Constant itching of the shoulder and neck. What to do if your arms itch from shoulder to elbow? Itchy neck, shoulder blades and shoulders

Chronic itching is the first manifestation of oncology

Generalized itching as a symptom common diseases. Guest - doctor Alexander Myasnikov.

Presenters - Vladimir Solovyov, Anna Shafran.

Myasnikov: We will leave aside the itching that is associated with the skin - with atopic dermatitis, dry skin, psoriasis, scabies and so on, I don’t even want to talk about it, this is, in fact, understandable. But itching as a symptom of other internal diseases, this is an interesting topic, because, firstly, it is very often a manifestation, the first manifestations of oncology. Oncology such as lymphoma and what we call lymphogranulomatosis, some stomach tumors. Let's say lymphogranulomatosis, or Hodgkin's lymphoma - in 30% of cases, several years, 4-5 years before it clinical manifestations itching begins, chronic itching begins. It’s not just an itch, like everyone else’s, but an itch that has been haunting you for more than 6 months, not clearly localized. And this is a symptom... Moreover, I saw an interesting work: the Danes sifted through more than 30 thousand electronic medical records and found that if a person had generalized itching, at that moment they looked for oncology and did not find it, then years passed, and in fact in people Those who had this itching still suffer from cancer much more often than those patients who did not have itching.

Soloviev: Where is the itching and what is it like?

Myasnikov: Itching all over the body, this is generalized itching. It's not like certain areas are itching.

It happens, by the way, sometimes in certain areas of the body, for example, neurological itching. When? For many of you, probably, the edge of the shoulder blade itches, either on the right or on the left. And the man begins to approach the doorframe and scratch this edge of the shoulder blade.

Soloviev: That's it, that's what the joint was created for, yes.

Myasnikov: Yes. Starts to itch. Sometimes so much so that you can even see it on the skin, because the skin there darkens because he continuously scratches. Actually it's on par thoracic vertebra a branch of one of the nerves that comes out of our spine is captured, well, when it pinches, when there is pain, when we say “hernia.” So she can pinch a twig, and there will just be an itch, an itch. And so he will itch from month to month.

Or, let’s say, there is a type of itching when only the upper half of the neck, shoulders, and arms itch. This is due to the fact that... But there, however, there is no longer a pinched nerve, but there degenerative changes at the level of the C34 cervical nerve. This nerve gets pinched, and the arm, hands, and maybe shoulders begin to itch continuously. And by the way, the sun and tanning can provoke this. But treatment - scratch it, don’t scratch it - doesn’t help. The only thing that helps is putting ice, an ice pack, so it soothes this itching.

In general, itching, you know, especially for those with dermatitis, when you itch, you scratch the skin, this provokes... Therefore, if you have severe itching, scratch lightly, but there is no need to comb. Interestingly, the sensation of itching travels along the same fibers as pain, only they are slightly different. In principle, these are the same fibers that transmit pain, so when we scratch, we stimulate the pain fibers, and this sensation suppresses precisely what is paralleled by the sensation of itching.

Of the common diseases that should be named for itching, these are diseases thyroid gland, happens very often, especially hyperfunction. This may also be a manifestation of such a formidable disease as multiple sclerosis.

Listen in full in audio version.

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Unpleasant sensations, the intensity of which can vary from slight discomfort to severe pain, disrupting the usual way of life and depriving the patient of the opportunity to rest normally, always indicate trouble in the body. In the case when a patient says that her shoulder joint hurts at rest or pain occurs when trying to move, the cause of this phenomenon can be both pathological processes affecting the shoulder joint itself and changes that occur in adjacent structures. We should not forget that pain in the area itself large joint upper limb may be explained by diseases internal organs.

That is why the reasons that explain the appearance of pain can only be conditionally divided into relatively safe ones (they go away even without outside intervention and any treatment) and manifestations of processes that necessarily require treatment.

A feature of diseases affecting the structures of the shoulder joint can be considered the fact that this joint can withstand quite noticeable loads and compensate for them without loss of function of the upper limb, but only to a certain limit, after reaching which a complaint arises that the shoulder joint hurts and the question is what to do in this situation.

Conditions that are relatively safe for human health

Pain in shoulder joint can occur even in the healthiest person who had to perform an unusual amount of physical activity that loads this area of ​​the body. When the rotator cuff of the shoulder joint is affected, the complaint that the arm hurts in the shoulder joint very often occurs the day after painting the ceiling or harvesting tall trees in the garden. In this case, a person has to work with his arms raised up and his head thrown back, which disrupts normal blood circulation in this body, but pain in the shoulder appears only the next day. This condition usually goes away on its own - after 2-3 days, the entire usual range of movements gradually returns, but to improve the condition, the use of dry heat, warming ointments, and massage can be recommended.

