The first symptoms of high sugar. Dry mouth and thirst (polydipsia). Causes and possible diseases

Low blood sugar is a phenomenon that often occurs in women in adulthood and old age. Blood is an important body fluid and has many functions. The condition of the blood must be constantly monitored.

If women have an increased level of white blood cells or proteins, this indicates the appearance of certain diseases. One of the most important indicators is the level of glucose in the blood. Sugar appears in the blood along with food.

Low sugar levels primarily harm the brain. This organ does not receive the necessary nourishment, and rapid fatigue begins. After some time, the woman experiences fainting and other serious consequences.

Causes of low blood sugar

In medicine, the accepted standard for fasting blood sugar is 3.3 - 5.5 mmol/l. Diabetes is a condition in which the glucose level exceeds 6.7 mmol/l.

Low blood glucose levels can occur not only in diabetics. It can also be characteristic of children and healthy adults. In these cases, there are two types of hypoglycemia:

on an empty stomach (a person does not eat for 8 hours or more),
response hypoglycemia (2-4 hours after eating).

Low blood sugar can occur due to:

poor nutrition with long periods of eating,
physical activity when eating a low calorie diet,
consumption of flour and sweet products,
smoking and drinking alcohol,
pancreatic tumors.

Hypoglycemia may occur on an empty stomach due to:

taking certain medications,
prolonged fasting, malnutrition or dehydration,
unhealthy food,
malfunctions of the pancreas and liver,
some types of malignant tumors,
obesity,
the body's response to insulin,
early diabetes mellitus,
renal and heart failure,
during pregnancy early age,
strong physical activity,
interventions on the gastrointestinal tract,
idiopathic diseases,
malfunction of some hormones,
reactions to acetylsalicylic acid in children,
ailments that provoke excessive sugar consumption,
taking beta blockers along with intense physical activity.

Symptoms of low blood glucose in women

Sugar level

Low blood sugar and its symptoms in women have been studied by medicine for many years. Today, the characteristic symptoms of low sugar are known:

excessive sweating,
pale skin,
trembling,
muscle hypertonicity,
anxiety and aggression,
tachycardia,
high blood pressure.
mydriasis,

Among women low sugar in the blood show parasympathetic symptoms:

general weakness of the body,
nausea with vomiting,
vague feeling of hunger.

Neuroglycopenic causes:

dizziness and moderate pain,
fainting,
impaired consciousness and amnesia,
systemic and focal neurological symptoms,
in some cases, decreased adequacy.

Due to low blood sugar, diplopia and paresthesia are observed in some cases.

In some cases, the symptoms are mild and people do not feel severe fatigue and explain their condition by the stressful rhythm of life. In these cases, drowsiness on rest days may be a signal of pathology.

Such signs of low blood sugar in women are most often observed. Symptoms may vary from person to person. If all the signs are present and they recur daily, you should immediately visit a doctor.

He will order research, identify individual normal indicator blood sugar and prevent further development of pathology.

Blood sugar measurement

There are currently several ways to measure blood sugar. When a person experiences the symptoms listed above, they should check their glucose levels. This can be done using a fasting test and a test after glucose administration.

Another popular test is the glucose tolerance test. During the study, several grams of glucose are obtained, which is dissolved in water. After a few hours, the laboratory technician should draw the blood.

The best results can be obtained by performing two studies at once. A person should adhere to certain dietary restrictions before taking the test. Smoking, drinking alcohol and eating fried foods is prohibited.

Blood is drawn on an empty stomach in the morning, and a few minutes later the person is given a solution with glucose. After a couple of hours, blood is drawn again.

Treatment for low blood sugar

If you notice that your sugar begins to drop, you should immediately consult your doctor.

Signs of low blood sugar in women should not be ignored. It is important to immediately consult a doctor, who should determine the components of a special diet. Complex treatment is the main condition for solving the problem.

When the reason for low sugar levels is the presence of diabetes mellitus, you should begin treating this particular disease by adjusting your usual lifestyle. It is important to systematically measure your sugar and eat only foods that are approved for your illness.

Treatment may include the use of products that contain glucose. If a person is in a hypoglycemic coma, an ambulance should be called immediately. In many cases, the introduction of drugs that normalize insulin production is indicated.

Low sugar levels can also be caused by tumors in the pancreas. In this case, the doctor prescribes surgery to eliminate the tumor. If the tumor is benign, then surgery has a favorable prognosis, and the person successfully gets rid of the problem.

Any medications should not be used without first consulting a doctor. Only he selects the necessary funds and prescribes inpatient treatment.

If your sugar level is low, you should not self-medicate.

Nutrition and diet for low blood sugar

If there is a low glucose level, the endocrinologist will prescribe an individual diet, taking into account the severity of the situation, the presence of a certain type of diabetes and the current condition of the person.

Need to increase consumption complex carbohydrates, by using:

vegetables, vegetables
durum wheat pasta,
whole grain bread.

It is necessary to exclude alcoholic drinks from the diet, semolina porridge, baked goods, fatty soups and all types of animal fats. It is also not recommended to eat mustard, pepper, spices and smoked foods. It is worth limiting the amount of honey, sweets, juices and cookies.

It is important to eat portioned and fractionally, up to five times a day. You should remember the importance of protein foods with a minimum of fat. You need to eat more foods with a lot of fiber, it slows down the absorption of glucose. Best options peas, corn and jacket potatoes are considered.

It is imperative to include fresh and dried fruits in the menu, but with a small sugar content.

You need to choose low-fat, protein-rich foods:

chicken and rabbit meat,
fish,
beans.

You should limit your caffeine intake, which stimulates the development process. Carbonated drinks should be replaced with mineral water without gas.

Get protein necessary for the body, can be made from nuts and low-fat dairy products.

What to do if you experience symptoms of low blood sugar

If symptoms of a lack of glucose in the blood are detected, but the causes are still unknown, there are several basic recommendations.

First of all, you should eat well, using foods with carbohydrates. You should not overuse sweets, as they will first lead to an increase in glucose, and then to its sharp drop.

You can use a special device - which will allow you to measure blood sugar daily.

It is important to remember that only a qualified doctor will be able to determine the causes of the pathology and prescribe the correct treatment strategy based on the individual characteristics of the woman.

Hypoglycemia can be treated quite easily if you consult a doctor in a timely manner and all medical recommendations are followed correctly. If a person ignores the rules of treatment, then a lack of glucose can lead to irreversible processes in the body and serious complications.

Symptoms of hypoglycemia in women are dangerous to ignore or treat the condition on your own.

An expert will talk about the symptoms and treatment of hypoglycemia in the video in this article.

All carbohydrates that come from food are broken down into glucose. Subsequently, it is absorbed under the influence of insulin and provides the body with the necessary energy. In normal conditions, blood sugar levels range from 3.5–5.5 mmol/l. In men, this value can rise to 5.8 mmol/l.

In certain diseases, the pancreas stops producing insulin and glucose levels rise. This condition is called hyperglycemia and can lead to serious consequences.

Causes of high blood sugar

Blood glucose levels may fluctuate due to pathologies internal organs and the impact of external factors.

