DMSO solution. Medicinal reference book geotar. Application of the substance Dimethyl sulfoxide

Dimethyl sulfoxide is a drug that is designed to eliminate pain signs and inflammatory reactions in the joints. The drug is available in a liquid for external use. Instructions for use Dimethyl sulfoxide includes all the necessary information for the patient. However, before using the medicine, it is still recommended to consult a specialist.

Dimethyl sulfoxide is prescribed for various pathologies muscle tissue and diarrhoea. Treatment of a specific disease is carried out in compliance with the required dosages of the drug. The drug allows you to deal with the listed ailments:

• inflammatory processes in the joints;
• signs rheumatoid arthritis;
• arthropathy;
• traumatic consequences;
• inflammatory swelling of the skin;
• nodular erythema;
• significant bruises with the manifestation of strong signs of pain;
• wounds with purulent formations.

Method of application of the drug

The drug is intended for external use. It is possible to use a solution of Dimethyl sulfoxide for washing the formed wounds or for making a compress. With the help of a compress, the affected area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe body is heated. To do this, moisten the gauze with a solution medicinal product. To create a better warming effect, a cling film or warm cloth is applied over the gauze. Contact with the solution on a healthy area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe skin is not accompanied by a negative effect.

For the treatment of ulcers on the skin should be used fifty percentage solution dimethyl sulfoxide. For its preparation, it is necessary to dilute the drug with water in a ratio of one to one. Treatment of wounds should be performed three times a day. The therapy will require 50 ml of the medicinal consistency.

To eliminate signs of pain in the muscles or joints, as well as to treat open wounds, you will need 100 ml of the solution. To do this, you need to use Dimethyl sulfoxide twice a day.

It is necessary to apply the product on the skin for a period of time from 10 to 30 minutes. The course of treatment can be from 10 to 15 procedures.

Pharmacodynamics

The medicinal components that make up the drug in question are able to quickly penetrate the skin. At the same time, they have an anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antiseptic effect on the affected area.

The entry of the first active components of the drug into the blood occurs after five minutes. The maximum concentration in the blood is observed after the passage of time from four to six hours, maintaining the achieved level for three days. The withdrawal of the components of Dimethyl sulfoxide from the body occurs naturally.

Contraindications

The use of the drug by the elderly and children under the age of nine years should be carried out with caution. The use of dimethyl sulfoxide is contraindicated when observing:

1. cardiovascular insufficiency;
2. glaucoma or cataracts;
3. period of pregnancy;
4. atherosclerosis;
5. myocardial infarction;
6. stroke
7. lactation period;
8. angina;
9. dysfunctions of the kidneys, liver;
10. comatose states.

Possible side effects

In clinical trials of the drug, possible side effects have been established. Their manifestation is associated with the individual characteristics of the human body, which does not accept individual components. medicinal solution. Possible manifestation of the following side effects:

• signs of severe itching at the site of treatment of the skin;
• dizziness;
• occasional insomnia;
• erythema;
• dermatitis;
• vomiting and nausea;
• disorders of the gastrointestinal tract;
• complications of bronchial asthma.

Overdose

Applying an excessive amount of dimethyl sulfoxide to the skin leads to an allergic reaction. It is accompanied by the formation of a rash, burns on the skin and its redness. In such situations, immediately wash the treated skin area and stop using the drug. The elimination of this symptomatology is carried out by taking antihistamines to be prescribed by a doctor.

Storage conditions

It is necessary to store Dimethyl sulfoxide at positive temperature from 16 to 25 degrees. The drug should be kept out of the reach of children. In case of accidental oral ingestion of the drug by a child, poisoning may occur. When observing a slight crystallization of the solution, it is necessary to heat it in warm water. The drug retains its properties for three years from the date of manufacture.

Interaction with other drugs

Dimethyl sulfoxide is recommended not to be combined with other types of external preparations. The components that make up the drug enhance the effect of alcohol, insulin, acetylsalicylic acid, nitroglycerin and antibiotics. Also, dimethyl sulfoxide can lead to an increase in the toxicity of certain medicines.