Capsulitis is a condition that occurs very rarely with isolated inflammation of the elements of the capsule of the shoulder joint. In this case, the patient complains that his shoulder hurts, but to a greater extent the ability to move the arm to the side is impaired. This condition occurs more often in women - patients complain of difficulty putting on wardrobe items independently, but changes progress slowly. It is recommended to conduct an examination to exclude serious pathology of the shoulder joint (radiography, clinical and biochemical studies, consultation with a rheumatologist and neurologist), after which physiotherapy, massage, and reflexology may be prescribed to treat pain in the shoulder joint.

Conditions requiring medical intervention and treatment

With inflammation of the tendons (tendonitis), a person complains that his shoulder hurts immediately at the moment of maximum load. The cause of pain is friction processes that occur between muscle tendons and bone structures. The resulting pain intensifies when attempting to move, as well as when pressing on the muscles, and with prolonged irritation it becomes chronic. Bursitis is called inflammation of the capsule of the shoulder joint - this is a condition that develops simultaneously with tendonitis, manifested by swelling of the area of ​​​​the affected joint, the formation of effusion in it.

If in this case the pain occurs in the shoulder, treatment is recommended under the supervision of an orthopedic doctor - limit the load on the affected joint, in acute period To reduce pain, you can apply ice and use a fixing bandage, while during the rehabilitation period the use of warming procedures is recommended. To alleviate the condition and eliminate pain, the doctor may recommend the use of anti-inflammatory drugs, chondroprotectors, drugs that increase blood circulation in the joint tissues, and physiotherapeutic treatment.

Arthritis of the shoulder joint occurs when infectious agents enter its structures. In this case, not only aching pain occurs in the shoulder joint, but also swelling, limited function, redness of the skin and limited function of the affected limb. Most common cause arthritis of the shoulder joint becomes rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis (ankylosing spondylitis).

Arthrosis of the shoulder joint is a variant of the degenerative-dystrophic process that affects cartilage tissue - its symptoms are very similar to those of arthritis, but there are no signs of an inflammatory reaction.

Treatment of arthritis and arthrosis, regardless of the cause of their occurrence, should be carried out by a qualified rheumatologist. To answer the question - why shoulder joints hurt, it is necessary to examine the patient, which will include immunological and hormonal studies, radiography and tomography.

After an injury, patients almost always complain that their shoulder hurts, with limited range of motion and hemorrhages in the surrounding tissues. In addition to pain, it is possible to change the length of the upper limb - its shortening and lengthening, the appearance of pathological mobility in the shoulder joint. If the shoulder joint hurts after an injury, what to treat and what to do should be prescribed by a traumatologist. Immediately after an injury, it is recommended to reduce pain by applying cold to the injury site and securing the arm in a garter.

Spinal diseases

In some cases painful sensations, arising in the area of ​​the shoulder joint, are associated with changes in the cervical spine. The patient complains that the left shoulder joint hurts; these symptoms intensify with sudden movements of the head or turns of the body; it is accompanied by numbness in the arms. Treatment of osteochondrosis cervical spine The spine and its complications should be dealt with by a qualified specialist - an orthopedist, vertebrologist, neurologist.

Any events complex therapy are prescribed only after the examination!

Diseases of internal organs

In some cases painful sensations become symptoms of diseases of the internal organs. Pain in the right shoulder joint may occur during development acute cholecystitis or exacerbation of chronic inflammation of the gallbladder and biliary tract, while when unstable angina or myocardial infarction occurs, pain occurs in the left shoulder joint. This symptom can also occur against the background of severe pneumonia, tumors chest, pleurisy.

Most often, it is impossible to determine on your own what caused the discomfort in the shoulder joint, so consultation with a qualified doctor and examination are required to clarify the diagnosis and prescribe treatment.

IT IS IMPORTANT TO KNOW!

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Many people know firsthand what itching is. This is extremely unpleasant feeling which often appears in the back area. It is impossible to resist scratching between the shoulder blades or the lower back, and severe itching becomes the cause of real suffering and disruption of the usual rhythm of life. It is similar in nature to pain and therefore requires early detection and appropriate treatment. And to get rid of the unpleasant symptom, you need to know why it itches between the shoulder blades.