Among somatic diseases Diabetes mellitus occupies the main place. Elevated blood sugar is the main symptom of this disease. Another pathology that leads to a constant increase in glucose is obesity. Chronic diseases liver and kidney problems can also cause high blood sugar levels.

Often a hereditary predisposition becomes a predisposing factor. If the patient has relatives with diabetes, he should regularly check his blood glucose levels.

High sugar levels can be caused by autoimmune diseases. The body begins to mistake its own cells for foreign ones, as a result of which the process of their destruction begins. First of all, this applies to the glandular tissues that make up the pancreas.

Another one common reason high sugar in the blood – acute circulatory disorder. The pathology affects the nutrition of all organs, including those that ensure the correct balance of all biochemical parameters.

A temporary increase in glucose levels can be triggered by a violation of the diet (eating large amounts of sweets), severe psycho-emotional stress, severe pain syndrome, taking some medicines(diuretics, glucocorticosteroids, oral contraceptives).

In women, high blood sugar is often diagnosed during pregnancy. During this period, hormones begin to be produced that provoke the release of glucose into the blood. But at the same time, they are antagonists of insulin, and it becomes insufficient to break down excess carbohydrates. Thus, gestational diabetes develops. Predisposing factors are excess body weight, genetic predisposition, late pregnancy.

High blood sugar can occur not only in adults, but also in children. In newborns, in the vast majority of cases, this is due to intravenous administration large doses of glucose. Elevated blood sugar is especially common in premature babies with low body weight. Another reason is the lack of the hormone responsible for the breakdown of proinsulin. In some cases, insulin resistance is observed.

In children of preschool and school age, high blood sugar is often associated with malnutrition, stress and chronic infectious diseases. Most often after elimination possible reasons glucose levels return to normal.

During the period of active growth of the child, endogenous counter-insulin hormones begin to be produced. They provoke a decrease in insulin synthesis, which causes periodic fluctuations in glucose levels.

Diabetes mellitus, the main cause of high blood sugar, is rare. At the same time, only type I diabetes is diagnosed in children - insulin-dependent.

If you have high blood sugar, your diet should include eggs, lean meat and fish, fermented milk products, rye bread, vegetables, rice, oatmeal and buckwheat.

Symptoms of high blood sugar

The main symptom of high blood sugar is extreme thirst and hunger. When glucose levels are high, the kidneys begin to work actively, leading to the removal of fluid and, as a result, dehydration of the body. In this case, there is frequent urination and constant thirst.

Hunger develops due to insufficiency of insulin, which processes carbohydrates into glucose. Due to increased appetite, weight gain begins. Therefore, sudden weight gain can also be a symptom of high blood sugar.

Due to frequent urination, pathogenic microflora begins to multiply in the genital area, resulting in severe itching of the genitals. At further development process in men, inflammation of the foreskin develops, and in women, vulvovaginitis.

Itching is noted not only in the genital area. Patients suffering from high blood sugar complain of severe itching of the skin.

When glucose levels are high, electrolyte balance is disrupted. Due to frequent urination, essential microelements are washed away. This leads to cramps in the calf muscles and disruption of the cardiovascular system.

Another characteristic symptom high blood sugar – prolonged healing of scratches and minor damage skin. This is especially dangerous if surgery is necessary. In people with high glucose levels, wounds take a very long time to heal, increasing the risk of developing postoperative complications, the body’s recovery is slow.

With elevated sugar levels, it worsens and general health. Glucose is not absorbed, therefore, the energy required for the normal functioning of the body decreases. Patients begin to complain of loss of strength, weakness, and drowsiness.

Behavior also changes. Due to constant poor health and poorly healing wounds, irritability appears. Strong itchy skin Insomnia is provoked, resulting in a feeling of chronic fatigue.

Consequences of high blood sugar

The main danger with high blood sugar is damage to the blood vessels that supply organs and tissues. The eyes, kidneys and limbs are primarily affected.

When the nutrition of the retina of the eye is disrupted, its detachment begins. Atrophy subsequently develops optic nerve. In the absence of the necessary treatment, as well as in the case of severe diabetes mellitus, glaucoma is diagnosed. In some cases, complete blindness may develop.

With a high level of sugar in the blood, the vessels of the kidneys are injured and the integrity of their capillaries is compromised. Removing fluid from the body becomes difficult, swelling appears. In the case of a severe process, not only the body’s waste products, but also the proteins it needs, begin to be excreted in the urine, which can cause kidney failure.

In case of vascular damage lower limbs tissue nutrition is disrupted, which leads to the development of non-healing ulcers, and subsequently necrosis and gangrene. In severe cases, amputation of the limb is performed to prevent the spread of the pathological process to the entire body.

Treatment for high blood sugar

What to do if the examination reveals a high level of glucose in the blood is decided only by specialists. Endocrinologists treat diabetes mellitus.

Therapy for high blood sugar involves eliminating the cause of this condition. In most cases, after treatment of concomitant pathologies, the glucose value returns to normal.

If diabetes mellitus has been diagnosed, then for type I, insulin injections are prescribed, for type II - oral administration of glucose-lowering drugs.

A special diet is of great importance in correcting blood glucose levels. It includes the concept of a bread unit, which corresponds to 10 g of carbohydrates. There are special tables designed for diabetics. They describe the correspondence between main products and grain units.

Sweets, sugar, white bread and flour products, and certain cereals are excluded from the diet. In this case, the diet should be balanced and contain the necessary microelements and fatty acids. Fatty meat and fish, smoked foods, milk, sweet fruits and berries are prohibited.

It is advisable to eat in small portions. There should be 5-6 meals per day. This way carbohydrates are better absorbed, which has a positive effect on fluctuations in glucose levels.

With elevated sugar levels, your overall health also worsens. Glucose is not absorbed, therefore, the energy required for the normal functioning of the body decreases.

If you have high blood sugar, your diet should include eggs, lean meat and fish, fermented milk products, rye bread, vegetables, rice, oatmeal and buckwheat. As for fruits, it is recommended to give preference to green apples, blueberries, cranberries, quinces and lemons. For cooking, it is better to use flaxseed or rapeseed oil.

There is also a certain number of products containing a minimum amount of carbohydrates. They cannot lower blood sugar levels, but their consumption practically does not increase glucose levels. First of all, these are seafood - crabs, lobsters and lobsters. Soy cheeses, greens, mushrooms, nuts and legumes are considered low-glycemic.

Very often, people suffering from diabetes use sugar substitutes instead. Many endocrinologists categorically do not recommend doing this. Sweeteners are very high in calories and can cause an increase in glucose levels. It is better to completely replace sugar with permitted fruits.

Preventing high blood sugar

Glucose levels rise in the presence of predisposing factors and poor lifestyle. In order to avoid the development of a pathological condition, it is necessary to follow certain preventive measures.

If you are overweight, following a low-calorie diet is recommended, since obesity is one of the risk factors for high blood sugar.

Nutrition should be balanced, satisfying the body's need for micronutrients. Fast food, sweets, and carbonated drinks are completely excluded. Salt, sugar and animal fats are kept to a minimum. As for drinks, it is better to give preference to herbal teas and permitted juices.

