kg (highest dose).

If excretory function is impaired in adults, the treatment regimen is adjusted by reducing the dose of the product and increasing the intervals between administrations. The initial dose of the product, regardless of the degree of renal dysfunction, is 0.5 g.

Recommended doses for the treatment of adults with impaired renal function:
- with blood urea nitrogen 20-34 mg% and creatine clearance 70-40 ml/min, the dose of the product for mild or moderate infection is 0.25-0.5 g after 12 hours, for severe infection - 0.5-1 .25 g after 12 hours (half-life is 3-5 hours);

With blood urea nitrogen 35-49 mg% and clearance 40-20 ml/min, the dose of the product for mild or moderate infection is 0.125-0.25 g after 12 hours, for severe infection - 0.25-0.6 g after 12 hours (half-life is 6-12 hours);

With blood urea nitrogen 50-75 mg% and clearance 20-5 ml/min, the dose of the product for mild or moderate infection is 75-150 mg after 24 hours, for severe infection - 150-400 g after 24 hours (half-life is 15-30 hours);

With a blood urea nitrogen of 75 mg% and a clearance of 5 ml/min, the dose of the product for mild or moderate infection is 37.5-75 mg after 24 hours, for severe infection - 75-200 mg after 24 hours (half-life is 30- 40 hours).

If kidney function is impaired in children, the usual single dose of Cefazolin is first administered, then subsequent doses of the product are adjusted based on the degree of renal failure. In children with moderate renal impairment (creatine clearance from 70 to 40 ml/min), the daily dose is 60% of the daily dose of the product, which is used for normal renal function, and is divided into 2 administrations; with creatine clearance from 40 to 20 ml/min, the dose of the product is 25% of the norm and is divided into 2 injections; in case of significant impairment of renal function (creatine clearance from 20 to 5 ml/min), the daily dose is 10% of the normal dose with an interval between doses of 24 hours.

Solutions of the Cefazolin product should not be mixed with other antibiotics in the same syringe or in the same infusion solution. The duration of treatment depends on the form and severity of the disease.

Cefazolin contraindications:
Increased susceptibility of the patient to products of the cephalosporin group, pregnancy, is not prescribed to premature infants and children under one month of age.

Cefazolin side effects:
Possible allergic reactions (inflammation and itchy skin, eosinophilia), transient increase in the level of liver aminotransferases.
In patients with previous impaired renal function, when treated with large doses of the Cefazolin product (6 g), manifestations of nephrotoxicity (increased urine nitrogen and creatine levels in the blood serum) are possible. In these cases, the dose of the product is reduced, and treatment is carried out under the control of the dynamics of these indicators (at least once a week). It is also possible gastrointestinal disorders(nausea, vomiting, symptoms of colitis and others). With long-term treatment, dysbacteriosis and superinfection caused by pathogens resistant to its action can develop.
Intramuscular administration can be painful, and phlebitis is possible with intravenous administration.

Pregnancy:
During pregnancy and breastfeeding, use only according to strict indications.
Studies have not revealed any adverse effects of Cefazolin on the fetus.

Overdose:
Parenteral administration in large doses exceeding those recommended may cause dizziness, paresthesia and headache. In case of an overdose of the product or its accumulation in patients with chronic renal failure Neurotoxic phenomena may occur, with high convulsive readiness, generalized clonicotonic seizures, vomiting and tachycardia noted. In the event of toxic reactions developing in patients, as well as signs of an overdose of Cefazolin, the removal of the product from the body can be accelerated by hemodialysis. Peritoneal dialysis will be ineffective in this case.

Use with other medications:
The renal clearance of Cefazolin is reduced while taking probenecid. May be falsely noted positive results laboratory tests on the sugar content in the urine if they are carried out using Benedict's solution, Fehling's solution or Clinitest tablets. At the same time, Cefazolin does not affect the results of tests for sugar content in urine performed using enzymatic methods. In addition, false-positive results of the direct and indirect Coombs test may occur, for example, in newborns whose mothers were treated with Cefazolin.
The drug should not be used simultaneously with anticoagulants, strong diuretics (furosemide, ethacrynic acid).