Causes

Itching often occurs when the body is exposed to external provoking factors. The body may itch due to insect bites, the action of chemicals (detergents and cosmetics), contact with synthetic fabrics, local exposure to low or high temperature, vibrations. But it is much more serious if this symptom becomes the result of internal changes - both in the skin itself and in the entire body. Contrary to popular belief, itching is not only a sign of allergic reactions, but may indicate the development of the following conditions:

1. Skin diseases (psoriasis, neurodermatitis).
2. Kidney diseases (chronic failure).
3. Liver pathology (hepatitis, cirrhosis, cholangitis)
4. Endocrine disorders (diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism).
5. Blood diseases (polycythemia, lymphogranulomatosis, anemia and leukemia).
6. Paraneoplastic syndrome.
7. Neurological diseases (multiple sclerosis, tumors, strokes).

In these cases, certain substances (histamine, bradykinin, cytokines, enkephalins) accumulate in the skin, which affect sensitive nerve fibers, causing discomfort. Sometimes itching develops without visible organic pathology - as a result psychological problems– and often has mixed origin. In addition, the back may itch during pregnancy and in older people, which is associated with physiological characteristics body.

The causes of itching are extremely varied. These include inflammatory, allergic, metabolic, neurogenic and other conditions.

Symptoms

Why your back itches can be determined by the results of a clinical and additional examination. Itching is a subjective symptom, which sometimes becomes the only thing that worries patients. It is felt in the form of a burning, tingling or vague nature, but is always accompanied by an obsessive need to scratch. By detailing the complaints, the doctor determines the features skin itching:

1. Moderate, pronounced or weak.
2. Periodic or permanent.
3. Local or widespread.
4. Associated with some factors or appears for no apparent reason.
5. Reduces after scratching or appears again.

But a symptom alone cannot become the basis for making a diagnosis - it is necessary to identify specific signs that will indicate probable cause. Itching is often accompanied by other manifestations that complement the clinical picture and often determine further tactics.

Allergic reactions

When itching appears, many will think about allergies, and they will be partly right. This feeling may develop in response to acute edema papillary layer of skin, which becomes the mechanism for the development of urticaria. At the same time, pale pink blisters appear in various areas, which itch intensely and can merge with each other.

With Quincke's edema, itching is also a concern, but the process affects the loose tissue more. subcutaneous tissue. It often develops in the lip or neck area and can lead to obstruction respiratory tract, which is associated with a risk to life.

Skin diseases

A common prerequisite for the development of itching is inflammatory changes in the skin. This symptom is an indispensable companion to psoriasis or neurodermatitis. Allergic (immune) changes in various layers also play a large role in their development skin.

Psoriasis is characterized by a clear clinical picture, accessible for visual assessment. Pink-red plaques that tend to coalesce appear on the scalp, joints, or other parts of the body, including the back. They are covered with keratinized scales that peel off intensely.

Neurodermatitis is characterized by damage to the flexor surfaces of the arms and legs, skin folds, neck, and face. Foci of papular infiltration that are flesh-colored are formed. Their surface is covered with pityriasis scales, the skin pattern is enhanced (lichenification), white dermographism is noted, and cracks often develop.

Psoriasis and neurodermatitis are the main skin diseases characterized by intense itching. In their clinical picture Neurotic reactions are often present.

Kidney failure

Impaired kidney function, which is of a chronic nature, is accompanied by the accumulation of metabolic products in the body (creatinine, urea), which can be deposited in the skin and mucous membranes. In this case, the whole body itches, and other signs of renal pathology appear:

• Edema.
• Increased pressure.
• Anemia.

As a result of uremic intoxication, patients experience general weakness and decreased appetite. Signs of gastritis, enteritis, pleurisy or pericarditis may be detected.

Liver pathology

The skin may itch due to liver disease, when the flow of bile is disrupted. In patients with hepatitis or cirrhosis, internal cholestasis is observed, manifested by itching. Its development is associated with irritation nerve endings bile acids accumulating in the layers of the skin. And besides this, severe liver dysfunction has other manifestations:

• Jaundice.
• Heaviness and pain in the right hypochondrium.
• Dilatation of the veins of the esophagus.
• Ascites.
• Hemorrhagic rashes.

Cholestatic itching can also appear with extrahepatic pathology, for example, cholangitis or pancreatic cancer. It is most intense at night, can be debilitating and long-lasting, but after eliminating the obstruction of the bile ducts it quickly disappears.

Pathology of the liver and biliary system, in which cholestasis is observed, is the main cause of itching in gastroenterologist patients.