Of great importance healthy image life. It is recommended to completely avoid bad habits. Smoking is often a trigger for high blood sugar.

Moderate physical activity is required. Swimming, walking, and performing simple exercises improves blood circulation, which improves nutrition of tissues and organs.

Following these simple rules will help you avoid increasing blood glucose levels and maintain your health for a long time.

Video from YouTube on the topic of the article:

High glucose levels are a signal of an approaching disease - diabetes. It is important for each of us to know the signs of high blood sugar in order to begin treatment on time and prevent serious complications of the disease.

Normal sugar level

The normal blood glucose level for people of any age ranges from 3.3 mmol/l to 5.5 mmol/l. If the level is from 5.5 to 6 mmol/l, then we are talking about prediabetes. If the glucose level is 6.1 mmol/l or higher, then a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus is made.

Signs of High Glucose Levels

In general, the symptoms of diabetes are similar for most patients, although they may differ depending on age and duration of the disease. As a rule, the first signs of high sugar are as follows:

Dry mouth is one of the classical manifestations diabetes
Polydipsia and polyuria. Extreme thirst and passing a large volume of urine are the most typical symptoms of high sugar levels. Thirst is the body's signal to replenish lost water to avoid dehydration. The kidneys, in turn, filter excess glucose, releasing increased amount urine.

Fatigue and weakness. Sugar does not reach the cells, remaining in the blood, so muscle tissue lacks energy to be active.
Poor healing of scratches, wounds, abrasions, cuts. It is important to avoid breaks in the skin as they are prone to infection, which creates further problems.
Increase or decrease in body weight.
The characteristic signs of diabetes are skin diseases and genital infections that cause itching. This could be furunculosis, candidiasis, colpitis, inflammation urinary tract and urethra.
Body odor of acetone. This manifestation is typical for very high level Sahara. This is a signal of diabetic ketoacidosis, a life-threatening condition.

One of the most characteristic features high sugar means constant strong thirst.

Later, the patient develops the following symptoms of high sugar:

Maculopathy and diabetic retinopathy – eye diseases characterized by visual impairment. Retinopathy, which affects the blood vessels in the eyes, is the leading cause of blindness in adults with diabetes.
Bleeding gums, loose teeth.
Decreased sensitivity in the extremities: tingling, numbness, goosebumps, changes in pain and temperature sensitivity on the hands and feet.

Digestive problems: diarrhea or constipation, abdominal pain, fecal incontinence, difficulty swallowing.
Swelling of the extremities as a result of retention and accumulation of fluid in the body. Such signs more often appear when diabetes is combined with arterial hypertension.
Manifestations of high sugar include chronic renal failure, protein in the urine and other kidney disorders.
Diseases of the heart and blood vessels.
Erectile dysfunction, frequent infectious diseases urinary tract.
Decreased intelligence and memory.

With a slight increase in sugar, signs may be mild or absent. Often, patients suffering from type 2 diabetes have no complaints and are not aware of their condition. The diagnosis may be made accidentally, during examination or treatment for another reason.

Why do blood glucose levels increase?

The reasons for high sugar levels are varied. The most common of them is diabetes mellitus type 1 or 2. In addition to this, you can name a few more:

stressful situations;
the presence in the diet of foods with fast, that is, easily digestible carbohydrates;
infectious diseases severe course.

Eating with high sugar

Diet for high blood glucose is an important component of treatment. It is necessary to follow the basic principles of nutrition:

eat regularly, in small portions, 5-6 times a day, at the same hours;
drink at least 1-2 liters of liquid per day;
products must include all substances necessary for life;
you need food rich in fiber;
vegetables should be eaten daily;
avoid salty foods;
give up alcoholic drinks.

You should eat foods that do not increase blood glucose levels and are non-caloric. Among them:

lean dietary meat;
lean fish;
dairy products;
buckwheat, rice, oatmeal;
Rye bread;
eggs (no more than two per day);
peas, beans;
vegetables: eggplants, red and green peppers, radishes, cabbage, radishes, onions, greens,
garlic, celery, cucumbers, spinach, lettuce, tomatoes, green peas;
fruits and berries: apples, pears, blueberries, cranberries, rowan berries, lingonberries, quince, lemons.

Preference should be given to fats plant origin, replace sugar with honey and sweeteners. Food is best steamed, baked, stewed and boiled.

Foods you shouldn't eat

If you have high blood sugar, you should avoid foods such as:

flour, butter and confectionery products: cakes, pastries, sweets, ice cream,
pies, jam, sweet carbonated drinks, pasta, sugar;
fatty meat and fish, sausages, smoked meats, lard, canned food;
dairy products: full-fat cheese, cream, sour cream, full-fat cottage cheese;
mayonnaise;
sweet fruits and dried fruits: figs, grapes, raisins.

Doctors do not consider diabetes mellitus a death sentence, despite the fact that it is an incurable disease. If you detect early signs of high blood sugar, you can immediately begin to correct your condition and learn to live with it. This will avoid or significantly delay the development of severe complications and consequences such as blindness, gangrene, amputation of the lower extremities, nephropathy

Source

lalalady.ru

Elevated blood sugar is considered dangerous symptom in women, since this indicates the occurrence of several possible processes that negatively affect the body. The reasons may be different, and the development of each of them will lead to sad consequences. However, many do not even suspect that they are sick.

Causes of high blood sugar in women

There are several main reasons why glucose levels change:

diabetes;
binge eating;
constant stress;
infectious diseases.

In diabetes mellitus, hyperglycemia is a long-term process and affects all organs.

Symptoms of high blood sugar in women

There are several main symptoms that can help you notice problems in the body:

Important to remember

If symptoms are detected in women that appear with high blood sugar, it is advisable to immediately undergo all necessary examinations. They will show exactly what is happening in the body. In any case, it is advisable to maintain glucose at a constant level. This is even possible for people diagnosed with level 1 and 2 diabetes. It is recommended to be tested for sugar levels at least once every three years.

womanadvice.ru

Causes of high blood sugar

In men

High blood sugar can occur:

Due to impaired functionality of the pancreas. This happens if it does not produce enough insulin and glucagon.
In this regard, glucose levels increase and disruptions in metabolic processes occur.
This in turn leads to a violation hormonal levels. Organs that depend on the functioning of blood vessels can also be affected.
With insufficient insulin production, men experience type 1 diabetes.
The independent type of this disease occurs if the amount of insulin is normal, but the cells do not respond to it.

Among women

This problem often occurs during pregnancy. Then gestational diabetes mellitus occurs. It occurs rarely, but is still possible.
Some contraceptives and diuretics cause an increase in blood sugar.
Diseases of the liver, thyroid gland, and pancreas very often lead to increased blood sugar. For example, diffuse changes liver and thyroid gland influence the increase in sugar.
Foods with a lot of carbohydrates.
If women do not engage in physical activity.
Bad habits: smoking and alcoholism.
Frequent stress and nervous situations lead to increased blood glucose levels.
Premenstrual symptom.