The complex use of the drug is acceptable in the treatment of arthritis and osteoarthritis. It is used in combination with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. During treatment various kinds skin diseases, used in conjunction with antimicrobial drugs.

special instructions

Before using the solution directly, you should check the body's response to the drug. To do this, moisten a cotton swab with a small amount of medicinal solution and apply on the back of the hand. The formation of burning or redness of the skin indicates hypersensitivity of the skin to the components of the drug. In this case, the use of the drug is prohibited.

Some people may not be able to tolerate the smell of DMSO, resulting in nausea and vomiting.

Price

Dimethyl sulfoxide is sold in any pharmacy without a doctor's prescription. The average cost of a medicine is 80-120 rubles.

Formula: c2h6os, chemical name: Sulfinylbis[methane].
Pharmacological group: organotropic agents / dermatotropic agents.
Pharmachologic effect: anti-inflammatory.

Pharmacological properties

Dimethyl sulfoxide has a local anti-inflammatory, local anesthetic, fibrinolytic and antimicrobial (antiseptic) effect. Dimethyl sulfoxide passes well and quickly through biological membranes, including mucous membranes and skin, increasing their permeability to other drugs. Dimethyl sulfoxide changes the sensitivity of microflora that is resistant to antibiotics. In many cases, dimethyl sulfoxide is used together with other drugs (after applying dimethyl sulfoxide to the skin or dissolving in dimethyl sulfoxide) for deeper and better penetration into tissues (for example, with glucocorticoids for eczema, with heparin for thrombophlebitis, with antimicrobial agents for erysipelas, furunculosis , acne and other combinations).

Indications

Rheumatoid arthritis, deforming osteoarthritis, Bechterew's disease, reactive synovitis, scleroderma, sciatica, erythema nodosum, erysipelas, discoid lupus erythematosus, sprains, bruises, inflammatory edema, purulent wounds, infiltrates (including traumatic), burns, thrombophlebitis, trophic ulcers, eczema, pustular skin pathology (furunculosis, pyoderma - in the composition complex treatment), acne, in skin-plastic surgery for preservation of skin homografts, in dentistry - inflammatory diseases salivary glands, maxillofacial region, periodontitis, periodontitis, pulpitis, arthrosis and arthritis of the temporomandibular joint.

Method of application of dimethyl sulfoxide and dose

Dimethyl sulfoxide is used in the form of applications on the skin. Moisten wipes in a solution of the required concentration (usually 50% solution, and for highly sensitive areas (facial skin and other areas) use 10-30% solution) and apply to the affected area for 10-30 minutes 1 time per day; napkins are covered with plastic wrap, and linen or cotton fabric is applied on top. The course of therapy is 10 - 15 procedures.
With the development allergic reactions dimethyl sulfoxide requires the use of antihistamines. To assess individual tolerance, a drug test is performed: a solution of dimethyl sulfoxide is applied to the skin with a cotton swab, the appearance of severe itching and redness indicates increased sensitivity. Some patients do not tolerate the smell of dimethyl sulfoxide with the development of nausea and vomiting.

Contraindications for use

Hypersensitivity, myocardial infarction, severe renal or/and liver failure, angina pectoris, glaucoma, severe atherosclerosis, cataract, coma, stroke, breastfeeding, pregnancy.

Application restrictions

Age up to 18 years (safety and effectiveness of use have not been established).

Use during pregnancy and lactation

The use of dimethyl sulfoxide is contraindicated during pregnancy and lactation.

Side effects of dimethyl sulfoxide

Itchy dermatitis, dry skin, skin rashes, itching, slight burning sensation, bronchospasm.

Interaction of dimethyl sulfoxide with other substances

Dimethyl sulfoxide is compatible with antibacterial drugs, heparin, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Dimethyl sulfoxide increases absorption and enhances the effect of other co-applied drugs. Dimethyl sulfoxide increases the sensitivity of microorganisms to beta-lactam and aminoglycoside antibiotics, rifampicin, chloramphenicol, griseofulvin.

It was first synthesized in 1866 by Russian chemist Alexander Zaitsev by oxidizing dimethyl sulfide with nitric acid. Over the next few decades, research on the properties of this compound was not systematic. Interest in dimethyl sulfoxide greatly increased after its unique dissolving power was discovered in 1958. In 1960, industrial production of dimethyl sulfoxide was started. After that, the number of publications devoted to the study of the properties of DMSO increased dramatically.