Endocrine disorders

Persistent itching of the skin diabetes mellitus associated with metabolic disorders and concomitant neuropathy. As a rule, it is local in nature, observed in the area lower limbs or heads. Very often this results in pain in the legs, numbness and decreased sensitivity. A common features diabetes will be as follows:

• Dry mouth.
• Thirst.
• Increased urine output.
• Losing weight or, conversely, gaining weight.

In cases of thyroid disease, such as hypothyroidism, itching occurs due to increased dryness skin, and it can become quite intense.

Blood diseases

Common itching is a common symptom diseases of the blood system. Sometimes it appears when iron deficiency anemia, but most often characteristic of lymphogranulomatosis and polycythemia. In the first case, the torso and legs itch, but gradually other parts of the body are covered, which is directly proportional to the activity of the disease. The following symptoms are also observed:

• Enlarged lymph nodes.
• Night sweats.
• Low-grade body temperature.

In polycythemia, widespread itching is associated with exposure to water (aquagenic). It is felt in the form of a tingling sensation, sometimes preceding the manifestation of the disease by several years. Patients with leukemia may also experience itchy skin, but much less frequently.

Of the hematological diseases, lymphogranulomatosis and polycythemia are most often accompanied by itching.

Paraneoplastic syndrome

If your back itches near the spine, then the tumor nature of the itching cannot be ruled out. In its development, not only the tumor itself or metastases are important, but also toxic products - the result of necrosis of pathological cells or their vital activity. Cutaneous paraneoplastic syndrome is also associated with immune reactions, metabolic disorders and wasting of the body. Depending on the type of tumor, it can manifest itself with a number of signs:

• Increased pigmentation (melanosis).
• Skin keratinization (hyperkeratosis).
• Spiral erythema.
• Increased hair growth (hypertrichosis).
• Dermatomyositis.

Sometimes skin itching occurs long before the primary tumor is detected, but, unfortunately, it is not always associated with it.

Neurological pathology

There are also neurological causes of itching. Skin itches when multiple sclerosis, displaying the level of damage spinal cord. This itching is paroxysmal in nature - it is very strong and occurs suddenly, often causing awakening. Violations cerebral circulation and peripheral neuropathies can also cause an itchy sensation.

After the clinical examination, the patient must undergo additional examination, the volume of which is determined by the supposed origin of the itching. This is the only way to determine why your back or other parts of the body are itching. And in accordance with the diagnostic results, treatment is prescribed, primarily aimed at eliminating the cause of unpleasant symptoms.

The shoulder joint is the most unique joint in the entire body in terms of its structure and functional features. With improper and excessive physical stress on this joint, inflammatory processes develop, resulting in swelling, joint effusion, partial rupture of tendons and muscles that surround the joint.

But the shoulder joint can withstand heavy loads only up to a certain limit, after which its natural functioning is disrupted. The result is pain syndrome. Why does this symptom occur in the left shoulder area? Let's take a closer look.

Causes of pain in the shoulder joint

Pain syndrome in the shoulder joint on the left can radiate to other areas - these are:

The entire length of the arm and neck, moreover, it becomes numb and sensitivity in it is impaired. This symptom may accompany a cervical intervertebral hernia.

The entire length of the arm, while movement is limited. This symptom may accompany capsulitis.

Shoulder, forearm, pain occurs even after raising the arm and during movements (myositis).

Forearm, shoulder, arm, which may indicate a dislocation, fracture, sprain.

The main reasons that cause pain in the shoulder joint are as follows:

• after heavy physical exertion;
• due to injury;
• with intercostal neuralgia;
• hurts left shoulder and after hypothermia, especially after exposure to a draft.

Other reasons include pathologies such as periarthritis, arthritis, heart disease (heart attack, angina), and salt deposition.

Tendinitis

If your shoulder hurts, radiating to the forearm, this may be a signal of the development of tendonitis, an inflammatory-degenerative disease that occurs after heavy physical activity.

As a result of this reason, the first symptom is pain, which is sharp, aching or dull in nature. Its intensification occurs after a sharp raising of the arm, which also becomes numb. The arm can hurt very much at night, which often leads to insomnia. Also, an increase in pain syndrome is observed upon palpation of the hand. In addition to this syndrome, tendinitis also causes symptoms such as limited arm mobility, inflammation, and tissue degeneration.

How treatment will be carried out depends on what stage of the disease is diagnosed:

1. At the first stage, treatment is carried out such as eliminating any loads and fixing the joint with an immobilizing agent. It is also recommended to do exercises to strengthen the shoulder muscles.
2. At the second stage, treatment is supplemented by injections with the introduction of anesthetics. It is recommended to treat severe pain with muscle relaxants. Treatment with drugs alone will not bring quick results. It is also necessary to do physical therapy procedures.
3. At the third stage it is shown surgical treatment, which is carried out if conservative methods are not effective.