Release form:
Powder for preparing a solution for injection, 0.5, 1 or 2 g in vials. 10 bottles in a pack.

Storage conditions:
Store out of reach of children, protected from light at a temperature of 15 to 25°C.
Shelf life – 3 years.
Dispensing conditions from pharmacies are by prescription.

Cefazolin composition:
International and chemical names:
Cefazofin;
(6R,7R)-3-[(5-methyl)-1,3.4-thiadiazol-2-yl)thiomethyl]-8-oxo-7--5-thia-1-azabicyclooct-2-ene-2-carboxylate sodium
Basic physicochemical characteristics: white or almost white powder, very hygroscopic.
1 bottle contains sterile cefazolin sodium salt in terms of cefazolin - 0.5, 1 or 2 g.

Additionally:
In patients with reduced renal function, it is necessary to select dosage levels and intervals between administrations of Cefazolin depending on the severity of functional kidney damage. In case of unstable renal function, constant monitoring of Cefazolin levels in the blood serum will ensure the safety of use of the product. If signs appear allergic reactions administration of the product should be discontinued and appropriate symptomatic treatment should be prescribed. It is possible to develop cross-allergic reactions with other cephalosporin antibiotics, and also, in some cases, with penicillin antibiotics.
Cefazolin does not affect the ability to drive a car or use other mechanical drugs.

Attention!
Before using the medication "Cefazolin" You should consult your doctor.
The instructions are provided for informational purposes only. Cefazolin».

Cefazolin is a first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic, which is a semi-synthetic antimicrobial drug.

This drug has a negative effect on many pathogens.

Cefazolin is marketed as a powder for injection. Getting into gastrointestinal tract the active substance disintegrates and does not have time to be absorbed into the blood, so the medicine is not produced in tablet form.

Due to its wide spectrum of action, the antibiotic is prescribed to treat many infections caused by microbes susceptible to the active substance.

The drug is used to treat genitourinary, respiratory systems, for diseases of the skin, joints and so on.

Composition and release form of the product

The main active ingredient of the antibiotic is cefazolin sodium salt.

The medication is produced in the form of a powder for injection solutions. The drug is injected into the muscle or intravenously. The powder is supplied to pharmacies in glass bottles of 0, 250; 0, 5; 1 grams.

Pharmacology of the drug

Cefazolin is a mildly toxic antibiotic. It is classified as an antimicrobial drug of semi-synthetic origin.

Medicines in this group kill infections and bacteria by destroying their cell membrane.

The antibiotic is active against many microorganisms. Not effective in the treatment of tuberculosis, fungus, viruses, protozoa bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Mechanism of action

Main medicinal properties medicine is the destruction of pathogenic microorganisms that cause the development of an infectious-inflammatory disease.

Consequently, the antibiotic is prescribed to treat inflammation and infections caused by microbes sensitive to the active substance of the drug.

For what diseases is the drug prescribed?

Indications for use of Cefazolin:

After surgery, the medication is prescribed as a prophylactic agent to prevent the development of infections.

Restrictions and contraindications

• during pregnancy and breastfeeding;
• if there is hypersensitivity to drugs of the cephalosporin group;
• children under one year old.

Rules of use and dosage

Depending on the treatment tactics and following the doctor’s prescription, the antibiotic is administered into a vein, muscle, or by drip.

For intramuscular injections, one bottle of Cefazolin (5 ml) should be diluted with water for injection solutions or isotonic sodium chloride solution. The antibiotic is injected deep into the muscle layer.

How to dilute Cefazolin correctly?

Since injections of the drug are quite painful, it is better to use anesthetics for the solution. Cefazolin powder for injection into the muscle layer is diluted with an injection solution, Lidocaine, Novocaine.