Receipt

The main way to obtain DMSO is the oxidation of dimethyl sulfide. In industry, this process is carried out using nitric acid. DMSO is a by-product of the pulp and paper industry. The annual production of DMSO is measured in tens of thousands of tons.

Under laboratory conditions, for mild and selective oxidation of dimethyl sulfide, potassium periodate can be used in an organic solvent-water system. However, laboratory methods for obtaining DMSO are of no practical importance. This is due to the inconvenience of working with dimethyl sulfide, as well as the low commercial cost of the finished solvent.

Physical and chemical properties

DMSO is a viscous colorless liquid with a characteristic odor. When mixed with water, it gets very hot. Reacts with methyl iodide to form a sulfoxonium ion capable of reacting with sodium hydride.

Application

Use as a solvent

DMSO is an important bipolar aprotic solvent. It is less toxic than other members of this group such as dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, HMPTA. Due to its strong solvent power, DMSO is often used as a solvent in chemical reactions with the participation of inorganic salts, in particular in nucleophilic substitution reactions. The acidic properties of DMSO are weak, so it has become an important solvent in the chemistry of carboanions. Non-aqueous pKa values ​​have been measured in DMSO for hundreds of organic compounds.

Due to its high boiling point, DMSO evaporates extremely slowly at normal atmospheric pressure. This makes it a very convenient solvent for carrying out reactions when heated. At the same time quite heat melting limits its application in the field low temperatures. After carrying out the reaction in a DMSO solution, the reaction mixtures are most often diluted with water to precipitate organic substances.

The deuterated form of DMSO, also known as DMSO-d6, is a convenient solvent for NMR spectroscopy due to its high solubility for a wide range of substances, the simplicity of its own spectrum, and its high temperature stability. The disadvantage of DMSO-d6 as a solvent for NMR spectroscopy is its high viscosity, which broadens the signals in the spectrum, and high boiling point, which makes it difficult to recover the substance after analysis. Often DMSO-d6 is mixed with CDCl 3 or CD 2 Cl 2 to reduce viscosity and melting point.

DMSO is finding more and more applications in microelectronics manufacturing.

DMSO is more effective and safer than gasoline or dichloromethane as a paint stain remover.

Application in biology

DMSO is also used as a cryoprotectant. It is added to the cell medium to prevent damage to cells when they are frozen. Approximately 10% DMSO can be used to safely cool cells as well as to store them at liquid nitrogen temperature.

Application in medicine

As a medicine, purified dimethyl sulfoxide is used in the form of aqueous solutions (10-50%), as a local anti-inflammatory and analgesic agent, and also as part of ointments - to increase the transdermal transfer of active substances, since it penetrates the skin and transfers other substances in a few seconds. Tradename drug - "Dimexide".

Application in military affairs

Due to its ability to drastically enhance transdermal transport, dimethyl sulfoxide has been considered as a component of chemical weapons. The aim was to achieve a high rate of penetration of agents into the body by mixing agents (especially those with a pronounced skin-resorptive effect) and dimethyl sulfoxide. So, one drop of a substance mixed with dimethyl sulfoxide (that is, a smaller dose) causes the death of an experimental animal twice as fast as the same drop of pure OM. (The Dick Francis detective "Pre-Ride" describes the formulation of a poisonous, skin-penetrating compound that contains dimethyl sulfoxide as one of its ingredients.)

cleaning

In addition to the admixture of water, dimethyl sulfoxide can also contain dimethyl sulfide and sulfones. These impurities are removed by keeping DMSO for 12 hours over barium oxide, sodium hydroxide, drierite, or fresh activated alumina. After that, the substance is distilled under reduced pressure (~2-4 mm Hg, boiling point approximately 50

transparent, colorless, hygroscopic liquid or colorless crystals, odorless, or with a slight specific hygroscopic odor;

Composition

1 bottle contains dimethyl sulfoxide 50 or 100 ml.

Release form

Liquid for external use.

Pharmacological group

Topical agents for joint and muscle pain. ATC code M02A X03.