Sprain

A joint sprain (partial tear) on the left side is accompanied by symptoms, the severity of which is determined taking into account the extent of the damage. A characteristic feature there is pain in the shoulder area, radiating to the forearm. In severe cases, even the shoulder blade and neck may hurt.

An increase in pain syndrome is observed after palpation of the lesion. Associated symptoms are: swelling, redness of the skin, hyperemia, hematoma, limited mobility of the arm, and it becomes slightly numb.

Treatment is mainly conservative. If a severe case is observed, surgery is prescribed. First aid after injury consists of applying a cold compress and a fixing bandage. Pain can be eliminated with the help of an analgesic, and damaged fibers can be regenerated with the help of chondroprotectors.

Shoulder bone fracture

If there has been an injury, pain in the shoulder area on the left side may indicate a bone fracture. Trauma pain syndrome can affect not only the shoulder, but also the forearm, as well as the neck. In this case, the discomfort is disturbing both in the lying position and in the standing position. Even the shoulder blade may hurt, especially if the fracture caused bone displacement. A displaced injury is characterized by the appearance of a hematoma, tumor, and shoulder deformity. The pain in this case will be more pronounced.

You can get rid of pain syndrome only after eliminating its cause. So, light form fracture requires treatment with a plaster cast. If displacement is diagnosed, it is necessary to perform a reduction, which should only be carried out by a doctor. After this procedure, a plaster cast is applied, which is worn for two months.

The treatment process includes taking painkillers and calcium supplements.

Intervertebral hernia of the cervical spine

Such a pathological phenomenon as intervertebral hernia, is characterized by a pain syndrome that spreads along the entire arm, covering areas such as the neck, shoulder, forearm, and scapula. Swelling occurs along with pain, headache, dizziness, loss of consciousness, hand goes numb. The natural indicator may be disrupted blood pressure. At the same time, the person becomes more irritable and quickly gets tired of physical work.

The syndrome is aching in nature and occurs with some frequency. Increased pain is observed after coughing, sneezing, bending and turning the head.

If a hernia is diagnosed, treatment for this cause of pain can be either conservative or surgical. You can eliminate pain in areas such as the neck, forearm, shoulder, shoulder blade and arm with the help of painkillers. No less useful is treatment with physiotherapy and gymnastics, which help strengthen and relax muscles.

Treatment with surgery is indicated only after diagnosing the rapid progression of the pathology and the ineffectiveness of other methods of eliminating the hernia.

Myositis

Why does myositis occur? The causes of this disease lie in hypothermia, ARVI, and influenza. Main symptom– pain on the left side, which covers areas such as the back of the head, forearm, shoulder, neck. If the involvement of large nerves in the pathological process is diagnosed, the pain spreads along the entire arm, and the shoulder blade may also hurt.

It is recommended to treat the disease with complete rest of the limb. In this case it is necessary to do various compresses on the affected area and apply ointment. Treatment with analgesics will help eliminate discomfort and pain. But it is worth considering that treatment should be aimed, first of all, at eliminating the cause of pain, that is, myositis.

Capsulitis

Pain only in the left shoulder area can be a symptom of capsulitis - inflammation of the capsule and synovium of the joint. Common hypothermia, frequent colds, diseases of the spine, heart, and joints can lead to the development of the disease.

Symptoms can be determined based on the stage of the disease.

Treatment of the cause of pain is determined based on the stage of the disease, as well as the individual characteristics of the patient’s body. In the first stages, discomfort can be eliminated with an anesthetic. Severe pain it is necessary to treat with injections of glucocorticosteroids, and massage and physical therapy are also recommended. If a severe course of the disease is diagnosed, surgery is prescribed.

Arthritis

Arthritis is an inflammatory process that is accompanied by degeneration and dystrophy of joint cartilage. Damage to the joint leads to loss of normal functioning. Symptoms on different stages distinctive:

1. At the first stage there is It's a dull pain, which intensifies with exercise and subsides with rest. Also, an increase in the syndrome is observed in a lying position, especially at night.
2. In the second stage, the pain is constant. At the same time, the hand goes numb.
3. At the third stage, the process of shoulder deformation develops.

Treatment is carried out with the help of non-steroidal drugs, analgesics, glucocorticoids. It is also recommended to do physiotherapeutic procedures and follow proper diet nutrition. In severe cases, surgery is prescribed.