To prepare a solution for injection into the muscle, 2-3 ml of sterile water, lidacoin -0.5%, novocaine -2% are injected into a bottle with powder.

Then the bottle is shaken until a clear liquid is obtained. When administering the drug into a vein, a solution is prepared by diluting the powder in sterile water. In this case, there should be at least 10 ml of water.

The solution is prepared immediately before administration. A high-quality solution should not contain impurities, particles, turbidity, or sediment. It should be transparent or have a slightly yellowish tint.

It is prohibited to prepare an antibiotic solution in advance, but in exceptional cases it can be stored in the refrigerator before injection for no more than two days.

Learn more about how to dilute antibiotics:

Dosage selection is the most important issue

The dosage and frequency of injections of the drug are prescribed taking into account the patient’s condition and the potential risk of infection.

Injections are placed in a part of the body with a well-developed muscle layer - shoulder, buttock, thigh. The drug is administered into a vein not only by injection, but also by drip.

The dosage of the drug is determined according to the patient’s condition and the severity of the disease.

Adults who do not suffer are prescribed the drug in the following dosages:

It is allowed to increase the daily dose of antibiotic to 12 grams if there is a question of life and death. For people with kidney problems, a lower dosage is prescribed.

The individual dose of the drug and the number of injections are determined using the creatinine filtration coefficient, calculated using the Rehberg test.

Cases of overdose

Overdose of the drug in patients with chronic form may cause:

• neurotoxic effect;
• increased vascular readiness;
• convulsions;
• tachycardia;
• nausea;
• vomiting

The antibiotic is removed from the body using dialysis, but the second option is not as effective as the first.

An overdose is most often observed if the doses of Cefazolin, which are indicated in the instructions for use, are overestimated by 2 or more times.

In patients without any kidney problems, allergic reactions may occur. In this case, treatment with the drug should be stopped and desensitizing therapy should be carried out.

Possible side effects

The medicine may cause the following side effects:

• gastrointestinal tract: nausea, loss of appetite, heartburn, vomiting, diarrhea, glossitis, painful sensations in the abdominal area;
• urinary system: and creatinine;
• an overdose of the drug can cause kidney dysfunction;
• allergic manifestations: itching, skin rash, fever, spasm of the respiratory tract, increased levels of eosinophils in the blood.

In certain cases, it is likely to develop against the background of allergies, angioedema, joint pain, and anaphylactic shock.

What else to consider

The course of treatment with an antibiotic is usually 7-14 days.

Prescribing an antibiotic for less than five days is not effective, since the infection in this case may not be completely destroyed, and there is a possibility of developing a resistant type of microbes that are resistant to the medicine.

You should avoid drinking alcoholic beverages for the entire period of treatment.

During the period of bearing a child, an antibiotic is prescribed only for strict indications, when there is a possibility of a threat to the life of the pregnant woman.

If treatment with this medicine is required for a nursing mother, the child should be switched to artificial nutrition during treatment.

Babies older than one month are prescribed the drug at the rate of 0.1 grams per kg. weight, but not more than 25-50 mg per day. Daily norm divided into three to four injections.

Features of use with other medications

Simultaneous treatment with Cefazolin and loop diuretics may cause neutralization of tubular secretion of the antibiotic.

Combining medication and ethanol in one course leads to disulfiram-like reactions;

When treated with Probenecid, Cefazolin injections will not give the desired effect.

How does it work in practice?

Having studied the reviews of patients and doctors who use Cefazolin in their practice, you can supplement big picture about the drug.

Expert opinion

When treating with Cefazolin, it is necessary to take into account the likelihood of allergic reactions when used with other antibiotics of the cephalosporin group, as well as with penicillin drugs.

During a course of injections with the drug, positive results of glucosuric tests may be observed, which are not true, since the antibiotic cannot in any way affect the results of tests carried out by enzymatic methods.

