After a strong sunburn allergic to the sun. Allergy to the sun: treatment. Allergy to the sun: what to do. Vegetable porridge

Allergy to the sun is not quite correctly called a reaction that manifests itself in certain people under the influence of sun rays. It is correct to call it photodermatosis, or solar dermatitis.

There is an assumption that this allergy does not appear due to exposure to the sun, because it does not contain protein in its beam.

In this case, the sun's rays are attributed only to a certain factor. It is believed that the sun can only affect a certain type of people who suffer from diseases of the system organs and have accumulated a large amount of allergens in their bodies.

In this article we will talk about sun allergy - its symptoms and treatment methods, and also consider detailed photos.

Causes

allergic or toxic effect ultraviolet (solar) rays are manifested when they are combined with substances already on the skin - exogenous photodermatitis, with substances that are in the skin cells - endogenous photodermatitis.

Sunlight, in principle, cannot be an allergen, but it can provoke several types of aggressive reactions not only of the immune system, but of the whole organism:

Photoallergy or allergy to the sun - photosensitivity.
Phototraumatic reaction - elementary from too "zealous" sunburn.
Phototoxic reaction - photodermatosis caused by the interaction of ultraviolet radiation and certain types of drugs, plants.

All types of reactions are manifested by varying degrees of skin pigmentation, in addition, in people with a tendency to allergies, even a seemingly safe half-hour exposure to the sun can cause severe allergies.

TO internal factors development of photodermatitis include:

Row reception pharmacological preparations such as hormonal birth control pills high in estrogens, some antibiotics, diuretics, antidepressants, etc.;
Deficiency of vitamins in the body;
Reduced immunity.

TO external reasons it is customary to attribute the use of various creams and other cosmetics, which include certain components, such as sandalwood oil, musk, etc.

prone to appear photodermatosis:

Small children;
people from fair skin;
pregnant women;
those who the day before were subjected to cosmetic procedures using cadmium salts (chemical peeling, tattooing).
persons who abuse solariums;

There are also substances that, when taken orally, may develop photodermatitis. This group includes individual medications and some foodstuffs.

antibiotics (doxycycline, tetracycline);
preparations for the treatment of cardiac diseases;
aspirin;
antibacterial drugs;
ibuprofen;
antidepressants;
diuretics;
tranquilizers;
oral contraceptives with a high content of estrogen.

Therefore, if you cannot stop taking some medications, consult your doctor about the risk of photodermatitis when taking them.

Sun allergy symptoms

Allergy to the sun, like any other pathology, has a number of its symptoms and signs. It is conditionally possible to distinguish local and general manifestations from them.

Main symptoms photodermatosis:

redness and inflammation of the skin;
peeling of the skin;
often accompanied by intense itching and burning;
rashes can be in the form of folliculitis (pustules) or papules.

Often this condition does not develop immediately. Unlike a burn, it can occur several hours after you leave the beach, and in some cases even after returning from the resort. A phototoxic reaction can occur several hours after sun exposure, while a photoallergic reaction can occur even days after sun exposure.

General symptoms:

An increase in temperature indicates that toxic compounds have entered the bloodstream from the skin;
Dizziness;
as a result of getting into the blood of the allergen leads to fainting.

It should be noted that small skin lesions rarely result in the general symptoms of sun allergy. What to do if you find yourself with this symptomatology, we will consider a little lower.

Allergy to the sun photo

You can see what solar allergy looks like in these photos:

What to do in this case?

Before treating an allergy to the sun, it is necessary to exclude other factors of influence. They also help. This antihistamines, which relieve itching and eliminate puffiness. You can buy them at the nearest pharmacy without a doctor's prescription.

sun allergy treatment

There is no universal cure for sun allergy. In therapy, it is important to follow an individual approach. How to treat an allergy to the sun will depend on the localization of inflammation on the skin, the severity of the rash and the presence of general symptoms.

In most cases, the treatment program includes the following components:

Non-hormonal creams and ointments for external use: desitin, etc.
Corticosteroid drugs: are prescribed for severe forms of photodermatitis and only as directed by a doctor.
Ointments based on zinc, methyluracil, hydrocortisone.
Antihistamines: "", "", "Erius", "" and others (see).
Vitamin therapy, immunotherapy: the doctor prescribes immunostimulating drugs that will help strengthen the body's defenses.
Enterosorbents:, Polyphepan,. Helps to quickly cleanse the body of toxins and allergens.
To restore liver function, the doctor prescribes hepatoprotectors: "", "Glutargin", "Silibor", "and other herbal preparations.

Treatment depends on the specific type of allergic reaction. In mild cases, simply avoiding the sun for a few days may be enough to get rid of the symptoms.

Prevention

If there is an allergy to the sun, what to do, how to deal with it? First of all, it is important to understand that any disease is better to prevent than to cure. That's why:

Should be used with caution medical preparations containing photosensitizing substances.
Start sunbathing with short stays in the open sun, in the early days it should be only 10-15 minutes.
With a predisposition to sun allergies, it is recommended to wear clothes made from natural fabrics, a cut that covers the body from exposure to direct ultraviolet radiation.
If the allergy is chronic, before the start of the spring-summer season, you can start taking drugs with photoprotective properties, of course, after consulting a doctor.

How to treat allergies folk remedies?

If it is impossible to consult a doctor, you can try using folk remedies, which will help to alleviate the pain and itching of the skin at first.

For example, use cucumber juice, potatoes or cabbage leaves, as they have softening properties and contribute to rapid healing wounds and skin lesions.
Infusions of celandine and calendula are used, with the help of which cold compresses are made.

Many do not know how to properly treat allergies and in most cases self-medicate, but this should never be allowed. After detecting the first signs of the disease, you should immediately consult a doctor. By neglecting treatment, you can provoke the appearance of eczema, which is much more difficult to treat.

Allergy to the sun - psychosomatics

Naturally, every allergic person wants to learn as much as possible about this disease and, of course, to be cured. It should be noted that in addition to biological causes and various external factors, psychosomatics (human emotions) play an important role in the process of allergic reactions. It is one thing when a person develops an allergy in old age due to the slagging of the body, which requires systemic cleansing of the blood, intestines, and liver. A completely different option is when a person contains a lot of false attitudes, fears, negative emotions, and doubts in his head.

Most likely, everyone once noticed the fact that after a long emotional overstrain or severe stress, he, as a rule, fell ill with something. At a young age, these are usually colds, the root cause of which a person finds in natural irritants for him - freezing, draft, water from the refrigerator, air conditioning blown, etc. At an older age, when a person is already endowed with some kind of chronic diseases, their manifestation is attributed to the usual predictable exacerbation and is taken, without surprise, for granted.

In fact, the reason may lie in a strong emotional weakening of the body, which provokes a decrease in human immunity. So, various phobias and fears can serve as the causes of allergy to the sun, panic attacks, mental explosion and the strongest antagonism. Manifestations of this type of allergy can occur at times when you feel extremely uncomfortable when sunbathing on the beach in a bathing suit, ashamed of your body. Or you are very annoyed by the fact that you have pale skin that instantly burns out in the sun, and there are so many beautiful tanned bodies around. The bases can be very different. Carefully analyze everything on your own, find the reason in yourself.

Sunlight is an integral part of the life of every living being.

On the one hand, the sun exerts a huge positive influence on the body: activates metabolic processes, stimulates the production of vitamin D, improves mood.

But, on the other hand, it contributes to the rapid aging of the skin, increases pigmentation, increases the risk of developing cancerous tumors, instantly exacerbates allergic reactions and is a great provocateur of the immune system (the immune system begins to “incorrectly” react to harmless things).

Types of sun allergies

Ultraviolet rays with a certain wavelength excite immune cells (basophils) that are located in the thickness of the skin. As a result, basophils explode under the influence of UV radiation.

This process activates the release of enzymes, such as serotonin and others, they are elements of inflammatory compounds that are released into the thickness of the skin and cause an allergic reaction.