Angina pectoris

The pain syndrome associated with a disease such as angina pectoris has a different character. So, it can be pressing, squeezing, burning or cutting. The natural zone of pain localization is on the left behind the sternum. Irradiation of pain can be observed in the following areas: left hypochondrium, neck, shoulder, forearm, shoulder blade, arm and even the lower jaw.

Treatment of pain syndrome means, first of all, eliminating the provoking cause, that is, angina pectoris. The necessary medications should only be prescribed by a doctor. If the disease is diagnosed at a severe stage, surgical intervention is resorted to.

Periarthritis

Periarthritis is the deposition of salts in the shoulder joint. As a rule, there is an asymmetrical lesion, that is, one shoulder is affected (in our case, the left).

The initial stage of development of the disease is characterized by moderate pain, which occurs only during physical activity (raising the arm, rotating movement). As the pathology progresses, the pain becomes constant, occurring in a lying position, especially at night.

In some cases, the syndrome radiates to areas such as the shoulder blade, forearm, and also to the neck. The inflammatory process causes swelling and limited joint mobility.

Treatment depends on the severity of the pathology. Pain can be eliminated with an anesthetic, whereas if there is inflammatory process use other drugs. Severe cases of the disease require immobilization of the hand. Physiotherapeutic procedures are also carried out.

Prevention of left shoulder pain

To prevent the appearance of shoulder pain and, as a consequence, the development of diseases in this area, it is important to follow the following rules and recommendations:

You should organize a proper diet. So, it is necessary to consume a minimum of deli meats, sweet foods and other foods with a high protein content.

It is necessary not to overwork yourself with excessive physical activity: They must be optimal to the best of their ability. An excellent choice would be yoga, swimming, physical therapy, as well as other activities that do not require heavy physical activity.

It is very useful to perform a general massage, which helps improve blood flow and relax muscles.

Sleeping on a hard surface will help prevent pathologies of the musculoskeletal system and improve your posture.

To summarize, it is worth noting that any discomfort in the shoulder area should not be ignored, as serious complications can result. Timely contact with a specialist and implementation of the necessary measures will help prevent the disease from progressing to a severe stage and chronic course.

The patient’s task is to take the treatment and doctor’s recommendations seriously and responsibly. Only in this case is it possible positive result and a favorable prognosis.

Itching is an unpleasant sensation that accompanies many diseases of the skin and internal organs. Basically, it appears together with other symptoms (redness, swelling, etc.) that accompany it or “lag behind” in manifestation and appear a little later - it all depends on the etiology.

The occurrence of itching is associated with irritation of receptors located in the skin and mucous membranes, which transmit signals through nerve pathways to the central parts of the nervous system.

External irritants of skin receptors include: electrostatic influence (for example, as a result of the interaction of skin and things made of synthetic fabrics), insect bites and crawling, slight oscillatory movements of vellus hair, chemical substances included in detergents, plants.

Conditionally itching without external manifestations has the following classification: by reason of occurrence, severity, localization and time of occurrence. The main causes of itching without accompanying symptoms include:

• dry skin;
• skin aging;
• pregnancy;
• oncological diseases;
• side effects of medications;
• diseases of the nervous system.

Dry skin

Dryness or xerosis - characterized by a dull hue, the presence of age spots, a feeling of tightness and a finely porous structure of the skin. On the surface of this type of skin, minor mechanical irritations cause microtrauma and peeling. There is a feeling of discomfort in places of greatest friction and flexion surfaces.

Depending on the tone of the skin, experts distinguish:

1. Dry skin with decreased tone. This type often occurs in the eye and lip area;
2. Dry skin with normal tone, which is elastic, smooth, and matte. Can occur on various parts of the body. Itching is typical for this type of skin.

Causes of dry skin include:

1. Dehydration that occurs due to an imbalance in water balance (insufficient water intake at a rate of 6–8 glasses per day, hyperhidrosis (excessive sweating), consumption of foods that help remove fluid from the body.).
2. Genetic predisposition combined with exposure to external factors.
3. Seasonal factor (as a rule, in winter the skin becomes dry due to the operation of heating devices in the house).
4. Long sunbathing.
5. Rapid weight loss.
6. Diabetes.
7. Constant work at the computer, the radiation of which affects the skin.
8. Hormonal changes (during menopause, pregnancy).
9. Hypovitaminosis (deficiency of certain vitamins in the body).

Skin aging

The causes of itching in old age are closely related to anatomical and physiological changes that occur in all body systems, including the skin. First of all, these changes concern blood vessels (atherosclerotic changes occur), the function of the external and internal secretion, atrophic changes occurring in the sweat, sebaceous glands ah, nerve endings, decreased bowel function.