Urologist Nikolai Valerievich

Word to the patient

The drug was prescribed to me for a sore throat when Amoxicillin did not bring the expected effect.

The only drawback of this treatment I can name is painful sensations with injections, but such a disadvantage can be tolerated for the sake of a quick recovery.

Patient

Generally practical use Cefazolin has proven its effectiveness and safety.

Side effects occur extremely rarely, in the case of existing individual intolerance to the active substance.

But it is worth noting that some types of pathogenic microorganisms are resistant to first generation antibiotics and require treatment with drugs with more wide range actions.

Purchasing and storing medicines

The antibiotic is available in the form of powder for injection in a glass bottle. Possible dosage – 0.25;0.5; and 1 gram of Cefazolin. the price depends on the manufacturer and the dosage of the bottle and starts from 70 rubles and above.

The drug should be stored in a place protected from sunlight and out of reach of children.

The permissible temperature is no more than 25 degrees. Storage duration is two years from the date of issue. The medicine cannot be stored in the form of a ready-made solution. Dispensed by prescription.

What to replace the drug with?

Analogs of Cefazolin are drugs with a similar active ingredient:

The information is provided for informational purposes only and does not constitute a guide to action. Treatment with Cefazolin is possible only for medical reasons and as prescribed by a doctor.

Of all the cephalosporin antibiotics, Cefazolin is the least toxic, and therefore quite safe, as far as it is possible to apply antibiotics. This antimicrobial agent has a wide range of uses, however, questions may arise with its direct use, since the drug requires preparation. How to dilute Cefazolin for children and adults? How to give his injections correctly?

Cefazolin: indications for use

This semi-synthetic antibiotic has an effect on most unicellular microorganisms, gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. It remains in the blood plasma for 12 hours, reaching its highest concentration 1 hour after administration intramuscularly or intravenously. Used in case:

• Staphylococcus, syphilis, gonorrhea, sepsis
• Inflammation abdominal cavity
• Infections of the biliary and urinary tract, musculoskeletal system, ENT organs, respiratory system
• Blood poisoning
• To prevent complications after surgery

Side effects are most often observed in people who have individual intolerance to cephalosporins and penicillins, but the body may react with hypersensitivity from the outside nervous system(convulsions), digestive, urinary and skin manifestations (itching, inflammation, swelling). With prolonged use, dysbacteriosis develops.

• Due to the fact that the drug is excreted by the kidneys, for any pathologies of this organ, the use of Cefazolin should be agreed with the attending physician, and the dosage is always reduced, the drug is administered once to prevent its accumulation in the kidneys.
• The drug cannot be used during pregnancy and lactation, as well as in children under 1 year of age, and in premature infants. The use of Cefazolin for intestinal diseases is undesirable.

How to prepare Cefazolin for injection: instructions

Since the main form of release of this antibiotic is powder, it requires preliminary preparation. Mainly used sterile water for injection, but sometimes it is diluted with novocaine or lidocaine, thereby reducing the sensitivity of the injection area. When administered intramuscularly, the injection of Cefazolin is always painful.

• When Cefazolin is administered intravenously through a dropper, 1 g of powder is dissolved in isotonic sodium chloride or glucose solution with a 5% concentration. Liquid volume - 250 ml. The duration of the procedure is 30 minutes; it is performed twice for an adult. Maximum dosage - 6 g.
• When Cefazolin is administered intramuscularly, through an injection, 0.5-2 g of powder accounts for 3 ml of water for injection. Sodium chloride can also be used. For an intravenous injection, the volume is increased to 10 ml.
• How to dilute Cefazolin with novocaine? For this purpose, a 1% solution of novocaine (or a lower concentration) is used; for 1 g of Cefazolin there is 5 ml of novocaine.

The system for diluting powder with liquid looks like this:

1. The foil is removed and the lid is treated with medical alcohol.
2. The liquid is poured into a bottle with powder.
3. The bottle is shaken to dissolve the granules.
4. The resulting solution is injected into a syringe.