Exist the following types body response to sunlight

Phototraumatic is when a person gets sunburn on their skin. The reaction can occur both in people with allergies and in completely healthy people. UV rays act at different times in different ways on a person:
- in the first 15-20 minutes there is a warming and antidepressant effect, the production of vitamin D;
- after 2 hours of sun exposure, sunburn, pigmentation, decreased immunity may develop.
Phototoxic- this is when burns appear on the skin, severe redness caused by the action of certain drugs or cosmetics, as well as certain foods. Medicine calls such substances photosensitizers. More often, women and children suffer from this type of reaction to solar radiation, as they constantly use cosmetics.
Photoallergic is a specific reaction of the body to UV radiation. Immune cells go on the attack and substances begin to be released in the body, which are the causes of inflammation and swelling. Because of this reaction, you can die if timely assistance is not provided. Such a response of the body can occur both in the first minutes of being in the sun, and within a few days.

Photo types of reactions:

Burn in the sun

Photodermatosis

Severe photosensitivity after medication

Reaction symptoms

Each of these reactions is shown in open areas bodies:

on the face;
on shoulders;
on hands;
on foot;
on the skin of the body.

In children, rashes can be noticed in the first minutes or hours of sunbathing. Sometimes the consequences of the sun in a child look like.

Photos of sunburn in children:

Minor negative symptoms often begin with the appearance of the first spring sun, and their intensity especially increases in the summer. By the end of the summer season, the brightness of negative signs subsides.

In adults, it all starts with the appearance of bubbles, elevations on the skin, roughness. This rash is itchy and itchy, and there is a feeling of heat in the affected areas.

Redness can spread beyond the "sick" areas, may take on a swollen appearance. In a neglected state, red spots turn into weeping wounds and cracks. Exposure to the sun also affects the general condition of a person. There may be fever, chills, nausea, vomiting, headache, dizziness, decreased blood pressure as a result of fainting.

Causes of pathology

Sun allergies can manifest in any place where sunlight is present:

in the city;
In the woods;
on vacation in hot countries;
after sunbathing in a solarium, etc.

List of causes contributing to the appearance of photodermatosis:

People with fair skin and hair, children under 3 years old, pregnant women are especially susceptible to the negative effects of the sun.

Changes that occur under the influence of the sun on the skin in childhood are irreversible. They accumulate and appear already in the adult period. If a child has received a sunburn (age up to 3 years is considered the most dangerous), then the possibility of consequences from UV radiation increases significantly.

Video from Dr. Malysheva:

List of photosensitizers

Photosensitizers are substances of various origins, causing an increase sensitivity of the skin to solar radiation. Often it is they who provoke negative conditions of the dermis.

Therefore, if you belong to a risk group or are planning a vacation in the midst of summer days, then you should exclude the list of the following products and medicines from use:

alcoholic beverages, especially red wine;
tomatoes, carrots, sour apples, citrus fruits, figs, pomegranate, parsley, celery;
freshly squeezed juices from these products;
cosmetics containing oils of musk, bergamot, lime;
cream or medicines containing St. John's wort;
antibiotics of the tetracycline group (Doxal, Doxycilin, Unidox, Tetracycline, Rondomycin, etc.);
corticosteroid hormonal preparations (Prednisolone, Hydrocortisone, Sinaflan, Dermovate, etc.);
drugs that slow down cell division (Flutamide, Methotrexate, Azotriopine, etc.);
means for lowering blood sugar (Diabeton, Siofor, Novonorm, etc.);
antidepressants, neuroleptics (Bifol, Azafen, Aminosil, Truxal, etc.);
oral contraceptives with a high content of estrogens (Tri-regol, Ovidon, etc.);
aspirin;
cardiopreparations (Cardiomagnyl, Magnikor, etc.);
cream with retinol;
vitamins B6 and B2;
diuretics (Furasemide, Pamid, Indap);
antifungal agents (Griseofulvin, Lamisil, Tsidokan, etc.);
fluoroquinolones (Ofloxocin, Ciprofloxocin, etc.).

In order to protect yourself and your loved ones, carefully study the annotations to the drugs and follow the recommendations of your doctor.

Treatment Methods

Like any disease, photodermatosis has a specific treatment strategy. The course of treatment should be prescribed by a doctor, especially when it comes to children.

How to get rid of an allergic reaction?

First of all, you need to eliminate the factor that causes allergies. At moments of intense solar radiation, wear clothes that cover all kinds of parts of the body, hats with wide brim (this will add zest to the female image).

Try to spend more time in the shade, although there is also UV radiation, but in a less intense form. When the first symptoms appear, you should take a cool shower or wet the affected areas with a damp, cool towel. Forbidden to use at the moment detergents, this may exacerbate the problem.

Preparations

Inside it is worth taking desensitizing (pills):

and etc.

When choosing them, you should focus on the age of the victim and carefully study the instructions in order to correctly calculate the dosage. Drugs in the form of drops begin to act faster. Third generation drugs the best remedy to safely relieve allergy symptoms, as they do not affect nervous system and are not sedative.

For local treatment you can use gels or creams:

ointment;
ointment Dermodrin etc.

These remedies will help to quickly relieve itching.

For a quick effect, some doctors prescribe. Hormonal remedies allow you to solve the problem in a day. Topical application of hormones is safe, since the absorption of the drug occurs to a minimum.

These drugs include:

Prednisolone;
Sinaflan;
and etc.

For healing and to eliminate redness, it is worth using creams based on dexpanthenol:

D-panthenol;
Dexpanthenol.

For the treatment of burns, it is better to use:

spray Panthenol;
gel or ointment Solcoseryl;
cream psilo-balm.

It is also worth cleansing the body from the inside of toxins and allergens.

For this, sorbents are used:

Smecta;
White coal, etc.

During this period, you need to drink more pure water.

In this situation, you can use vitamins A, E, nicotinic acid, calcium. It is also worth adhering to, excluding alcohol and products containing photosensitizers.

Folk remedies

To improve the results of traditional therapy, it is worth using recipes. In such cases, she recommends ingesting Chinese brown algae - spirulina. It increases the protective properties of the body and normalizes metabolism.

The vitamins and microelements contained in it improve the condition of the skin, eliminate inflammatory processes, and increase immunity. It is recommended to take 2 capsules three times a day.

There are contraindications:

thrombosis;
heart attack or stroke;
stomach ulcer;
internal bleeding.

For local application lotions with decoction help a lot. For a glass of boiling water, you need to take 2 tablespoons of herb succession. Infuse the decoction until cold and strain. Moisten a sterile bandage in a decoction and apply to painful areas for 15-20 minutes. Repeat the procedure 3-4 times a day. This will relieve inflammation and itching, accelerate healing.

The use of folk remedies cannot be a complete alternative to traditional medical supplies. This is just a good addition to the treatment prescribed by the doctor.

Measures to prevent photodermatosis:

Sunbathing should be started dosed, the more gradually the skin gets used to sunlight, the less the risk of negative reactions. Reading to acquaint kids with the sun is worth 5-10 minutes of exposure to the sun.
Avoid exposure to air in the summer from 10 am to 2 pm. During this period of time, UV radiation is the most aggressive.
Protect your skin with clothing to the maximum, wear hats. This is especially true for young children. Their skin is super sensitive and delicate.
Apply sunscreen to exposed areas of the dermis. For the best protective effect, they should be applied 30 minutes before going outside and repeated every 2 hours. Such protection should also be used on a cloudy day, since UV rays can be reflected and scattered. Choose a cream with an SPF 50+ protection factor (this figure shows the degree of protection, the higher it is, the more protected the skin is). For people prone to allergies and children, it is better to choose a product based on mineral filters. They are considered the safest bases for sunscreens.
Exclude visits - this is an aggressive factor influencing the skin, which can cause irreversible consequences.
Read the instructions for the medicines you are using very carefully. The presence in them of components that increase the sensitivity of the skin can lead to allergic rashes. All incomprehensible points should be discussed with the attending physician.
Before the planned vacation, in advance, make an audit of the food in your home. Eliminate for a while food that contains photosensitizers.