Pharmacological properties"type="checkbox">

Pharmacological properties

Pharmacological. Dimethyl sulfoxide has the ability to penetrate biological membranes, including skin barriers, thus exhibiting its specific effects, which include anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antiseptic, fibrinolytic. The drug enhances the penetration through intact skin and mucous membranes of drugs (transporting ability). There is evidence that the drug restores the action of antibiotics on resistant or insensitive strains of bacteria.

Pharmacokinetics. When applying a solution (90%) of dimethyl sulfoxide to the skin, it is detected in the blood after 5 minutes, reaching a maximum concentration after 4-6 hours, maintaining an almost unchanged level for 1.5-3 days. Partially metabolized in the liver, excreted in the urine and feces both unchanged and in the form of dimethyl sulfone.

Indications

Inflammatory diseases of the musculoskeletal system (rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, deforming osteoarthrosis, arthropathy, sprain), strokes, traumatic infiltrates, inflammatory edema, purulent wounds, abscesses, acute and chronic osteomyelitis, erythema nodosum, streptoderma.

In combination with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in complex therapy deforming osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, in combination with local antimicrobial agents - for the treatment of scleroderma, acne, erysipelas of the skin, furunculosis, eczema, trophic ulcers, in combination with heparin - for thrombophlebitis. It is also used in skin plastic surgery, for the preservation of skin homotransplants.

Dosage and administration

Apply in the form of aqueous solutions (30 - 50% concentration) for compresses, tampons and washes. Gauze pads moistened with a solution of dimethyl sulfoxide are applied to the affected areas, including adjacent healthy areas of the skin. A polyethylene film and cotton or linen fabric are applied over the napkin.

In the treatment of erysipelas and trophic ulcers, the drug is used in the form of a 30-50% aqueous solution of 50-100 ml 2-3 times a day. For eczema, diffuse streptoderma, compresses with a 40 - 90% solution of the drug are recommended,

furunculosis - 40% solution. For local anesthesia recommend 25 - 50% solution for compresses 100 - 150 ml 2 - 3 times a day. In the treatment of deep burns, dressings with a 20-30% solution of the drug are used (if necessary, in a dose of up to 500 ml). 10 - 20 - 30% solutions of the drug are used for washing purulent-necrotic wounds, cavities and areas of inflammation.

In skin plastic surgery, dressings with a 20-30% solution of the drug are used on autologous and homografts immediately after the operation and in the following days until the graft is firmly engrafted. As a preservative medium for storing skin homografts, a 5% solution of dimethyl sulfoxide in Ringer's solution is used.

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Side effect

Erythema, itching, dizziness, insomnia, weakness, dermatitis, diarrhea may occur. In some cases, when hypersensitivity to dimethyl sulfoxide observed nausea, vomiting, bronchospasm.

Contraindications

Dimethyl sulfoxide is contraindicated in severe cardiovascular insufficiency and atherosclerosis, angina pectoris, stroke, coma, impaired kidney and liver function, during pregnancy, lactation, glaucoma, cataracts.

Overdose

An overdose of the drug can cause allergic reactions and increase the manifestations of side effects, which requires the appointment of antihistamines and the abolition of dimethyl sulfoxide.

Application features

Due to the possible individual intolerance to dimethyl sulfoxide, it is recommended to conduct a test: the drug is applied to the skin with a moistened cotton swab. Sharp hyperemia or itching are a contraindication for the use of dimethyl sulfoxide. At the time of treatment should stop breastfeeding.

Be wary appoint elderly patients, children under 7 years.

Consideration should be given to the enhancement of both the specific activity and toxicity of drugs by the drug.

General characteristics:
international generic name: Dimethylsulfoxidum;
main physiochemical properties: colorless liquid or colorless crystals. Hygroscopic.

composition:
active substance: dimethyl sulfoxide not less than 99%.

Release form. Liquid for external use.

Pharmacotherapeutic group.
Means applied topically for joint and muscle pain. ATC code: M02A X03.

pharmacological properties.
Pharmacodynamics. Dimethyl sulfoxide penetrates well through biological membranes, including through the skin, and exhibits transport properties, facilitating the penetration of drugs through the skin and mucous membranes. It has anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antiseptic and fibrinolytic action. The drug is able to restore the antimicrobial activity of antibiotics relatively resistant or weakly sensitive to them strains of bacteria.