How to dilute Cefazolin for children?

The dosage of this antibiotic for children should be prescribed by a doctor, but in a critical situation you can calculate it yourself and also give your baby an injection yourself.

• For each kg of net weight, take from 25 to 50 mg of Cefazolin, depending on the sensitivity of the body.
• A bottle of powder for children should contain 0.5 g of antibiotic, for maximum exact dosage. At higher concentrations (1 g, 2 g), 10 and 20 ml of liquid are taken, respectively.
• Water for injection or novocaine is also added to the bottle, and the required number of ml for administration is removed with a syringe.

The above instructions and recommendations for the use of Cefazolin do not replace consultation with a specialist. When any side effects antibiotic use should be discontinued. Remember that Cefazolin solution can only be administered if it is completely clear.

Latin name: Cefazolinum
ATX code: J01DB04
Active substance: Cefazolin
Manufacturer: Biochemist, Sinetez, Russia
Conditions for dispensing from a pharmacy: On prescription

Cefazolin is an antibiotic antimicrobial action, aimed at eliminating all kinds of infections and similar diseases sensitive to the main active substance.

Indications for use

Cefazolin (Cefazolin-AKOS) is used to eliminate a variety of inflammatory infections and similar diseases, if they are sensitive to it. Among them:

• Endocarditis
• Sepsis
• Peritonitis
• Various genitourinary tract infections
• Various respiratory tract infections
• Infections related to bones and joints.

This drug is not used for sore throat, flu, colds and other seasonal diseases.

Composition of the drug

A bottle of Cefazolin (Cefazolin-AKOS) filled with powder contains 1 mg of the active ingredient for injection - cefazolin.

Medicinal properties

Cefazolin (Cefazolin-AKOS) is an antimicrobial drug for injection or drip administration that has a therapeutic effect on a fairly wide range of infectious diseases. His active substance– cefazolin – achieves this effect by inhibiting the synthesis of various cell wall substances. It is the latter that contributes to the destruction of the microbial cell and subsequently the complete cessation of the inflammatory process.

After the injection, cefazolin begins to act within an hour, but after 12 hours the therapeutic effect disappears. Cefazolin is excreted through the kidneys, in the urine, and mainly unchanged.

Release form

average price— 40 rub.

Cefazolin (Cefazolin-AKOS) is available in bottles of 0.5, 1 and 2 g. It looks like a white powder that needs to be diluted for injection or drip administration. The drug has no other forms of release other than white powder for injection.

Mode of application

Preparation of the solution

There are three main ways to dilute cefazolin, which doctors usually describe in prescriptions:

1. Dissolve the powder in 5 ml of a special liquid (for intramuscular administration, injection)
2. Dissolve, but only using 10 ml of liquid (for intravenous administration)

1. Dissolve 0.5 or 1 mg of the drug in 100-250 ml of liquid (for drip administration)

How to dilute cefazolin with novocaine if prescribed by a doctor? First, you need to purchase 2% novocaine or lidocaine. After this, you need to prepare sterile syringes and follow the instructions:

1. Open the ampoule with novocaine or lidocaine
2. Prepare a syringe, lower it into the ampoule and capture the required amount of novocaine (lidocaine), and then remove the syringe
3. Open the bottle with cefazolin powder, pierce the rubber cap with a needle and carefully, slowly squeeze novocaine or lidocaine into the bottle
4. Without touching the syringe, shake the bottle so that everything dissolves, and then draw the required volume of the resulting solution
5. And then give an injection with novocaine or lidocaine solution (inject).

Application

• For moderate and mild infectious diseases, the child is given injections of 20-50 mg of medication for each kg of his weight over three or four doses, separated over several days.
• For severe cases - 100 mg.