In children

At an early age, sugar deficiency most often occurs, which can easily be rationed.
Diabetes mellitus often leads to this. Children get it of different ages. Mainly the first type of disease.
The presence of liver, pancreas and thyroid diseases also affects this.
The presence of various tumors, especially the adrenal glands, contribute to excessive production of adrenaline and cortisol. These indicators affect the increase in blood sugar.
Frequent stressful situations.

What can cause blood sugar to rise in the short term?

Causes of a short-term increase in blood sugar:

Excessive physical activity;
Severe stress;
Increased body temperature due to viral or bacterial diseases, colds;
Prolonged pain syndrome;
Complex burns;
Epilepsy attack.

Treatment

First of all, treatment is prescribed to lower blood sugar. Diabetes mellitus is treated with medications.

First type of this disease treated:

Insulin, proper nutrition and diet.
Insulin is used throughout life in the form of injections.
The dose and medications are prescribed by the attending physician, who monitors the patient’s condition.

The second type of diabetes is treated:

Using pills that lower blood sugar levels.

Treatment with folk remedies:

Chicory. It contains insulin, which affects the normalization of blood circulation, which gives a person energy. Chicory is taken as a drink.
Bean pods. Dry bean pods are poured with boiling water and left to steep overnight. Throughout the day you need to drink about 200 ml of this decoction.

Walnut partitions. They have a lot useful properties, including lowering blood sugar levels. To prepare the tincture, you need to pour 50 grams of partitions with a glass of boiling water. Leave for a maximum of half an hour, and then strain and drink 1 tbsp. before every meal.
Burdock. This plant also has many beneficial substances. In this case, juice from its root or decoction is suitable. The root of this plant contains inulin, which helps lower blood sugar.
Blueberry. In this case, you will need not berries, but leaves. Prepare the infusion in the same way as from walnut partitions.

Physical training:

Can be done on the recommendation of a doctor;
A little exercise can help you lose weight and control your weight.
Helps improve blood circulation and insulin action.
Possible loads: two hours of walking and outdoor exercise, swimming, gymnastics, dancing, aerobics, yoga.

What to do if your sugar levels are high?

Go for a consultation with an endocrinologist.
Pass the additional examinations or get tested again.
Blood sugar levels should be monitored.
Once the cause of this problem is discovered, the doctor will prescribe the necessary treatment.
Strictly follow all recommendations,
Stick to a diet and proper nutrition.
Fulfill physical exercise, if they are recommended.

Normal blood sugar

If you determine your blood sugar level using a glucometer, the reading should be 3.3-5.5 mmol/l.
This is the normal blood sugar level for any person, including children.
But it is worth considering that the level may change throughout the day.
This is influenced by various factors: physical activity, food, psychological and emotional condition person.

Diet for high blood sugar

A diet for high blood sugar is prescribed by a doctor individually:

The diet consists of foods that reduce the consumption of fast carbohydrates.
If the patient is overweight, he is prescribed a low-calorie diet.
But at the same time, food should be fortified, with a lot of fiber.
The daily menu must contain proteins, fats and carbohydrates.
Only diet helps reduce the manifestation of diabetes.
If your sugar levels rise, you should eat frequently, but in small portions.
Be sure to have a snack between main meals.
The daily calorie intake is determined taking into account a person’s physical activity and weight.

Foods that raise blood sugar

Exist certain products, significantly increase blood sugar levels.

These include:

Bakery, pasta, confectionery products;
Cereals, starch (you can’t eat large quantities of potatoes);
Certain vegetables (carrots, beets, corn);
Legumes, especially peas;
From dairy products - fermented baked milk, cream, condensed milk, yoghurts, kefir;
Most fruits;
Sweets;
Sugar.

What should you not eat if you have high blood sugar?

All of the above products fall into the prohibited area for diabetics. In addition, there are a large number of foods that should not be consumed if you have high sugar levels.

For example:

Sugar and honey in any form (for such people there are special sugar substitutes);
Sweet carbonated drinks;
Flour (buns and other products);
From fruits: bananas, sweet grapes, figs, raisins;
Cream, margarine, butter, sour cream.

In addition, you should not eat fatty, fried, fast food. Snacking on sweets, chips, and nuts is also prohibited. High blood sugar - what does this mean? First of all, following a diet and avoiding prohibited foods.

What can you do if you have high blood sugar?

People with this problem can eat nutritiously and healthily. You just need to give up foods that are harmful to health, have a large amount of calories and fast carbohydrates.

The diet is developed individually, but usually everyone is allowed the following foods:

Blueberry;
Teas, coffee, fresh juices, herbal drinks and infusions (without sugar and honey);
Sour apples and non-sweet fruits and berries;
Porridge;
Grain bread;
Dry cookies for diabetics;
Lean meats.

Signs of high blood sugar

There are certain symptoms that indicate high blood sugar levels.

Among them are:

Frequent urination (this increases the amount of urine);
Constant feeling of thirst, even at night (this also applies to dry mouth);
Constant fatigue, weakness, lethargy;
Feeling of nausea, which very rarely causes vomiting;
Frequent and prolonged headaches;
Weight problems.
Rarely, vision may become worse with low blood sugar.

Elevated glucose levels in diabetes mellitus

In such cases, you should immediately consult a doctor. This may indicate ineffective treatment, a deterioration in the patient’s condition - the person does not follow the doctor’s recommendations and does not adhere to the diet. In severe cases, this leads to a sugar coma.

At the slightest symptoms of diabetes, you must undergo all examinations and consult a doctor. This way you can control your blood sugar levels and live with it fully.

diabetes911.com

Normal blood glucose level

Sugar levels in the body should not exceed the permissible level and, if we talk about numbers, then the maximum permissible level glucose is 100 ml/1 deciliter. With slight increases in the indicator, the patient may not feel any changes. But, if the level significantly exceeds the required norm, then the symptoms will be visible. Unfortunately, few people know what sugar levels are considered acceptable.

Both men and women have the same blood sugar levels. But an exception is the period of pregnancy. Over the course of 9 months of gestation, many changes occur in the body of the fairer sex, and sugar levels are no exception, which accordingly affects the development of the child.

It is worth considering that before donating blood for sugar testing, you must refuse food, as this affects the final result. Otherwise, you need to warn your doctor about the products you are using, this will help to correctly calculate the indicators. The normal blood glucose level is healthy person The level is considered to be within 3.9-5 mmol/1 liter. If a person consumed food or drinks shortly before taking the test, the readings may increase to 5.5 mmol. It is worth remembering that the indicators of capillary and venous blood are slightly different.

Blood sugar readings in men and women differ significantly from those in children, but the symptoms and causes of changes are the same.