Elderly people, against the background of the above changes, are characterized by a dry skin type with reduced tone. Any part of the body can itch in old age. Itching occurs after 60 years of age most often in the stronger sex. in women they are more often observed during the postmenopausal period, which is accompanied by hormonal changes. Its intensity increases at night. Over time, scratch marks and foci of inflammation in the form of eczema appear at the site of the itching.

Pregnancy

During pregnancy, skin itching occurs various reasons and localization. At the end of the second and during the third period of pregnancy, the fetus gains weight and grows rapidly. As a result, the skin in the lower abdomen is stretched, which is accompanied by itching, and in some pregnant women, the appearance of stretch marks (striae). Similar processes occur.

Another cause of itching during pregnancy is. Cholestasis can occur in the last months of pregnancy and is accompanied by itching of the plantar and palmar surfaces. In some women, it “rises” to the lower legs, thighs, forearms and shoulders.

In addition, women may experience itching to objects or chemicals to which they previously had no reaction. The main reason for the above changes is hormonal changes, which lead to a decrease in immunity.

Oncological diseases

Malignant diseases lead to changes in metabolism under the influence of the growth of tumor cells. The process of tumor growth and metastasis is accompanied by the appearance of a number of symptoms characteristic of oncological diseases. One of them includes itching of the skin, changes in its color and turgor.

Skin itching is mostly generalized and occurs in one out of three cases of cancer. Another cause of itching in a malignant disease is associated with the release of special substances by modified cells, such as kallikrein and histamine.

Side effects of drugs

Some medications can cause itching of the skin, which is subsequently accompanied by other symptoms. For example, urticaria is an allergic reaction that occurs in response to the introduction of certain antibacterial drugs(penicillins), insulin, vitamins and analgesics.

Urticaria begins with severe itching of various areas of the skin. Subsequently, blisters appear on the itchy areas of the skin, and general symptoms: fever, headache, etc. In some cases, itching occurs after applying certain ointments, creams and tinctures to the skin.

Aquagenic itch

Diagnosis for this pathological condition is installed if:

• a feeling of itching of the skin occurs immediately during or after contact with water;
• none somatic diseases or are not taking medications that may cause itching;
• there are no pathological changes in the skin;
• urticaria of various etiologies (cold, cholinergic) is excluded.

A similar pathological reaction is observed with equal frequency in men and women aged 16 to 80 years. Some patients experience itching when the external temperature changes. The favorite localization of itching is the skin of the legs, less often it itches in the torso, head and arms. Sometimes it is so severe that it can lead to irritability and depression.

Nervous system diseases

For example, with dermatozoal delirium (a mental illness with tactile hallucinosis syndrome), patients complain of generalized itching. This type of delusion is characteristic of schizophrenia and some psychoses.

Remedies

Only a specialist should treat itchy skin. After consulting with your doctor, you can follow the recommendations below to speed up recovery and alleviate the condition:

1. Observe general hygiene measures and avoid using detergents and cosmetics that cause itchy skin.
2. Wear clothes that suit the season and are made from natural fibers (cotton, linen), especially this recommendation applies to bedding and underwear; people with sensitive skin should be careful when wearing clothes made from wool.
3. Persons with a predisposition to allergies need to limit or completely eliminate foods that stimulate the synthesis of histamine, such foods include: canned fish, tomatoes, spinach, cheeses, chocolate, spices.
4. It is recommended to use hypoallergenic creams and oils as skin softening agents.
5. You should not take medications uncontrollably, as many of them cause itchy skin.

Constant itching can cause many problems. It becomes difficult to do work normally, and rest ceases to be complete, since the unpleasant sensations and the desire to scratch do not disappear even at night. That is why it is necessary to know the causes of itching.

If, you should immediately consult a doctor, because itching can signal such serious diseases as eczema, dermatitis and even diabetes.

Dry skin

The simplest reason that makes you want to constantly scratch your hands is dry skin, which can occur due to overuse soap Doctors, cooks, and educators often encounter this problem, because they have to wash their hands with soap quite often. The result is dry skin and regular itching. To solve the problem in this situation, it is enough to constantly use a rich baby cream; it will perfectly moisturize your hands.

Allergy

Often allergic reactions manifest themselves in the appearance of red spots on the skin and constant itching upon contact with an irritant. A person may suffer from allergies to dust, pet hair, mold, dyes and not even realize it for some time. Therefore, if your hands begin to itch after some specific action, for example, general cleaning, you need to visit a doctor and undergo scarification tests that will help identify allergens.