Skin color protection

We must always remember that the harm caused by the sun is cumulative, so it is always worthwhile to competently approach each new vacation. This will help to maintain health and protect against deplorable consequences in the future.

Summer is a great time for holidays and travel. However, in Lately All more people faced with such a problem as an allergy to the sun.

Symptoms of this disease can appear literally in a matter of seconds and significantly spoil the summer vacation.

In medicine, this condition is called photodermatosis or phototoxic reaction.

Causes

Most often, allergy to sunlight occurs in people with the first skin phototype.

main reason this disease are photosensitizers or photoreactive agents.

After exposure to ultraviolet radiation, they cause changes that provoke the manifestations of the disease.

Phototoxic reactions can be associated with the action of various substances.

To determine the causes of the reaction, you need to know where they are contained:

hygiene products– in particular, antibacterial soap;
cosmetics- most creams, colognes, lipsticks and deodorants contain such substances;
nutritional supplements- for example, sweeteners;
household chemicals- naphthalene balls;
medications.

Also, such substances can enter the body during tattooing, since cadmium sulfate is used during this procedure.

The causes also include Gunther's disease.

Such people have pale skin, very thick eyebrows and eyelashes, are afraid of sunlight due to the appearance of ulcers and cracks in the skin.

Another cause of photodermatosis is pellagra.

This disease is a violation of the absorption or deficiency of nicotinic acid in the body.

Development mechanism

Sunlight itself is not an allergen, but it can lead to aggressive reactions of the immune system and the whole organism:

phototraumatic reaction- represents a sunburn after prolonged exposure to the sun;
phototoxic reaction- consists in the development of photodermatosis, which is provoked by the interaction of ultraviolet radiation and certain varieties of plants or drugs;
photoallergy- is photosensitivity.

All forms of reaction are accompanied by varying degrees of skin pigmentation.

The exception is people who are prone to allergic reactions.

In them, even a half-hour exposure to the sun can cause severe symptoms of the disease.

Pathology may be associated with the action of photosensitizers, which include many foods, plants, drugs.

They increase the sensitivity of the skin to ultraviolet radiation and activate the body's defenses, including an aggressive immune response.

All photosensitizers can be differentiated by the speed of exposure:

optional– lead to photosensitivity quite rarely. This happens only in the case of prolonged exposure to the sun and subject to the presence of an allergic readiness. Such substances usually lead to the corresponding reactions;
obligate- always provoke photosensitivity of the skin. Sometimes this happens literally after 10 minutes or a few hours. Obligate substances lead to a phototoxic reaction.

In addition to allergy symptoms, there may be an exacerbation of herpes, eczema, psoriasis.

There are also photosensitizers that provoke the acceleration of skin aging and contribute to the appearance of cancer.

Kinds

Under the influence of sunlight can develop different kinds photodermatoses:

sunburn. It is an acute phototraumatic reaction characterized by inflammation of the skin. Recently, this condition has increasingly provoked the development of melanoma;
chronic exposure to ultraviolet rays often leads to geroderma. This disease does not resemble the classic symptoms of an allergy, but the processes occurring in the body are similar to the immune response in response to exposure to an allergen;
in contact with phototoxic plants photodermatosis, which is also called "meadow" photodermatitis, may develop. Plant sensitizers include plants with salicylates and coumarins in the composition;
sun eczema and pruritus are characteristic conditions that accompany sun allergy;
Allergy may be the result of polymorphic dermatosis, which consists in the appearance of light-dependent rashes.

Allergy to the sun, burns or hypersensitivity?

The first manifestations of sunburn resemble signs of photodermatitis, so it can be quite difficult to make a correct diagnosis.

To differentiate these conditions, it is necessary to take into account such features of the clinical picture:

with photodermatitis pain absent, whereas burns are always accompanied by great discomfort;
with allergies, itching begins almost immediately after the sun's rays hit the skin. With a burn, this condition is observed only after 4-5 days;
as a result of pressure on the skin during a burn, a white mark will remain, while allergies are not accompanied by similar symptoms;
with allergies, redness and itching occur not only in the area of sunlight, but also outside it. With burns, such symptoms do not leave the boundaries of the affected area.

Symptoms of manifestation

All symptoms of photodermatitis are conditionally divided into two categories - general and local.

Thanks to this, you can find out what the reaction looks like in the sun.

Local manifestations include:

redness of some areas of the skin, even with a slight exposure to the sun;
sensation of itching and burning on the skin;
the appearance of swelling of the skin;
skin rash;
the formation of blisters on the skin.

Common manifestations include:

an increase in body temperature - occurs as a result of the ingress of toxic substances into the blood;
fainting - is a consequence of a drop in blood pressure;
dizziness;
nausea;
weakness;
headache.

If small areas of the skin are affected, general symptoms usually do not develop.

Provoking factors

Various factors can provoke the development of a reaction to the sun:

liver disease;
disorders in the gallbladder;
diseases of the digestive system;
enzymatic deficiency;
thyroid pathology;
chronic diseases kidneys;
helminthic invasion;
violation of pigment metabolism;
deficiency of vitamins PP, A, E;
uncontrolled use of drugs;
prone to allergic reactions.

It should be borne in mind that certain drugs can provoke the development of sensitivity to the sun.

Phototoxic drugs include the following:

antibiotics of the tetracycline group;
corticosteroid hormones;
cytostatics;
means for lowering sugar levels;
sleeping pills;
oral contraceptives;
sulfonamides;
cardio drugs;
retinols;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs;
neuroleptics;
fluoroquinolones;
antifungal agents;
salicylates;
aspirin;
antiarrhythmic drugs;
diuretics;
vitamins B2 and B6.

In addition, allergic reactions to the sun often occur after eating fruits or contact with plants that contain furocoumarins.

At-risk groups

The following categories of the population are at risk for developing the disease:

young children;
pregnant women;
people with pale skin and blond hair;
people who often visit the solarium;
people who have recently had a chemical peel or tattoo.

What to do

To prevent the onset of symptoms of the disease, you need to follow certain rules:

limit sun exposure. If you are prone to allergies, you can stay under the influence of ultraviolet radiation for no more than 20 minutes;
before going to the beach, it is forbidden to apply decorative cosmetics and perfumes to the skin;
use sunscreen with a high SPF;
refuse to use cosmetics containing fragrances, as it can provoke the appearance of pigmentation;
apply sunscreen about 20 minutes before sun exposure;
after leaving the water, do not wipe dry, so as not to overdry the skin. It is enough to blot it with a towel;
immediately after bathing, it is better to relax in the shade;
in the presence of such problems, you should choose the right time for tanning - before 10 o'clock or after 17 o'clock;
in difficult cases, it is recommended to wear long sleeves in order to cover the surface of the skin as much as possible;
at the first symptoms of an allergy, you should consult a doctor. The specialist will make the correct diagnosis and select effective antihistamines.

How to treat

Treatment of allergies to the sun must necessarily be comprehensive.

To cope with the disease, you need to contact a specialist in time.

Ointments and creams

The most effective allergy remedies are an ointment or cream containing corticosteroid hormones.

However, they can only be used as prescribed by a doctor for severe reactions.

The course of using such drugs should be short, otherwise there is a risk of skin pathologies, rosacea, erythema.

Among non-hormonal agents, it is worth highlighting:

panthenol;
desitin;
glad;
protopic;
la cree;
fenistil gel.

For the treatment of sunburn, such remedies as livian, psilo-balm, flocceta, vinyline, etc. are used.

drugs

After conducting a detailed examination and establishing the cause of the disease, it is necessary to treat allergies with antihistamines - tavegil, claritin, suprastin.

Particularly effective are the means of the third generation - the zodak and tsetrin.

They do not cause drowsiness and can be used for a long time.