Signs of high sugar levels

Both an increase and a decrease in blood sugar levels will not go unnoticed, and the body will immediately begin to respond to such changes. A sharp change in glucose levels can be detected independently. This can be done based on the following symptoms:

When sugar levels are high, a person’s kidneys begin to work actively, and a desire arises. frequent visit toilet. The body begins to actively get rid of excess liquid, and this is dangerous for the child’s health.
Against the background of the first sign, a constant feeling of thirst arises. A person constantly drinks water, but the feeling of fullness still does not occur. Even if these symptoms appear, you should visit a doctor.
Itching occurs on the skin. In children, this phenomenon can lead to the formation of wounds on the skin.
An increase in blood sugar can lead to inflammatory processes genitourinary system. Pain in the groin area in men and inflammation of the foreskin occur. Women may experience itching and burning in the labia area.
High sugar levels lead to poor healing of various skin lesions.
Changes occur in the body such as electrolyte imbalance. Such changes occur due to the fact that a person excretes a large amount of fluid, which removes all useful microelements; this is especially dangerous for the child and his development. This manifests itself in the form of muscle and calf cramp and disorders of the cardiovascular system.
At the same time, a person may feel general constant fatigue and lethargy. In children, this manifests itself in a constant desire to sleep and inattention.
Another symptom of high blood sugar is a constant feeling of hunger. If a person begins to eat a lot, and as a result gains weight.

If in adults the disease manifests itself more clearly, then in children it is difficult to identify it at the first signs and in order to detect high sugar levels it is necessary to take glucose tests.

Causes of increased glucose

There are many reasons why your blood sugar level may increase, but the main ones include the following:

Heredity factor. Genetic predisposition can manifest itself at an early age in children. Most often, it is worth reviewing the diseases of immediate relatives to determine the level of risk.
At autoimmune diseases. In this case, the body begins to reject its own organs, causing them harm.
Excess body weight.
Physical and psychological trauma. Often, severe stress causes disturbances in sugar levels. In a child, this may manifest itself in constant irritability and nervousness.
Changes in the blood supply to the pancreas.

All of the above symptoms occur in case of illness, but there are also accompanying issues that can change glucose levels in a healthy person. The main reasons for changes in sugar include:

eating foods containing large amounts of carbohydrates;
if there is low physical activity;
bad habits (smoking, alcohol), very often this is the main reason for men.

Also at risk may be patients who experience complications such as:

diseases endocrine system;
liver diseases;
pancreatic disorders.

It is worth noting that high blood sugar in children, the symptoms of which are the same as in an adult, manifests itself only slightly and to identify it, you should pay more attention to the baby’s well-being.

Restoring blood glucose levels

Before starting treatment and normalizing blood sugar levels, it is necessary to identify the causes of its imbalance. This can only be done after tests and consultation with a specialist.

Usually, sugar imbalance is a consequence of some disease, and only if it is detected and treated accordingly, it is possible to bring sugar back to normal. You can restore glucose levels not only with the help of medications, but also by using a certain diet, but only with the approval of your doctor.

If a patient is diagnosed with diabetes, the doctor prescribes a certain course of treatment that is the same for both men and women. At the same time, it is necessary to follow a certain diet, which involves reducing sugar consumption.

It is also necessary to add foods that help reduce glucose levels in the body. You need to discuss with your doctor what foods you can eat if you have diabetes. For children, sticking to such a diet is much more difficult, but if it is difficult for them to give up sweets, then such products can be replaced with sweeteners.

In any case, if there is the slightest deviation in health or a change in the well-being of a child or adult, you should visit a doctor and undergo full examination. After all, this can help in the timely identification of the disease and the initiation of treatment, which in many cases can even protect against the most dire consequences.

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There is a steady increase in the number of patients with endocrine pathologies in the world, and diabetes mellitus still occupies a leading position in the list of the most common diseases, second only to cancer and cardiovascular diseases.

Traditionally, women suffer from diabetes at a much higher rate than men. This is explained by the peculiarities of the functioning of the endocrine system in women and often leads to the occurrence of the disease during hormonal surges - during pregnancy and menopause. A special feature of the disease in women is its insidious onset. Let's consider the most early symptoms diabetes mellitus, which cannot be ignored, and the first signs of which should be the reason for immediate contact with a specialist. After all, as you know, the success of treatment is largely determined by early diagnosis.

1. Vaginal infections

Specific female symptom diabetes mellitus are vaginal infections. The disease creates the most favorable conditions for the development of fungal infection. Pathogenic fungi cause discharge and vaginal itching. It is worth noting that thrush caused by diabetes is very difficult to treat.

Diabetes mellitus is accompanied by hair loss, which is caused by metabolic disorders. Hair loses its natural shine, becomes lifeless, dull and thin.

3. Polyuria

The initial stage of the disease is characterized by frequent and copious urination. The volume of daily urine exceeds 2 liters. The fact is that glucose, at a concentration exceeding 9-11 mmol/l, begins to leave the body through the kidneys. A so-called “osmotic diuresis” occurs.

4. Polypsidy

Diabetes causes excess thirst, which is difficult to quench. This is caused by a violation of the water-salt balance that occurs with polyuria.

5. Nail fungus

As the disease progresses, one of the unpleasant symptoms of the disease occurs - fungal damage to the toenails. The sign is very dangerous, since impaired blood circulation in the lower extremities leads to the rapid development of the disease, affecting more and more healthy tissue.

6. "Wolf's Appetite"

Diabetes mellitus is characterized by severe hunger. An insatiable “ravenous appetite”, which even the most plentiful meal does not relieve, becomes the reason for the rapid gain of extra pounds. Excess weight is characteristic mainly of the second type of disease. In some cases, increased catabolism of proteins and fats, which develops in the absence of glucose, causes the patient to lose weight.

7. Lethargy and drowsiness

In diabetes mellitus, there is insufficient breakdown of glucose, one of the main sources of energy for the body’s functioning. Therefore, the disease is often accompanied by high fatigue and drowsiness. If this symptom appears regularly and you get enough sleep, you should immediately consult a specialist.

8. Deterioration of vision

Another sign of the disease, which is one of the first to appear, is a sudden deterioration in vision. Patients complain of instant darkness and spots appearing before the eyes.

9. The appearance of seizures

In diabetes mellitus, there are disturbances in blood circulation and difficulty in blood supply to the distal parts of the extremities. Ultimately, this leads to numbness and cramps in the legs and arms.

10. Problems with the menstrual cycle

About a third of women diagnosed with type 1 diabetes have some type of disorder menstrual cycle, which manifest themselves against the background of hormonal imbalances in the body.

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Diabetes mellitus and prevention measures

Diabetes mellitus is not a fatal disease; you can and should fight it, take care of your health and lead a full life with appropriate treatment and attitude towards food. First of all, diabetics have to radically reconsider their diet; diet now becomes an inevitable and constant companion of life.

Doctors recommend playing sports for health purposes; often a disturbed metabolism leads to obesity, and this is harmful. Recently, doctors have been prescribing therapy from the first day medical supplies regulating the rise in sugar. It all depends on the severity of diabetes, symptoms, age of the patient and his capabilities.

The drugs may not stimulate the pancreas to produce insulin, but contain active active ingredients allowing the breakdown of glucose and regulation of its metabolism. Insulin injections in a certain form of addiction become regular and necessary; a missed injection can cost a person his life. But don't be scared if you've been diagnosed with diabetes. This does not always mean that you will have to live on injections.

Even a healthy person is recommended to purchase such a useful tool for taking care of his health as a glucometer to find out his sugar level at home. If it is elevated, you should urgently consult a therapist and endocrinologist.

When you donate blood for analysis at a clinic, only the result that your blood showed at a specific moment is taken into account.