Pharmacokinetics. When applying a solution (90%) of dimethyl sulfoxide to the skin, it is determined in the blood after 5 minutes, reaching a maximum concentration after 4-6 hours, maintaining an almost unchanged level for 1.5-3 days. Dimethyl sulfoxide is excreted in the urine and feces both unchanged and in the form of dimethyl sulfone.

Indications for use. Dimethyl sulfoxide is prescribed for the treatment inflammatory diseases musculoskeletal system (rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, deforming osteoarthrosis, arthropathy), with bruises, sprains, traumatic infiltrates, inflammatory edema, festering wounds, abscesses, acute and chronic osteomyelitis, in the treatment of erythema nodosa, streptoderma, acne, erysipelas, furunculosis, folliculitis and thrombophlebitis.

Dosage and administration. Dimethyl sulfoxide is applied externally in the form of applications and irrigations (washings), as a rule, in aqueous solutions (30-50%) for tampons, compresses. The compress is applied to the affected areas, capturing the adjacent healthy skin. A solution of dimethyl sulfoxide is moistened with gauze wipes, which are applied to the affected areas once a day for 20-30 minutes. A polyethylene film and a linen or woolen cloth are applied over the napkin. The course of treatment is 10-15 days.

In the treatment of erysipelas and trophic ulcers, the drug is used in the form of a 30-50% aqueous solution of 50-100 ml 2-3 times a day. For eczema, diffusion streptoderma, compresses with 40-90% aqueous solution dimethyl sulfoxide. For pustular skin diseases, a 40% solution is used.

In the treatment of deep burns, bandages with a 20-30% solution of dimethyl sulfoxide are used (if necessary, in a dose of up to 500 ml). In skin plastic surgery, dressings with a 20-30% solution of the drug are used. To preserve skin homografts, a 5% solution of dimethyl sulfoxide in Ringer's solution is used.

Side effect. Dimethyl sulfoxide is usually well tolerated, but some patients may experience erythema, itching, dizziness, insomnia, weakness, dermatitis, diarrhea. In some cases, with poor tolerance to dimethyl sulfoxide, nausea, vomiting, and bronchospasm are observed.

Contraindications. Dimethyl sulfoxide is contraindicated in severe cardiovascular insufficiency and atherosclerosis, angina pectoris, impaired kidney and liver function, stroke, coma, pregnancy, during lactation (during treatment, breastfeeding should be stopped), glaucoma, cataracts.

Overdose. With an overdose, signs of side effects increase.

Caveats. With caution, the drug is prescribed to elderly patients and children under the age of 9 years.

Dimethyl sulfoxide can be used in combination with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the complex therapy of deforming osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, in combination with local antimicrobial agents (synthomycin liniment) - for the treatment of streptoderma, acne, erysipelas, furunculosis, folliculitis and other skin diseases, in combination with heparin - with thrombophlebitis.

To avoid the use of the drug in case of individual intolerance to dimethyl sulfoxide, it is recommended to conduct a tolerance test: the drug of the required concentration is applied to the skin with a cotton swab. Sharp hyperemia or itching is a contraindication for the use of dimethyl sulfoxide. At temperatures below 18°C, crystallization of dimethyl sulfoxide is possible, which does not affect the quality of the drug. To melt the crystals, carefully heat the bottle with the drug in a water bath (water temperature is about 60 ° C).

Interaction with other drugs. Dimethyl sulfoxide enhances the effect of ethanol (alcohol inhibits the excretion of the drug) and insulin, acetylsalicylic acid, butadione; preparations of digitalis, quinidine, nitroglycerin, antibiotics (streptomycin, monomycin, etc.), sensitizes the body to drugs for anesthesia. Consideration should be given to enhancing the drug, both the specific activity and toxicity of drugs.

Storage conditions.
At temperatures from 15 ° C to 25 ° C, in a place protected from light.

Expiry date of the drug 3 years.
Do not use after the expiration date!

Holiday conditions. Without a doctor's prescription.

Package. 50 ml in dark glass bottles with an investment in a pack.

Manufacturer. SE “Agrofirma “Yan”, PE “Yan”.

The address. Ukraine, 13643, Zhytomyr region, Ruzhinsky district, s. Nemyrinians,
st. Dzerzhinsky, 58.