The appearance of an allergy to the sun is the result of a weakened immune system, a lack of vitamins.

Therefore, the doctor may prescribe vitamin complexes.

It is also often required to cleanse the body with the help of enterosorbents.

Tablets such as Polysorb, Filtrum, Polyphepan can be used.

folk recipes

To treat allergies at home, you can use folk remedies:

carefully treat the affected areas with watermelon or cucumber juice;
lubricate the skin with cabbage juice, mixing it first with egg white;
lubricate the rashes with a mixture based on honey and water;
breed Apple vinegar water in a ratio of 1: 1 and use the resulting solution to treat the affected areas;
apply compresses based on black tea.

What role does sunscreen play?

Sometimes a person may be allergic to sunscreen.

The fact is that the substances that make up its composition can react with ultraviolet radiation and provoke unwanted reactions.

These components include eosin and para-aminobenzoic acid.

Therefore, products containing such ingredients should be used with extreme caution.

Video: How to enjoy the summer heat

Healthy foods

To prevent the occurrence of unwanted allergic reactions, you need to adjust your diet:

eat a large number of foods containing vitamins C, B and E. It is especially useful to eat fresh berries and fruits - blueberries, pomegranates, currants;
drink plenty of clean water. Thanks to this, it will be possible to cleanse the body of toxic substances. At the same time, carbonated drinks, alcohol and juices are recommended to be completely excluded.
on vacation, be careful about exotic dishes. With high sensitivity to sunlight, such experiments should be avoided.

First aid for acute manifestation

In case of sudden onset of symptoms of the disease, an ambulance should be called immediately.

Before the doctor arrives, you can try to alleviate the person's condition:

Give plenty of fluids to help relieve symptoms of dehydration. In this case, milk, coffee or tea are contraindicated;
cover the skin of the victim with clothing;
apply a cold compress to the affected areas;
if possible, give the person an antihistamine to drink.

Allergy to the sun can lead to vomiting, so the victim should be laid on their side.

Thanks to this, it will be possible to prevent the ingress of vomit into the respiratory system.

To minimize the risk of developing allergic reactions, you should follow certain recommendations:

20 minutes before going outside, apply a protective cream;
after swimming in the pond, blot the skin with a towel;
do not use decorative cosmetics, perfumes, creams;
owners of light and sensitive skin should avoid exposure to sunlight;
in hot weather, drink at least 2 liters of clean water. Limit the amount of hot drinks and completely abandon alcohol;
with a tendency to allergies, carry antihistamines with you. It is best to choose the means of the third generation.

Sun sensitivity is becoming more and more common.

This is a rather unpleasant pathology, which can lead to the development of dangerous complications.

To prevent this, you need to know how this type of allergy manifests itself.

This will allow you to consult a doctor when the first symptoms of pathology appear.

The sun is the most important source of heat and light. It is also involved in many processes in the body, for example, in the creation of hormones important for life. But apart from their positive aspects, the sun also has negative ones. If a person is exposed to the best sunlight for too long, spots or burns may appear on the body. But there are those people who suffer from allergic reactions, even being under sunlight for a short period. many people know, but not everyone knows that this is a disease.

There are people who are contraindicated for a long stay in the cold. The same can apply to people with sun allergies. The epidermis and body of all people are sensitive to the influence of sunlight. But for most of us, the sun's rays have a positive effect - the skin darkens, a tan appears on it. But there are also diseases, which include:

Photodermatitis is the scientific name for the painful perception of the sun's rays. Its rays can interact not only with the epidermis, but also with substances that are inside the body. From this, an allergic reaction appears in the form of rashes and other manifestations.
Günther's disease is one of the manifestations of the disease "photodermatosis". This is a very rare form of the disease, and people who suffer from it cannot tolerate daylight and sunlight. Cracks and ulcers appear on their body from being under the rays. People with this disease have very pale skin, as well as too thick eyebrows and eyelashes. To date, no cure has yet been found for this disease. Therefore, in most cases, people with this disease very rarely go outside during the daytime.
Pellagra is a disease that also has photodermatosis. Health problems in this case arise due to an insufficient amount of nicotinic acid in the body.

Types of sun allergies

The sun's rays can affect human health in completely different ways. Therefore, there is no precise description of what does sun allergy look like. It can be different and expressed as follows:

phototraumatic reaction. This is a common occurrence in the form of burns from prolonged exposure to direct sunlight. This is a natural reaction of the body of any person. To avoid such skin problems and discomfort for the next few days, you need to limit your time in the sun between 11 am and 4 pm.
phototoxic reaction. It can also manifest itself in a person in the form of edema or blisters, which in appearance resemble a sunburn. Most often, this is due to the intake of certain products, drugs, herbs and other means, which include photosensitizers.
photoallergic reaction. This is not a natural process. It is due to the fact that the body of some people does not receive ultraviolet rays. Because of this, the skin and mucous membranes react to the rays as if they were hostile or toxic. Because of this, vesicles, papules may appear on the body, and the skin may thicken.

With an allergy to the sun, pigmentation is disturbed, and roughness appears on the dermis. Most often, this is due to problems with the immune system. Such a reaction can occur in people who suffer from diseases of the liver, kidneys and endocrine system.

Normally, the skin reacts normally to the effects of sunlight, but sometimes its phototoxicity increases significantly after taking various medications, as well as due to the use of certain creams, scrubs or essential oils.

For example, such a reaction can be traced after the application of bergamot or rose oil. Because of them, the skin becomes softer and more tender, which makes it more susceptible to various external manifestations. Of the drugs, Tetracycline, Sedalgin can be distinguished, since they tend to accumulate in the human body. The more of these substances in the body, the more likely it is that the sensitivity of the skin will increase.

Various peelings and cleansing scrubs can also cause a reaction to the sun. Due to their use, the natural epithelium layer is disrupted, and the effect of the sun on the skin can be very aggressive. Blisters and blisters appear on the hands.

So what does an allergy look like it is visually ugly in the sun, then they try to mask it with cosmetics. This leads to an aggravation of the condition of the dermis. However, this cause is not a common manifestation of an allergy. This has more to do with the individual sensitivity and susceptibility of each person's skin to external factors.

There are many factors that can cause such health problems, but there are basic ones. Sun allergies can be caused by:

Some plants, such as meadow plants, contain substances such as furocoumarins. When their juice gets on human skin and subsequent exposure to the sun, symptoms of photodermatitis appear: rash, blisters, itching, and red spots. Areas of skin that have come into contact with plants will have impaired pigmentation for a long period.

Plants that can cause this reaction:

Hogweed, Fig tree, Buckwheat, and, of course, nettle.
Among the herbs that are used for medicinal purposes, there are St. John's wort, clover, sweet clover and agrimony;
Plants that contain chlorophyll and phycocyanin. These include sedge and blue-green algae.

It turns out that an allergy to the sun can also be provoked by a plant that exacerbates the effect of the rays.

Foods that provoke an allergic reaction to the sun

Various foods that almost every person uses in their diet can also cause illness:

Carrot juice, figs, citruses, sorrel, sweet peppers and parsley. Before going out under direct rays, these products should not be eaten and cut. From getting them on the skin of the lips or in the body, an unnatural reaction may occur.
Spicy dishes significantly increase the sensitivity of the human body to ultraviolet rays.
Alcoholic beverages, most commonly wine and champagne, also affect sun sensitivity.
Artificial additives and preservatives.

The disease can also progress in people who are allergic to chocolate or coffee.

The reaction on the body and in the human body can also occur due to various cosmetic products. can be understood after using these tools and not only. The disease may be caused conventional means hygiene, for example, due to antibacterial soap. Provocative substances are also most often found in lotions, perfumes, lipsticks and other cosmetics.

Allergy to the sun can also cause creams that contain nut oil, citrus, cumin, musk, St. John's wort, patchouli and many others. essential oils. You need to be very careful when using creams, as in many cases they only increase the exposure of the human body to ultraviolet rays.