During the day, with meals, sugar may rise or fall. Moreover, if you donate blood every 2 weeks, the level will always be different.

If a person’s blood sugar is elevated and there are no other symptoms, he woke up in a great mood and walked for 40 minutes to the hospital, his analysis will show the norm, since walking in the fresh air has a beneficial effect on this indicator. Drinking a glass of water in the morning before blood sampling will definitely affect the final result, because a micro-dose of glucose with this glass will be released even before you sit in the chair at the invitation of the nurse.

For those who love dacha chores, working in the garden on the eve of tests will do a disservice, because this will temporarily bring high blood sugar back to normal, the test will be wonderful, the person will calm down and continue to lead their usual lifestyle until a serious attack occurs. Therefore, a home glucometer, which allows you to measure sugar under normal conditions, is simply necessary. From high sugar There are too many problems to refuse the opportunity to find out in time about the presence of such an imbalance.

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Causes and possible diseases

If blood glucose is higher than normal in blood tests, then judge possible pathology early. The patient must undergo examination.

An increase in blood sugar may be due to:

Smoking
PMS in women
Stressful situations, overwork

For the results to be reliable, you should not smoke before the test, it is advisable to avoid heavy exercise and be in a calm state.

Increased blood sugar may be due to the following reasons:

Bad habits
Excessive consumption of carbohydrate foods
Diseases of the endocrine system (thyrotoxicosis, pheochromocytoma, etc.)
Diseases of the kidneys, pancreas, liver (pancreatitis, cirrhosis, tumor)
Hyperglycemia may occur with the consumption of certain medicines: glucocorticoids, diuretics, contraceptives, hormonal drugs and etc.
There are times when sugar increases for a short time. This is observed with burns, acute heart attack, an attack of angina pectoris, surgical intervention on the stomach, skull injury.

Diabetes mellitus is one of the common diseases, the first sign of which is an increase in blood sugar.

This disease can occur in several stages:

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is autoimmune in nature, i.e. cells that take part in the production of insulin are destroyed under the influence of cells of the immune system. The pancreas does not produce enough insulin, a hormone that regulates blood glucose levels.
The development of type 2 diabetes mellitus is caused by insufficient production of insulin or cell insensitivity to the hormone. As a result, glucose does not enter the cells, but accumulates in the blood.

Clinical manifestations

There are certain signs that indicate increased blood glucose:

Constant thirst
Frequent urination
Sudden weight loss
Dry mouth
Acetone odor from the mouth
Arrhythmia
Fast fatiguability
Deterioration of vision
Frequent headaches
Itchy skin

When glucose rises, fluid is removed from the body, causing organs, tissues and cells to lack fluid. Next, a signal is sent to the brain and the person experiences thirst. For the same reason, dry mouth develops.

Weight loss occurs as a result of the body's energy starvation. If some of the listed symptoms are present, then you should consult a doctor and donate blood for glucose.

Diagnostics of sugar levels

To determine your sugar level, you take a blood test. The study is performed strictly on an empty stomach. Blood is taken from the cubital vein.

Normally, the glucose concentration in a healthy person should be 3.9-5 mmol/l. If sugar is in the range from 6.1-7 mmol/l, then this value is regarded as impaired glycemia. Above 7 mmol/l – diabetes mellitus.

To clarify the diagnosis, a glucose tolerance test is prescribed. The interval between dinner and the study should be 10-14 hours. 75 g of glucose is dissolved in water and given to the patient to drink. The sugar content is determined first before consuming glucose, and then after a two-hour period.

If fasting sugar is above 6.1 mmol/l, then this is a clear indicator of diabetes mellitus.

If after 2 hours the concentration is less than 7.8 mmol/l, then this is considered normal. In the latent form of diabetes, the sugar content after a 2-hour period will be in the range of 7.8-10.9 mmol/l. The diagnosis is made when the level exceeds 11 mmol/l.

You should know that when a latent form is detected, the development of diabetes mellitus is observed in most cases. It is important to monitor your blood sugar and follow all doctor’s recommendations to avoid the development of this disease.

Normalization of blood sugar

The patient is prescribed therapy aimed at reducing glucose. The doctor must find out what causes the increase in sugar and what factors contributed to the malfunction of the endocrine system and the functioning of certain organs.

The patient must change his lifestyle: observe proper nutrition, perform moderate physical activity, take certain medications. Diabetics should check their blood glucose levels daily. It is important to reduce the amount of calories for women to 1000-1200 kcal, for men to 1200-1600 kcal.

In patients diagnosed with diabetes mellitus, the diet should contain: large quantities fruits, vegetables, low-fat dairy products, nuts.

Among the foods you should give preference to oatmeal, buckwheat, fish, seafood, and lean boiled meat. The following foods should be completely excluded from the diet: sugar, caramel, sweets, flour products, semolina, rice, fatty meat and fish, fatty dairy products, canned food. You should also avoid fruits that are high in sugar: dates, grapes, peaches, cherries, etc.

Useful video - Diagnosis of diabetes:

At home, in addition to following a special diet, you can also use traditional methods lowering blood sugar:

You should take a lemon, squeeze the juice, add to it a raw egg and stir. Take one hour before meals for 3 days. Then repeat after 10 days. This is proven and effective method normalization of blood sugar.
It is recommended to eat one baked onion in the morning for a month.
A decoction of flax seeds also helps normalize blood sugar. To prepare a decoction, you need to pour a glass of seeds into a saucepan, add 1.5 liters of water and boil for an hour. Then strain and take throughout the day.
Instead of regular black tea, you can brew lilac leaves. They can be used both dried and fresh.
Chicory also gives a good effect. It contains insulin, which helps lower blood sugar and improve metabolism.

People with high blood sugar should constantly adhere to their diet and control their blood sugar.

Possible complications

In severe cases, diabetic coma may develop. This condition is characterized by disturbances of consciousness, decreased blood pressure, lack of response to stimuli, indifference to everything. In this case, you should urgently call ambulance, since the risk of death is high.

The following factors may influence the development of complications:

Past acute infectious diseases
Stress
Non-compliance with diet
High physical activity

If hyperglycemia is prolonged, then the functioning of all human organs and systems is disrupted. As a result, this can lead to diabetic retinopathy, nephropathy and diabetic foot syndrome. Diabetic retinopathy affects the retinal vessels eyeball. This pathology may lead to blindness.

Diabetic nephropathy is characterized by damage renal vessels which can ultimately lead to kidney failure.

Diabetic foot syndrome is characterized by damage to joints and bones. Ulcers appear on the legs. In advanced cases, this can lead to the development of gangrene.

To prevent the development of complications, it is necessary to regularly check your sugar levels, follow your doctor's recommendations and adhere to a special diet.

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What causes blood sugar to rise?

An increase in glucose levels is called hyperglycemia, which is accompanied by a number of specific symptoms and can be life-threatening.

Highlight following reasons hyperglycemia:

systemic diseases;
use of steroid drugs;
stress;
predominance of easily digestible carbohydrates in the diet.

A short-term increase in sugar can provoke an attack of angina, epilepsy or myocardial infarction. Blood glucose levels will also increase when severe pain, burn.