For an adult:

• For infections genitourinary system and at infectious diseases moderate respiratory tract, dose recommended for adults - 0.5 or 1 g of the drug every 12 hours
• Dose for the same respiratory tract infections, but already in severe form– 1-10 mg of antibiotic per day, taken every 8 hours
• For diseases caused by gram-positive pathogenic microflora, take 0.25-0.5 g of the drug every 8 hours
• If, on the contrary, it is gram-negative, then 0.5-1 g of antibiotic every 6-8 hours.

During pregnancy and breastfeeding

As a rule, antibiotics during pregnancy are used only as a necessary measure, when it is no longer possible to do without them. It is worth remembering that in the first trimester they are generally contraindicated, and after this period they can only be prescribed an experienced doctor, and only after a careful examination of the patient and a conclusion about her state of health. The use of Cefazolin during pregnancy in the form of injections and as an antibiotic does not go beyond this rule.

If treatment with the drug is necessary for breastfeeding, then breastfeeding is completely canceled. Cefazolin quickly passes into breast milk, and therefore feeding may have unpleasant consequences.

Contraindications

The use of Cefazolin (Cefazolin-AKOS) is prohibited in the following cases:

• If the patient has an allergy or intolerance to substances in the drug
• If the patient is less than one month old; Cefazolin is not contraindicated for children of other ages.

Precautionary measures

If the patient has kidney disease, then Cefazolin (Cefazolin-AKOS) is taken in small doses prescribed by the doctor in order to prevent the accumulation of the substance. It is not recommended to give antibiotic injections to people who have allergic reactions. But if it is necessary to take this medicine, the doctor may prescribe a course of treatment with antiallergic drugs and only then prescribe the drug to the patient in small doses.

You should also know that after injection, cefazolin very easily penetrates into the periarticular fluid at the site of inflammation and through the protective barriers of the brain, which is why patients experience various side effects.

Interaction with other drugs

If you use the antibiotic Cefazolin (Cefazolin-AKOS) together with certain drugs, then various reactions may appear. So, if you simultaneously use an antibiotic and antibacterial medicines penicillin group, then unpleasant allergic reactions may occur. If you take Probenecid, the withdrawal of cefazolin will slow down.

In addition to all this, it is worth noting that Cefazolin and alcohol are completely incompatible things. Even after use ethyl alcohol contained in some drugs (not to mention the consumption of alcoholic beverages), complications develop that are very similar to the side effects of Disulfiram. Liver disease usually occurs.

Side effects

After using this drug, some of the following side effects may occur:

• Abdominal pain
• Nausea
• Vomit
• Diarrhea, diarrhea
• Glossitis
• Heartburn
• Loss of appetite
• Violation of the functional activity of the kidneys
• Candidiasis.

To learn how to quickly eliminate heartburn, read the article:

Also, some patients feel pain after antibiotic injections and find a lump at the injection site intramuscular injection, which is actually nothing serious. Various allergic reactions to Cefazolin (Cefazolin-AKOS) were also recorded, including: urticaria, anaphylactic shock, vascular pain, skin rashes and itching in various places, fever, an increase in the volume of eosinophilic leukocytes and Quincke's edema.

Quite rarely, but still there were side effects directly related to circulatory system– a decrease in the number of platelets, leukocytes, and neutrophils in the blood. This does not cause any particular harm, since such a decrease in the number of cells is reversible and stops immediately after stopping treatment with the drug. The blood then acquires its usual, normal composition.

Overdose

An overdose after improper use of the antibiotic Cefazolin (Cefazolin-AKOS) is acceptable and is manifested by a number of symptoms, such as:

• Involuntary muscle contractions
• Convulsive syndrome
• Headache
• Dizziness
• Paresthesia
• Sudden heart rhythm disturbances
• Vomit.

Treatment for these symptoms is as follows: firstly, you need to immediately stop giving injections with the medicine, and secondly, if the symptoms bother the patient too much, he needs to start taking medications that can eliminate them. It has been noticed that the body itself contributes to the removal of the antibiotic - in case of an overdose, hemodialysis is accelerated, which contributes to the speedy completion of the entire process. Well, if the case is very severe, then hospitalization occurs and mechanical blood purification is used - dialysis.