Sunscreens can also have a negative effect. Many of them can cause a very serious allergic reaction. Most often, people who have bought sunscreen with benzophenones or para-aminobenzoic acid meet with such an ailment.

Also, an allergic reaction may occur after the use of certain medications or ointments. Even if a month or more has passed after ultraviolet irradiation, some medications can have an aggressive effect on the human epidermis. Drugs are excreted from the body for a very long time. This period ranges from several months to several years.

Also, an allergy to the sun can occur after tattooing. To transfer the pattern to the body, cadmium sulfate is added to the paint, side effect which can become photosensitivity. Its symptoms are described above.

: main symptoms

Symptoms of the disease can appear on the human body within 1-1.5 hours after he has been in direct sunlight:

First, red spots appear on the body - a burn if exposure to the sun was too strong. The skin may develop blisters, blisters, and then pruritus. However, there are times when the body and dermis do not immediately respond to an allergic reaction. Rashes in this case can occur in the period from 18 hours to 3 days.
If the human body is very sensitive or weakened, the symptoms may manifest as bronchospasm, lowering blood pressure. Often these symptoms are accompanied by fainting or loss of consciousness.
Itching and burning are one of the main, but the most unpleasant symptoms of this disease. It is almost impossible to come to terms with them, which is why many people can only aggravate the situation. Itching can be managed with ointments or folk remedies, but if the patient scratches the blisters, specialized treatment may be needed.

Allergy to the sun in children manifests itself with the same symptoms as in adults. But since the children's body is weaker, the reaction to the sun can be more significant. Except usual symptoms, children may also have a fever, fever, and other problems.

To get a tan on the body, it is not necessary to sunbathe for a long time. To begin with, it is enough to regularly be in the sun for 10-15 minutes, after which the time can be increased. Next, be sure to sit in the shade and throw a cape or towel over your shoulders, as the sun's rays can also be reflected from the sand. Salt water only enhances the effect of ultraviolet rays.

Other prevention tips:

If you are going on a holiday on the coast, try to limit the intake of medications that can cause photodermatosis.
Before sunbathing, it is recommended not to use oils, deodorants and perfumes.
You need to be in the sun in clothes made of natural fabric, which covers the most sensitive areas of the skin.
It is necessary to use creams and products that protect the skin from sunlight.

Everyone can face an allergy to the sun, and therefore some precautions will not be superfluous. By protecting yourself in advance, you can avoid the problems that scorching rays provoke. If you have any doubts about the symptoms and you do not know how to deal with them, be sure to consult an allergist. It will help prevent more serious health problems.

This pathology occurs in 20% of the total population of the globe, being a form of dermatitis due to individual susceptibility of immunity. In the absence of timely treatment, inflammatory processes can turn into chronic form or transform into various types of eczema.

The mechanism of development of photodermatitis

As a rule, direct sunlight cannot lead to an acute reaction, but they can be catalysts for a negative immune reaction, manifesting themselves in the following forms:

phototraumatic reaction (characterized by the usual sunburn);
phototoxic reaction (occurs when the drug interacts with sunlight, resulting in photodermatosis);
photosensitivity (at the same time, in patients predisposed to the disease, allergy to the sun is expressed by strong pigmentation and swelling in the eyes).

Photodermatosis after a strong sunburn provokes a response defense of the body, causing aggression to the irritant. In this case, the body activates histamine and acetylcholine, which contribute to itching, irritation of the mucous membranes of the eyes and rashes throughout the body.

Causes of solar dermatitis

Many patients who first encountered an allergy to sunlight do not know why and to what substances acute symptoms arose, without even assuming that photodermatitis is the cause of eye swelling and hyperemic rash. In addition, provocateurs of solar allergies are some diseases. These include:

chronic liver and kidney failure;
pathological processes of the gastrointestinal tract;
inflammatory process gallbladder and thyroid gland;
helminthic invasions;
lack of vitamins;
violation of medication;

genetic factor;
sometimes the causes of solar dermatitis are provoked by various plants (hogweed, nettle, quinoa, etc.) that come into contact with the skin on the hands, face and mucous membranes of the eyes;
solar allergy is possible as a result of interaction with disinfectants and perfumes, where various additives are present. After using such drugs, the possibility of an allergy to the sun's rays increases dramatically.

In addition, medications such as antipsychotics, antibiotics, tetracyclines and sulfonamides can cause an acute attack of sun allergy.

Patients at risk

Most often, solar dermatitis can occur in the following categories of patients:

people with pale skin;
children of the younger age category;
women during pregnancy or immediately after childbirth;

lovers of tattooing on eyebrows and eyelashes, as well as those who spend a lot of time in solariums.

Allergic symptoms in a child deserve special attention. If a child has pale skin, freckles on his face and red hair, then negative symptoms after contact with direct sunlight appear in every second baby, manifested by burns of the hands, irritation of the eyes and a deterioration in the general condition of the body.

The main forms of photodermatosis

Symptoms and treatment of solar dermatitis depend on the type of allergic reaction.

Polymorphic photodermatosis

Solar photodermatosis is characterized by the appearance of an itchy rash in the form of small blisters with a liquid inside. An allergic reaction occurs several hours after the patient has been exposed to the sun. Often photodermatosis is accompanied by spastic headaches, chills and bouts of vomiting. The place of localization of rashes is mainly an open area of the body (neck, chest, legs and arms).

Usually, polymorphic photodermatosis resolves on its own in 2-3 days, however, in some categories of patients, rashes may appear regularly and lead to a decrease in susceptibility to sunlight.

Solar dermatitis of a weak stage is eliminated by a cold compress and spraying water on the burned areas. In severe symptoms, antiallergic drugs, a cream (ointment) with hydrocortisone are prescribed. Sometimes a doctor may recommend phototherapy, in which the skin is gradually exposed to minimal ultraviolet radiation to develop immunity to the sun's rays. Sometimes as adjuvant therapy phototherapy may combine psoralens, beta-carotene tablets, and antimalarial drugs.

solar pruritus

Solar photodermatosis, as well as polymorphic, refers to genetic diseases and, as a rule, develops in young children or adolescents. Symptoms of pruritus resemble polymorphic photodermatosis, but rashes are most often localized on the face.

Exacerbations are observed in the spring-summer period, when the sun is most active. Treatment of this form of the disease involves the use of glucocorticosteroids, thalidomides, beta-carotene, and antimalarial drugs. Depending on the severity of symptoms, solar dermatitis can be treated with complex UV radiation.

Light polymorphic rashes

In the event that the skin is exposed to insolation, a number of chemicals that may be present in creams, perfumes, antiallergic ointments, cosmetics, etc. can cause a negative reaction to the sun's rays. The result of this interaction is a finely bubbling hyperemic rash (blisters), which can subsequently open on their own, forming a scab.

As a rule, solar dermatitis appears 2-4 days after exposure to sunlight. The duration of the course of the disease of this form depends on the severity of the influence of certain chemical components. At the same time, in addition to the usual treatment tactics, it is required to identify and eliminate the allergen that caused the violent reaction.

solar urticaria

Solar photodermatitis of this form occurs very rarely and is considered a true allergic reaction to the sun's rays. As a result of their contact with the skin, a rash of a utricial nature (urticaria) appears. Acute allergic symptoms can appear 5-7 minutes after exposure to the sun, but the urticarial rash can also quickly disappear after 1.5 - 2 hours from the onset of the rash.

Solar photodermatitis is treated with antihistamines, and hormonal cream for rash relief and others may also be prescribed. medicines, such as flavonoids (quarcetin and aloe vera) and vitamins of group E. These drugs can accelerate the regeneration of affected tissue.

Photodermatitis on artificial ultraviolet rays

The polymorphic light rash that appears as a result of exposure to artificial UV rays is practically no different from the symptoms that accompany solar photodermatitis. Symptoms and severity of allergies directly depend on the intensity of exposure to rays. Therefore, there is no particular difference between a solarium and the sun.