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How does high sugar manifest itself?

High blood sugar levels usually present with several symptoms. If it develops acute form hyperglycemia, they are expressed most intensely. The following signs may indicate increased blood glucose levels:

dryness of the oral mucosa, thirst;
disturbance of urination (frequent, copious, including at night);
itchy skin;
changes in body weight in both directions;
increased drowsiness;
weakness, fatigue;
dizziness, headache;
smell of acetone from the mouth;
long-term healing of skin lesions;
visual impairment;
increased susceptibility to infections;
impaired potency in men.

If you notice similar symptoms (not necessarily all), you need to take blood glucose tests.

How symptoms develop

The mechanism of development of each of the symptoms listed above is somehow related to glucose. Thus, a frequent desire to drink (polydipsia) occurs due to the binding of water molecules by sugar. Liquid migrates from the intercellular space into the lumen of blood vessels. As a result, the tissues become dehydrated.

At the same time, the increase in blood volume due to the incoming water provokes an increase in blood pressure and increased blood circulation in the kidneys. The body seeks to get rid of excess fluid through urination, and polyuria develops.

Without insulin, glucose molecules cannot enter cells. Therefore, when it is insufficiently produced by the pancreas, as happens in type 1 diabetes, the tissues experience an energy deficit. The body is forced to use other ways of energy supply (proteins, fats), as a result of which body weight decreases.

Obesity occurs when the functional activity of insulin-dependent receptors is impaired - type 2 diabetes. In this case, insulin is produced in sufficient quantities, stimulates fat synthesis, and glucose also does not enter the cells, leading to energy starvation.

Energy deficiency in brain tissue is associated with feelings of weakness, dizziness, and rapid onset of fatigue. Experiencing a lack of glucose, the body intensively oxidizes fats. This causes an increase in the content of ketone bodies in the bloodstream, and leads to the appearance of acetone odor from the mouth.

The inability of glucose to penetrate tissues also affects immune system– leukocytes become functionally inferior and cannot fully fight infection.

Any damage skin becomes an “entry” for pathogenic microorganisms. Slow healing is also facilitated by excess sugar in the wound tissue, which becomes a favorable breeding ground for microbes.

The basis of diagnosis is testing for glucose tolerance (tolerance). To do this, blood is drawn on an empty stomach in the morning and the sugar content is determined. After which the patient takes a glucose solution orally. Two hours later, blood is taken again for analysis.

The reliability of the indicators depends on a number of conditions:

the analysis is carried out against the background of emotional and physical calm;
10 hours before the procedure you should not eat anything;
the day before the test, you need to avoid excessive physical activity;
The period of time (2 hours) after taking the glucose solution must be spent in a calm state, sitting or lying down.

Results in which the first glucose measurement shows 7 mmol/l, and the second more than 11, give grounds to diagnose diabetes mellitus.

In addition to glucose, the content of other compounds in the blood is detected, such as:

glycated hemoglobin (shows the average blood glucose value over the last three months);
incretins (hormones that activate the release of insulin);
amylin (regulates the volume and rate of glucose entering the blood after eating);
glucagon (activates liver cells to produce and release glucose).

Methods for reducing hyperglycemia

The basis for lowering sugar levels is the elimination of the factor that caused hyperglycemia. So, if taking medications leads to an increase in blood glucose levels, you should consult with your doctor about their possible replacement.

If you have thyroid or other diseases, you need to cure them. In the case of gestational diabetes (during pregnancy), a review of the diet is sufficient.

At primary development diabetes or if the cause cannot be eliminated, therapeutic treatment is indicated. To do this, for a disease developing in the first type, insulin injections are prescribed, and for the second type, drugs that lower glucose levels are prescribed.

Despite the fact that in each individual case the therapeutic regimen is drawn up individually, there are rules common to all patients. You should strictly follow your doctor’s instructions, monitor your diet, lead a healthy lifestyle, and regularly test your blood for sugar levels.

Nutrition for hyperglycemia

A careful review of your diet is the first thing to do if you have high blood glucose levels. There are a lot of dietary recommendations based on reducing the amount of simple carbohydrates in food.

Reducing the calorie content of dishes should be combined with the simultaneous preservation of the required amount of proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals.

Carbohydrates should be predominantly of the slow type, with a low glycemic index. Daily caloric intake is calculated based on individual characteristics. In this case, the daily amount of food should be divided into several (up to 6) meals, with intervals of no more than three hours.

The menu should include foods that help lower blood glucose. This:

sour fruits;
citrus;
berries (lingonberries, rowan);
Jerusalem artichoke;
fresh greens.

Buckwheat has priority among cereals. When boiled, it has low calorie content and high nutritional value. Buckwheat contains minerals, vitamins and active substances, which help not only reduce sugar, but also body weight, as well as cleanse the body of toxins and waste.

The following recipe will help significantly lower your glucose levels. You need to mix a tablespoon of cereal crushed to a powder with a glass of kefir, let it brew for 7-9 hours. You need to drink the mixture 60 minutes before meals for a week.

What are the dangers of high blood sugar?

Complications resulting from elevated blood glucose levels can be either acute, quickly manifested, or long-term. In the first case, hyperglycemia can cause conditions such as:

damage to the central nervous system, coma, precomatose state (manifested by impaired nerve conduction, disorder of reflex connections, partial or complete loss of consciousness);
dehydration of the body;
lactic acid coma.

Such conditions have previous symptoms. This: severe weakness, thirst and a large volume of urine excreted (up to 4 l). If such signs appear, you should urgently seek medical help.

Long-term consequences of high sugar levels in the body:

damage to the blood and nerve vessels of the lower extremities, followed by necrosis and gangrene;
kidney damage, consisting in the complete loss of the renal structures of their functions, followed by the development of failure (represents a threat to life);
destruction of the retina of the eyes, leading to loss of vision.

Elevated blood sugar levels do not always indicate the presence of pathology in the body. If symptoms appear more and more often, and others join them, then you must definitely donate blood for glucose levels and consult with a specialist.

IN folk medicine There are a lot of recipes designed to reduce blood glucose levels. Below are the most effective ones.

Take oats, about a glass or half a half-liter jar. Pour boiling water over it (6 cups). Cook over low heat for an hour. Alternatively: keep in a water bath or put in the oven for the same time. When the broth has cooled, it should be strained. You can take it in any quantity throughout the day for an unlimited time.
Take 40 grams of walnut partitions. Place them in half a liter of water and cook over low heat for an hour. After the broth has cooled completely, it needs to be strained. The product should be used before meals. The dosage is one tablespoon. You can store the decoction in the refrigerator.
In spring, you need to collect lilac buds before they bloom. Steam two tablespoons of raw material 0.4 l hot water, and leave to brew for 6 hours (it’s best to do this in a thermos). After the infusion is ready, it should be strained. Drink in small portions throughout the day.
Wash and grate the horseradish (root). Dilute the resulting slurry with a fermented milk product (kefir, yogurt, spoiled milk, natural yogurt) in a ratio of 1:10. The product should be used before meals, three times a day. Dosage – one tablespoon.
Prepare an infusion of bay leaves: 10 crushed leaves will require 200 ml of boiling water. Pour the raw materials into a thermos and leave for a day. Strain. The infusion should be taken warm, about 4 times a day (no more). Dosage – a quarter glass before meals.