Conditions and shelf life

Analogs

Cefazolin Sandoz

Sandoz Gmbh, Germany
Price about 70 rub.

The main difference between Sandoz and regular Cefazolin or Cefazolin-AKOS is that it is made in Germany. In everything else - composition, indications and contraindications, side effects - these injections make no difference. The drug is available in the form of the same white powder, but in a different package. Only its price is higher, which is not the case with its domestic analogue.

Also, according to patient reviews, Cefazolin Sandoz is very painful to administer, so it is recommended to dilute it with novocaine or lidocaine.

Pros:

• Made in Germany
• Available in literally all pharmacies.

Minuses:

• Higher price
• "Painful" injections.

Ceftriaxone

LECCO, Russia
Price about 30 rub.

Ceftriaxone is a drug that is used for the same diseases listed above and is also administered intravenously or intramuscularly. The main difference between Ceftriaxone and Cefazolin is its active substance ceftriaxone, which in its action is in no way different from cefazolin. Ceftriaxone can also be administered and injected into children, adults, and pregnant women with caution. Ceftriaxone also treats inflammatory infections, but not sore throats and colds, and the same side effects may occur when administered. And patients who took Ceftriaxone claim that it is stronger than Cefazolin.

Pros:

• More powerful action.

Minuses:

• Shelf life – 2 years

Cefotaxime

ROMED EXPORTS, India
Price about 30 rub.

Cefotaxime is another medicinal product with the same indications for use. The main difference between Cefotaxime and its analogues is the active ingredient cefotaxime, otherwise it is similar to previous drugs. Also, Cefotaxime should not be injected intramuscularly into children under 2.5 years of age.

Patients responded mostly well to the drug; many were pleased that the treatment was quick and without allergic reactions.

Pros:

• Rapid improvement of the patient's condition
• In most cases, there is no allergic reaction to the drug.

Minuses:

• Shorter shelf life – two years
• During pregnancy and under the age of 2.5 years, Cefotaxime is strictly prohibited.

Sulbactomax

Mili Healthcare Ltd, UK
Price about 270 rub.

Sulbactomax is another analogue of Cefazolin, which is also a powder for dilution. The drug was recently developed and is considered an innovative antibiotic due to the fact that it has two active ingredients contains: 1000 mg of ceftriaxone and 500 mg of sulbactam. Thus, thanks to this, it is effective against infections of soft tissues, lower respiratory tract, meningitis and gonorrhea. Available for children. But there is also a bad side to innovation - this is a greater number of possible side effects, including exanthema, shortness of breath, jaundice, etc.

Pros:

• Treats a larger number of diseases (meningitis, gonorrhea, etc.)
• Available for children from infancy.

Minuses:

• More side effects
• Higher price.

A cephalosporin antibiotic, a semi-synthetic antimicrobial agent, is Cefazolin. What do these injections help with? The drug has a wide spectrum of bactericidal action. The medicine "Cefazolin" instructions for use suggests using it for therapy infectious pathologies caused by gram-negative and gram-positive pathogenic microorganisms.

Release form and composition

"Cefazolin" is available in powder form for the preparation of a solution for intramuscular or intravenous administration. Sold in bottles of 0.5, 1 and 2 g. Cefazolin sodium salt is the active component of the antibiotic (500, 1000, 2000 mg, respectively, in one bottle).

Pharmacological properties

The drug "Cefazolin", the instructions for use provide such information, is the least toxic cephalosporin antibiotic with a wide spectrum of action. It belongs to semisynthetic antimicrobial drugs from the beta-lactam group. This group of antibiotics kills pathogenic bacteria and microbes by destroying their cell walls.