It is important to consider that there are occupationally harmful activities associated with UV radiation. In this case, photodermatitis is accompanied by conjunctivitis, keratitis, general intoxication organism.

Under the influence of thermal irritants of moderate intensity on the skin (hot water bottle, compress, etc.), limited short-term erythema may form. Repeated exposure to the skin can cause a brown tint and a vascular pattern to appear on the skin, which is explained by the constant expansion of the vascular walls at the site of overheating.

Typical sun allergy symptoms

Symptoms of hypersensitivity to the sun's rays are quite diverse. Depending on the cause of solar allergy, as well as the age category of the patient and external influences, the symptoms of solar photodermatitis are characterized by:

Allergy in the hands

Solar photodermatosis on the hands is manifested by hyperemia of the skin, followed by itching and peeling, as well as purulent rashes, a burning sensation, and sometimes swelling of the tissues. This reaction of the body, as a rule, is closely interconnected with a weakened immune system, when even the slightest exposure to sunlight on open areas of the hands leads to negative consequences. In this case, an allergy to the sun (especially in the face, eyes and hands) is indicated as a tumor.

In complicated cases, unbearable itching leads to the formation of crusts and bleeding. Subsequently, the wounds become covered with a scab and heal. Often, an allergic reaction from the sun is manifested by extensive urticaria, eczema and other skin diseases. Most often it occurs in weakened people. It is important to note that the symptoms of sun allergy on the skin do not appear only at the site of sunburn. If an acute allergy develops according to an eczematous type, it occurs in any area.

Typical eye symptoms

Allergic manifestations in the eye area can occur in patients of different age groups, since solar photodermatosis primarily affects the mucous membranes of the eyes. Quite often, an allergy to the sun appears in the face, swelling of the mucous membrane, asthmatic manifestations. In addition, allergic rhinitis develops in almost every case. The main reason for the appearance of allergic symptoms in the eyes is contact with the allergen, so the eye area must be protected from sunlight with sunglasses.

Pathological symptoms may be accompanied by obligatory signs (itching in the eyelids, hyperemia and swelling of the skin around the eyes, photophobia and lacrimation). In some cases, there may be a painless swelling of the eyes, which requires additional diagnostics. Such a course most often indicates the addition of a food allergy.

Depending on the severity of sun damage to the eyes, the following manifestations are noted:

conjunctivitis is the most common form of allergic manifestations with signs of classic allergy in the form of redness and irritation of the membranes of the eye. In addition, the development of chemosis (vitreous edema) is likely;
keratitis - an inflammatory process of the mucous membranes of the eye, accompanied by excruciating itching, hyperemia and lacrimation;

allergic photodermatitis - is expressed by the response of the immune system in the eye area when using cosmetics and drugs. These funds can cause hyperemia, swelling, profuse rashes and unbearable itching around the eyes.

In particularly difficult cases, photodermatitis can be complicated by uveitis (an inflammatory process of the vascular walls of the eyes, optic nerve and retina), which indicates the distribution pathological process inside the eyes.

sun allergy in children

Solar dermatitis occurs in a child as a result of increased sensitivity to ultraviolet rays. Genetics are also important, para-aminobenzoic acids, which are included in the sunscreen used to protect the child, as well as external allergens (plants) sometimes present on the skin of the baby.

An allergy to the sun in a child has exactly the same symptoms that are observed with any allergic manifestations (skin itching, especially in the eye area, rhinitis, increased tearing from the eyes, skin rashes etc.);

with the development of such symptoms, it is necessary to know how to get rid of an allergy to the sun by all known methods by which treatment is carried out allergic diseases. Therefore, it is recommended to seek the help of a highly qualified specialist for further appointments;
in the event that a child has photodermatitis, it is always necessary to have drugs on hand to eliminate negative symptoms. It doesn't matter where the child goes - to the cinema, to the beach, to the store, etc. Photodermatitis requires timely warning. The condition of young children should be supervised by parents, and adolescents should be taught how to use first aid on their own;
if photodermatosis provoked the appearance of erythema, it is necessary to use a cream with corticosteroids, talkers, wet lotions, etc. As a basis, it is better to take an astringent solution from a mixture of 2% tannin solution and 0.25% silver solution. For pain relief, you can use agents with the addition of anestezin, which are applied to the affected area of the skin;
treatment of a child with NSAIDs is not recommended ( nonsteroidal drugs). Numerous studies and reviews of doctors confirm that NSAIDs can increase photosensitivity in children;
a good effect is achieved in the elimination of vesicles with the help of Elokom, Afloderm, Lokoid, etc. These hormonal ointments quickly relieve allergic symptoms, both in a child and in an adult patient.

For the prevention of solar allergies, the use of vitamin therapy (C, PP, B) and antioxidants (tocopherol acetate, methionine, alpha-tocopherol) is recommended. It is important to note that there is no allergic reaction to the sun in children in good physical health, so when an allergic reaction to the sun occurs (especially in baby) requires a thorough diagnosis.

First aid for acute allergic reactions

When an allergy to the sun has developed acutely, and negative symptoms are growing rapidly, it is recommended to call an ambulance, but before arrival, the patient must be given first aid. first aid which greatly relieves the symptoms.

First of all, the patient must observe the drinking regimen, since with an allergy to the sun's rays, severe dehydration occurs. You can drink pure or mineral water, excluding the use of milk, tea and coffee.

On the hands, face and all exposed parts of the body, you can apply a cold compress, which is recommended to be done at least 2-3 times, constantly cooling the napkin. With hyperthermia, it is recommended to give the patient antipyretic drugs. If there are antihistamines on hand, it is necessary to give them to the patient to relieve acute symptoms.

An allergic reaction from the sun can often provoke a gag reflex, so you need to put the patient on his right side so that asphyxia does not occur.

Medical treatment

When allergic to the sun in children, as well as in adult patients, it is necessary to carry out complex treatment, not just removing the symptoms, but also eliminating and correcting the main causes that provoked the disease.

As a rule, the following allergy treatment is prescribed:

Antihistamines

Antihistamine tablets for sun allergy, as well as sterile solutions for intramuscular and intravenous injection, effectively relieve itching, preventing further spread of the rash and neutralizing swelling. Most often, Erius, Zirtek, Loratadin, Tsetrin, Tavegil, etc. are prescribed.

Enterosorbents

Often the causes of an acute allergic reaction are caused by toxins formed in the body during an allergen attack. For their removal, enterosorbents are prescribed (Polysorb, Enterolsgel, Polyphepan, etc.).

Anti-inflammatory drugs

Few of the patients know what anti-inflammatory drugs are used for allergies. However, it is important to note that drugs such as Indomethacin, Ketotifen, Ibuprofen, etc. allow to cure solar dermatitis in adult patients, actively removing inflammatory processes and preventing possible complications. For the treatment of children, their use is not promising.

If allergy symptoms are not relieved as a result of the ineffectiveness of the treatment, the inflammatory process can become chronic. Therefore, more aggressive tactics can be prescribed for treatment, taking into account the individual characteristics of the organism and the severity of allergic manifestations. The course of treatment and dosage of the drug is selected directly by the doctor.

Glucocorticosteroid drugs

Corticosteroids are prescribed for severe disease. You should know why the course of treatment with corticosteroids is short-lived. Despite the fact that these drugs are quite effective and almost completely eliminate negative symptoms (swelling in the eyes, itchy rashes, etc.), they are hormonal and can harm the body. With prolonged use of hormone therapy, the reverse skin process may turn on with the formation of erythema, vasodilation, the formation of cosmetic defects on the skin, etc. Therefore, corticosteroids are not recommended for treatment for more than 5 days.

The use of ointments and creams in the treatment of photodermatitis

Most effective drugs to relieve allergic symptoms are:

Fluorocort

This topical preparation is an active glucocorticosteroid. It is important to remember that this photodermatosis neutralizing cream actively relieves negative symptoms. Its action is aimed at eliminating dryness of the skin and peeling, relieving soreness and itching. In addition, Fluorocort has a mild sedative effect. The average price category is 450-500 rubles per pack.