An increase in the amount of glucose in the blood occurs more often in women than in men. This is due to constant hormonal changes that the body experiences. Short-term manifestations of hyperglycemia do not have pronounced symptoms and are simply ignored.

Meanwhile, their repetition leads to the development dangerous diseases, the most likely of which is diabetes mellitus. Such developments can be avoided only if the disease is stopped at the initial stage.

Women should pay special attention to symptoms of high blood sugar while pregnant. Gestational diabetes without medical control often causes abnormalities in fetal development.

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Classmates

Sugar is necessary for normal functioning human body. With the help of the hormone insulin (produced by the pancreas), carbohydrates are broken down into monosaccharides, and the resulting glucose serves as food for cells. If it is not supplied enough, or the substance is not absorbed, energy starvation of tissues begins, and brain activity is disrupted.

At an early stage, hyperglycemia is practically asymptomatic, but even at this stage you can notice the first signs of increased blood sugar in women. The symptoms are somewhat different from those for men, but there are common manifestations.

Symptoms of high blood sugar

These include:

Sudden weight loss against the background of increased appetite and the amount of food consumed (this symptom is characteristic of the first stage of the deviation, in the second there is a rapid increase in body weight).
Headache.
The appearance of non-healing wounds.
Fatigue.
Decreased sensitivity or “pins and needles” in the fingers.
Gait disturbance.
Frequent urination with increased urine volume.
Skin itching.
Decreased immunity.
Heavy sweating.
Nausea.
Dermatological diseases.
Unmotivated irritability.
Sudden deterioration of vision.
Constant feeling of weakness.

An increased amount of glucose in the blood of more than 30 mmol/l is the cause of life-threatening conditions, manifested by symptoms such as convulsions, difficulty breathing or palpitations.

Gynecological signs of high blood sugar in women:

Cracks in the mucous membranes of the genital organs.
Feeling of dryness in the vagina.
Peeling of the skin.
Constant candidiasis.
Burning and itching in the vaginal area.
Disruptions of the menstrual cycle.

The reasons for increased blood sugar in women are very different: from pathologies of internal organs to everyday habits.

Reasons for the increase

Hyperglycemia in women is divided into short-term and stable, depending on what causes the increase in blood sugar. In turn, the prerequisites for periodic increases in glucose levels can be physiological or pathological.

Physiological ones include:

constant stress;
food high in carbohydrates;
taking hormonal contraceptives;
drinking alcohol;
course treatment with certain groups of pharmaceuticals. Such as corticosteroids, beta blockers, antidepressants and others;
physical overload.

Physiological hyperglycemia does not require special treatment, nutritional correction and stabilization of the work and rest regime are sufficient.

Variants of insulin production by the pancreas

Pathological causes of a short-term “jump” in glucose levels are:

colds;
burn injuries;
persistent pain;
epilepsy (during an attack, sugar levels rise).

A short-term increase in glucose may not manifest itself with any specific symptoms.

A consistently elevated sugar level is the main symptom of diabetes mellitus, but can be a sign of pathologies of other internal organs:

pancreas;
adrenal glands;
liver;
pituitary gland;
hypothalamus;
heart and blood vessels (heart attack, stroke);
kidney

Physiological reasons for an increase in the level of glucose in a woman’s blood include, in addition to the above, natural hormonal imbalances.

What does it mean if glucose is elevated?

The physiological norm for blood glucose is from 3.3 to 5.5 mmol/l. Increased rate it means that there is some kind of pathology or the woman leads an unhealthy lifestyle (unbalanced diet, alcohol consumption).

However, even in the blood of a healthy young girl, sugar can go through the roof, depending on the stage of the menstrual cycle. Thus, increased blood glucose in a woman often means the onset of premenstrual syndrome. In this case no additional symptoms not noted.

Inherent in women during menopause. At about 50 years of age, women in this age group need to donate blood for testing every six months, regardless of the presence of alarming symptoms. Also included in the list of mandatory tests for pregnant women.

During pregnancy, the female body undergoes strong hormonal changes, which makes many tissues resistant to the hormone insulin. In addition, the pancreas expectant mother may not cope with increased loads.

For pregnant women, the normative limits for fasting glucose levels are more stringent - up to 5 mmol/l. A value from 5.1 to 6.7 mmol/l suggests increased attention to the woman’s health, as well as standard preventive measures aimed at reducing sugar levels. When the level is more than 6.7 mmol/l, the woman is diagnosed with gestational diabetes - it is detected in approximately 5% of pregnant women. Exceeding standard indicators may not show obvious symptoms.

Typically, this form of diabetes goes away on its own after the birth of the child. The condition requires constant medical monitoring and therapy, as it can threaten the health of the mother and baby. Excess sugar in circulatory system women leads to the fact that glucose directly enters the placenta, and from there into the fetal bloodstream. Hyperglycemia can cause various disorders, including accelerated growth future baby.

This condition causes problems during childbirth, or causes hypoxia (lack of oxygen) of the fetus, leading to serious consequences.

Excess glucose in the mother's blood creates a threat of miscarriage or intrauterine fetal death!

Late detected gestational diabetes can cause such abnormalities in the development of the child as:

heart disease;
cerebral palsy;
cataract.

Diabetes in pregnant women most often develops in the period from the 4th to the 8th month. You can prevent negative developments by undergoing prescribed blood tests in a timely manner. Especially women at risk.

mastopathy;
obesity;
polycystic ovary syndrome;
hypertension.

A genetic predisposition (a history of the disease in close relatives) increases the likelihood of developing gestational diabetes. pathological condition during a previous pregnancy, as well as carrying a child by a woman over 40 years of age.

In men, the symptoms of high blood sugar are not significantly different from those described above. In addition to the signs of hyperglycemia common to both sexes, men who do not undergo timely treatment begin to experience problems with potency. Disruption of metabolic processes can have an antiandrogenic effect.

Excess glucose acts destructively on the walls of blood vessels, including those supplying the genitals, which over time leads to symptoms such as deterioration of erection, development of congestion in the prostate and a decrease in the quality of sexual life.

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Number of people who have increased level blood sugar increases several times every year. This is why it is very important to know and not miss the five main symptoms of hyperglycemia:

Conclusion

Excessive amounts of glucose in the blood in women can be associated with natural hormonal changes (during menstruation, pregnancy or menopause) or the development of pathologies of internal organs. Anyway .
If blood sugar is high in women, symptoms for a long time may not be expressed, which makes it impossible to notice deviations and take timely measures to normalize indicators. For this reason, it is necessary to donate blood for glucose periodically, depending on how you feel.
If the standard indicators are slightly exceeded, it is enough to correct eating habits (excluding fast carbohydrates from the diet), giving up alcohol, increasing physical activity, and walking in the fresh air.
Do not neglect the prescribed treatment. Modern medicine has a sufficient range of methods and means that can safely and effectively stabilize metabolic processes, even during pregnancy.

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