Serious illnesses

Sometimes itching on the hands can indicate the presence of dangerous diseases that need to be identified and treated as quickly as possible:

• psoriasis;
• eczema;
• scabies
• diabetes.

Each disease is accompanied by different symptoms:

1. With psoriasis, in addition to itching, a person may notice the appearance of spots on the skin, from which small flakes of gray skin separate. Gradually, spots and itching spread throughout the body, causing agony.
2. Eczema can be recognized by the appearance of fluid-filled blisters on some areas of the skin. The epidermis begins to peel and crack, the affected areas itch unbearably.
3. Scabies is accompanied by severe itching, worsening at night.

With diabetes, the arms, legs, and buttocks itch, and characteristic pimples with a yellowish crust form in these same places.

Fungus

If your hands itch, it could be a sign of a fungal infection. Particular attention should be paid to the wrists and hands; these are the areas most often affected by the fungus.

The sooner you start treating these serious illnesses, the greater the chance that complications will be avoided. That is why you cannot ignore itching on your hands in the hope that it will “go away on its own”; you should immediately visit a doctor and begin therapy.

Itching in the back area is an unpleasant sensation, and if the back itches frequently, it causes a person significant physical and psychological discomfort. In addition, persistent itching can signal health problems. Let's try to understand the reasons why your back itches.

Why does my back itch?

Most often, itchy skin is caused by dermatological diseases. The main pathological processes are:

Sometimes the back itches between the shoulder blades not because of health pathologies, but because the rules of hygienic care are not properly observed, there are insect bites (mosquitoes, bedbugs, etc.), the skin is burned due to intense exposure to ultraviolet rays during exposure to beach or visiting a solarium.

Older people often complain that their backs itch in the same place. In this case, senile itching is a physiological phenomenon that occurs for no specific reason.

Why does my back itch along my spine?

• Psoriasis is an autoimmune chronic disorder, the symptoms of which alternate with periods of attenuation and exacerbation.
• Urticaria - this disease occurs as a reaction of the body to certain foods, cosmetics, synthetic fabrics or personal hygiene products, that is, it manifests itself in the form of an allergic reaction.
• Neurodermatitis is a neuro-allergic disease, the main symptoms of which are characteristic plaques appearing on the skin, accompanied by constant itching. As a rule, they itch especially badly at night.
• Scabies - manifests itself in the form of a rash both on the back and on the rest of the body; this disease can be caused by the scabies mite, which lives in feather blankets and pillows.
• Seborrhea - the cause of this disease is a disruption of the sebaceous glands, as a result of which the skin either dries out or becomes too “oily”.
• Fungal infections of the epidermis - the most common disease of this type is lichen planus.
• Skin infections - manifest as inflamed pimples, the most common conditions being folliculitis and impetigo.

Hidden diseases of the body

Very often, itching manifests itself as a symptom of a hidden disease, the presence of which a person is not even aware of. It can be:

1. Diseases of the gallbladder and liver, as well as inflammation of the bile ducts accompanied by jaundice.
2. Endocrine diseases.
3. Iron deficiency anemia and other blood diseases.
4. Some mental disorders– for example, depression and neurotic conditions, as well as conditions caused by the use of narcotic drugs.

If the characteristic symptoms of itching on the back appear regularly, this is a sufficient reason to immediately contact the appropriate specialist. Effective treatment, started in a timely manner, will guarantee quick relief from the disease and its accompanying symptoms.

Itching in the spine

The feeling of unbearably wanting to scratch your spine is familiar to many people. The reasons for such a desire, as a rule, are irritation of the nerve endings located directly along the spine, arising due to their complete or partial compression. This condition may be accompanied by numbness, and irritation may also be felt around each vertebra in the back.

All that can be advised in this case is to see a specialist as quickly as possible so that he can conduct a full examination and make the correct diagnosis. Only after this can treatment be prescribed.

Preventing itching

If a person knows exactly why his back itches in the area of ​​the shoulder blades, he can take adequate measures aimed at completely getting rid of such an unpleasant condition.

The main thing is to follow all doctors’ orders and constantly monitor your own health. How to prevent the occurrence of itching in the shoulder blades in the future? To do this you should:

• Give preference to clothes made from natural materials.
• Maintain personal hygiene.
• Eat right.
• Avoid prolonged exposure to the sun.
• Respond in a timely manner to all changes in the skin.

It is important to remember that a healthy person is not one who is constantly being treated, but one who regularly monitors his health and takes all necessary preventive measures aimed at maintaining his own body.