Creme La Cree

Solar dermatitis is effectively neutralized with external antihistamines La Cree. Numerous patient reviews indicate its positive effects in a short period of time. It quickly relieves itching, softening the skin and relieving inflammation. La Cree contains extracts of natural herbs and Panthenol. average price the drug is 300-350 rubles.

Panthenol

The composition of this drug contains Dexpanthenol, which soothes the skin, moisturizes them, softens and eliminates skin irritation caused by sunlight. In addition, Panthenol regenerates damaged epidermis. The average price of the drug is 200-220 rubles.

To obtain the best effect, solar dermatitis involves the simultaneous combination of antihistamines and anti-inflammatory creams. This will allow you to quickly neutralize the symptoms of the disease. It is important to remember that any therapy is carried out only after consulting the attending physician.

Non-hormonal creams and ointments

(Skin cap, Bepanten, Protopic, Epidel, etc.) are used to relieve itching and irritation of an allergic nature. The name of ointment-based drugs may be different. The most commonly used cream is Desitin, Fenistil gel, Elidel cream, Dexpanthenol, Psilo-balm and other ointments and gels that relieve negative manifestations on the skin, as well as itching.

Good feedback from patients received such ointments as Methyluracil and Zinc, which dry the skin well and have an antiseptic effect. As a rule, these types of ointments can be purchased at any pharmacy chain without a prescription.

sun allergy treatment folk remedies

Before you treat an allergy to the sun with a medicine, you can use folk remedies to get rid of allergic symptoms. Folk remedies can effectively neutralize the symptoms of solar allergies, improving general state patient.

A popular remedy for sun allergies is cucumber, potato, and cabbage juice, which is applied to the hands and then applied to the affected area. Juice promotes healing wound surface and relieve inflammation. In addition to external use, folk advice recommends taking freshly squeezed juice orally.
Often enough folk recipes sun allergy treatments recommend the use of celery juice. To do this, you need to take the roots of the plant and grind them in a meat grinder, squeezing the resulting mass. Juice is taken in 1 tbsp. l. 3 p.

Well relieve the symptoms of allergies to the sun's rays, folk recipes with hercules. Herculean baths are the most effective. To do this, pour 0.5 kg of herculean flakes into 500 ml. hot water, leaving to infuse for 45 minutes. Then the mass is added to the bath while bathing the patient. For greater effectiveness, treatment with folk remedies is recommended to be carried out simultaneously with drug therapy.

Preventive actions

Treatment of sun allergy requires adherence to prevention, since any disease is easier to prevent than to cure.

Before visiting the beach, it is necessary to use sunscreen or ointments consisting of natural ingredients. Otherwise, sunscreen will not be able to protect against burns, but, on the contrary, will increase the negative impact;
after bathing, you must immediately go into the shade. It is advisable not to wipe yourself dry, which will protect the skin from overdrying;
it is necessary to wear things with a closed sleeve made of cotton fabric that protects the skin in front of the eyes and hands from the sun's rays and use a wide-brimmed hat (cap with a long visor);
Patients who have solar dermatitis are advised to walk in the evening, when the activity of the sun is maximally reduced. In addition, with a genetic predisposition to allergies, patients should always carry antiallergic drugs with them in order to prevent photodermatitis.

In the event that a patient has negative symptoms upon contact with ultraviolet rays, it is necessary to seek medical advice. medical care since an allergic reaction from the sun can be unpredictable.

AllergiyaNet.ru

Allergy to the sun is an unpleasant, fairly common phenomenon. Almost 20% of people at least once in their lives felt a negative reaction of the body to the action of sunlight.

Photodermatosis affects people with varying degrees of skin sensitivity. Agree, when itching, redness, blisters appear during each exit to the beach, the rest will be ruined. Many do not know what unpleasant symptoms mean and how to get rid of them. Information about photodermatosis will certainly be useful.

Causes

Symptoms of sun allergy are manifested:

while relaxing by the sea, in the forest;
when visiting hot countries;
during field work;
after prolonged sunbathing;
after swimming in the pool.

Most people are unaware of the existence of such a disease. Solar allergy affects both infants and adults.

risk group;

kids;
people with fair skin and hair;
future mothers;
fans of trips to the solarium;
immunocompromised individuals.

Note! Before the trip to the sea, did you have an active effect on the epidermis (chemical peeling, tattooing, active cosmetic procedures)? The risk of photodermatosis increases several times.

Irritation of the skin, increased sensitivity to sunlight appears with a combination of internal and external factors. The weaker the immune system, the higher the risk of allergic reactions.

This statement is 100% true of photodermatosis. That is why babies and small children with imperfect immune system often suffer from this type of allergy.

Provoking factors (internal):

diseases of the intestines, liver, pancreas;
weakened immunity;
vitamin deficiency;
violation of metabolic processes;
chronic diseases with a sluggish course.

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Provoking factors (external):

the use of certain drugs. Provokes allergies diuretics, antibiotics, Aspirin, heart medications, oral contraceptives, antidepressants;
prolonged exposure to the scorching sun;
cosmetic products containing essential oils, eosin (in lipstick), boric, salicylic acid;
therapeutic ointments, gels, creams;
a combination of sunlight and a pool, sea or fresh water;
pollen from flowering plants.

Note! Often the cause of allergic reactions to the sun are beloved by all citrus fruits. They contain photosensitizers - substances that increase sensitivity to ultraviolet radiation. Refuse to use lemons, oranges, tangerines for the period of a beach holiday. Do not buy cosmetics containing citrus essential oils before going to the sea.

Symptoms and development of the disease

Depending on the degree of sensitization, signs may appear at the first bright sunlight or a day or two after exposure to ultraviolet radiation.

How does sun allergy manifest itself? Signs:

at first, the skin turns red, there is a slight peeling. Places of localization of unpleasant manifestations - décolleté, face. Sometimes signs of photodermatosis are seen in other parts of the body;
often there is a small reddish rash - solar urticaria. In severe cases, blisters can become manifestations of eczema;
sometimes the body swells up. The degree of swelling depends on the sensitivity, time of exposure to provoking factors;
there is severe itching, burning. Unpleasant sensations aggravated after contact with water, especially after swimming in a pool with chlorinated water;
when combing, an infection often gets into the wounds, pustules appear.

Information for parents

Allergy to the sun in children is common. Their skin is sensitive, delicate, immunity is weak. No wonder pediatricians advise to wait with a trip to hot countries until the baby grows up.

Some active parents take one year old baby, but it is better to wait up to three years. Then the baby will be easier to tolerate exposure to the sun. This recommendation is especially important when visiting exotic countries with unusually hot climates.

Note! Active exposure to ultraviolet often causes the appearance a large number moles, which already poses a serious danger to the child's body.

General rules of treatment

How to get rid of allergies to the sun? Take note:

getting rid of allergies to exposure to ultraviolet radiation is possible only with an integrated approach;
an accurate diagnosis is essential. Find a dermatologist as soon as possible, if you are relaxing by the sea, consult, get recommendations;
eliminate the factor that causes negative skin reactions, refuse contact with photosensitizing drugs and substances;
use antihistamines;
remember about proven, affordable folk methods;
limit exposure to direct sun;
wear a wide-brimmed hat.

Important! If you have previously had skin problems when visiting the beach, and you coped with them with the help of folk methods, ointments recommended by neighbors, consult a doctor anyway. Only a specialist will indicate the reason, tell you how to avoid allergic reactions next summer.

Medical therapy

How to treat an allergy to the sun on the face and other parts of the body? Antihistamines, special creams, ointments, and glucocorticosteroids will help fight photodermatosis. Some drugs cause side effects.

Take pills, use local funds only by doctor's prescription. It is strictly forbidden to prescribe hormonal ointments on your own!