According to the instructions, Cefazolin exhibits increased activity against gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms: staphylococci, diplococcus pneumoniae, enterobacteria, E. coli, salmonella, Klebsiella, Shigella, Proteus, anthrax, Haemophilus influenzae, clostridia, treponema, spirochetes, etc. The antibiotic has no effect on Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa , fungi, viruses and protozoan microorganisms.

Cefazolin injections: what does the medicine help with?

Indications for the use of Cefazolin are as follows:

• infectious skin diseases;
• blood poisoning;
• peritonitis and sepsis;
• inflammation of the lining of the heart;
• bone and joint infections;
• infectious diseases of the respiratory tract;
• venereal diseases;
• skin infections after burns, surgical interventions and wounds;
• infections of the biliary and urinary tract;
• mastitis;
• inflammation in the abdominal cavity and pelvic organs.

Why is Cefazolin still prescribed? Only a doctor knows the exact indications for the use of Cefazolin. For example, he may recommend a drug for sore throat, skin infections or blood poisoning. Injections help with blood infections, peritonitis, meningitis, and many infectious diseases.

Instructions for use

"Cefazolin" is prescribed intramuscularly, intravenously (stream or drip). The average daily dose for adults is 0.25-1 g; frequency of administration - 2-4 times a day. The maximum daily dose is 6 g (in rare cases - 12 g). Average duration treatment is 7-10 days.

To prevent postoperative infection - 1 g intravenously 0.5-1 hour before surgery, 0.5-1 g during surgery and 0.5-1 g every 8 hours during the first day after surgery. Children 1 month and older - 25-50 mg/kg per day; in case of severe infection, the dose can be increased to 100 mg/kg per day. The frequency of administration is 2-4 times a day.

Preparation of solutions for injections and infusions: 0.5 g of the drug is dissolved in 2 ml of water for injection (can be used in the case of intramuscular administration of the drug Novocain to reduce pain at the injection site), 1 g - in 4 ml of water for injection. For intravenous bolus administration, the resulting solution is diluted with 5 ml of water for injection, then administered slowly over 3-5 minutes.

For intravenous drip administration, the drug is diluted with 50-100 ml of 5% or 10% dextrose solution, 0.9% sodium chloride solution, Ringer's solution, 5% sodium bicarbonate solution. During dilution, the vials must be shaken vigorously until completely dissolved.

Contraindications

The instructions for Cefazolin indicate that the antibiotic cannot be prescribed in the following cases:

• when breastfeeding;
• during pregnancy;
• up to 1 month of age;
• with hypersensitivity to drugs from the cephalosporin group.

Side effects

According to the instructions, the use of the drug "Cefazolin" can cause the following side effects:

• allergies: urticaria, eosinophilia, itching, fever;
• local reactions: pain at the site of intramuscular injection;
• organs digestive system: diarrhea, nausea, vomiting;
• chemotherapeutic effect: candidiasis, pseudomembranous colitis.

In rare cases, there is a transient increase in the activity of liver transaminases, anaphylactic shock, arthralgia, angioedema, leukopenia (reversible), thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, renal dysfunction.

What are the analogues of the drug "Cefazolin"

Complete analogues for the active substance:

1. Anceph.
2. Zolin.
3. Ifizol.
4. Intrazolin.
5. Lysolin.
6. Kefzol.
7. Natsef.
8. Orpin.
9. Orizolin.
10. Totatsef.
11. Cefamezin.
12. Cesolin.
13. Cefazolin sodium.
14. Cefazolin Sandoz (Elfa, Biochemi, -AKOS, -Ferein).
15. Cefezol.
16. Cefopride.
17. Cefazolin sodium salt.
18. Cefaprim.

Price, holiday conditions

You can buy it with a doctor's prescription. The average price of Cefazolin, powder for preparing a solution (Moscow), is 29 rubles. In Minsk the drug costs 78 Bel. kopecks In Kyiv, the solution is sold for 50 hryvnia, in Kazakhstan - for 1200 tenge.