Remedies, medicines, ointments for solar allergies:

Nurofen - gel;
zinc paste;
Fluorocort - glucocorticosteroid ointment;
Diclofenac - anti-inflammatory gel;
Betamethasone is a corticosteroid ointment.

antihistamines for oral administration(pills):

Suprastin;
Cetrin;
Loratidine;
Zyrtec;
Tavegil;
Zodak;
cetirizine;
Diazolin.

Important! Read the instructions carefully. Some drugs have age restrictions. When resting, always keep antihistamines for children with you. Do not forget to buy tablets and ointments for adult family members.

Folk remedies and recipes

Itching, burning, redness, rash, blisters annoy both adults and children suffering from photodermatosis. Home remedies will ease the condition. For solar urticaria ethnoscience offers a lot of proven tools.

How to cure an allergy to the sun folk remedies? Several available recipes:

herbal baths. Prepare your collection. For a healing infusion, you will need 2 tbsp. l. celandine, sage, chamomile, succession, St. John's wort, valerian root. Pour the dry mixture with 1.5 boiling water, let it boil for 5 minutes. Infuse for an hour, strain, add to bath water. The procedure time is 20-25 minutes. Warm water;
vegetables for allergies. A good effect is the use of potatoes, fresh cucumber, cabbage leaves. Apply gruel from grated potatoes or cucumber to the affected areas for 30 minutes. Slightly cut cabbage leaves to extract juice, spread over inflamed areas, secure with gauze. The effect will certainly be;
celery juice. At small area lesions, such as on the face or shoulders, use celery juice. Grind the root in a blender, squeeze out the juice. Lubricate rashes, blisters with odorous liquid. The itching will certainly decrease;
decoction of medicinal herbs purifies the blood, strengthens the immune system, relieves inflammation. Prepare an infusion of nettle, rhizomes of calamus, durishnik herb. Proportions - 2 tbsp. l. dry or fresh raw materials - 1 liter of boiling water. Calamus root must be boiled for 5 minutes. Take a healing infusion twice a day, 1/3 cup before meals.

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Without following the recommendations, changing some habits, it is impossible to get rid of unpleasant symptoms or prevent photodermatosis. It doesn’t matter if you have experienced a similar problem or not, knowing about sun allergies will be useful to everyone.

Remember simple rules:

if you are going to rest, put antihistamines (pills and ointments for allergies) in the first-aid kit, the effect of which can be found out after a visit to a dermatologist;
before going out into the open sun, lubricate your face and body with creams with UV filters. Children need an SPF of at least 40;
wear hats that protect the delicate skin of the face. It is desirable for women to have a fashionable panama or a hat that also casts a shadow on the shoulders;
at severe forms photodermatosis wear light clothes with long sleeves, cover the affected areas from UV rays;
Avoid perfumed cosmetics before going to the beach. Excessively pigmented zones may appear on the body;
dose sunbathing. It is difficult to maintain the optimal time that doctors insist on - only 20 minutes - half an hour, but health is more expensive. Remember: half a day under the scorching sun over time can turn into skin diseases varying degrees gravity;
after swimming, if possible, go into the shade. Do not wipe dry, lightly blot the skin. So you "kill two birds with one stone": get rid of droplets that attract active ultraviolet, do not allow the skin to dry out;
it is desirable to sunbathe under a canopy, awning or in the shade. The best time to go to the beach is before 10-11 am or after 4 pm. This rule must be observed by everyone who has ever encountered photodermatosis;
during the rest, give up citrus fruits that increase the body's sensitization to UV rays;
drink more fluids, do not allow excessive dryness of the skin;
if it is not possible to quickly get an appointment with a doctor, use harmless folk methods. Cabbage leaves, cucumbers or potatoes are easy to find;
if possible, prepare herbal baths or compresses. To combat the symptoms of allergies, chamomile, which is sold in any pharmacy, will do.

Important! Seek medical attention at the first sign of photodermatosis. Follow the recommendations, avoid sunlight. Mild cases of allergies go away within a week. In an advanced situation, therapy often takes several weeks.

What conclusion can be drawn? Get ready to go out into the open sun in advance. Before traveling to hot countries, visit a dermatologist, find out what medicines you need to take with you. Treatment of photodermatosis in adults and children will be successful only with an integrated approach. Follow simple rules - and an allergy to the sun will bypass you or not cause serious consequences.

vseokozhe.com

Causes of sun allergies

Thousands of people with the onset of the first warm sunny days rush to nature, to water bodies, go to the sea, relax in hot countries to bask under the rays of the gentle sun, acquire a golden tan, strengthen immunity, health, repulsing all depressions.

But often, many vacationers are faced with such discomfort as an allergy to the sun. Sun allergy can be confused with other allergic reactions organism to stimuli. But, having figured it out, it is necessary to fix the problem, otherwise the rest will be spoiled.

Allergy to the sun or solar dermatitis (photodermatitis, photodermatosis) appears under various circumstances: prolonged exposure of the skin to bright and hot rays of the sun, a combination of sun exposure with other irritating factors, such as pool bleach, plant pollen, cream, deodorant, drugs.

Some people are allergic to the sun with the first warm sunny days, and for some during a holiday in Egypt, Turkey, other hot countries and places of rest, after swimming in outdoor pools, after a picnic in meadows, fields, forests.

Solar allergy resembles the usual skin irritation in the form of a red rash on the legs, arms and all over the body, as well as in the form of skin peeling, small islands of pustular rashes, swelling, just redness of the skin, itching, burning. Children often suffer from allergies to the sun, whose immunity is weakened, after an illness.

Long stay in the hot sun, huge doses of ultraviolet radiation of various waves, activation of all protective forces for the production of melanin pigment, stress on the liver and kidneys, and all this after cold winter and spring days is a huge stress for the whole body, which can also cause solar allergies.

First of all, any allergy is a decrease in immunity, a lack of vitamins in the body, hidden untreated and chronic diseases, reduced liver function, metabolic disorders.

Photodermatitis, photodermatosis

The sun's rays by themselves do not cause allergies, but in combination with some factors, they cause photodermatosis, hypersensitivity to ultraviolet.

Photodermatids are divided into exogenous and endogenous.

Exogenous caused external factors, and endogenous - internal.

Factors provoking the appearance of sun allergies can be phototoxic substances such as bergamot oil, antidiabetic and diuretic drugs, sulfonamides, and even disinfectants as well as cosmetics and everything related to it.

Allergy to the sun's rays is also called "solar urticaria" or "solar herpes".

This type of sun allergy usually occurs when you stay in the bright sun for a long time.

If you have never had an allergy to the sun before, following simple tips, you can easily avoid it again.

How to deal with sun allergies?

1. Use UV protection creams, suntan lotions on your body 20 minutes before sun exposure, and after sunbathing and showering, apply a moisturizer designed to hydrate and protect skin after sun exposure.
2. When leaving the water of the sea or river, blot the water, but do not wipe it, as you erase the protective layer of the cream with a towel, and you will have to apply it again.
It is necessary to blot the body so that the water droplets do not become small lenses that amplify the sun's rays, which can burn the skin even more.
3. Try to use decorative cosmetics, gels, creams, eau de toilette, perfumes containing fragrance as little as possible, since under the influence of sunlight they all provoke the appearance of age spots of various colors, which disappear only after two to three weeks.
4. If you are the owner of very sensitive skin, sunbathe in the shade, under an awning, avoid direct sunlight.
Let your tan be not bronze, but only golden, but you will avoid the discomfort of burned skin, peeling and redness, fever, and so on.
5. To eliminate solar allergies in mild form usually easily solve the problem of ointments containing betamethasone, prednisolone, dexamethasone.
Do not relieve redness, burns, itching with folk remedies such as sour cream, vegetable oil, this will not help.
Use special after-sun gels, they all contain anti-inflammatory substances, extracts medicinal plants, soothing and skin-cooling supplements.
6. Drink at least two liters of non-carbonated water a day, this will help you eliminate toxic substances from the body and much more.

But if you are on a trip and the problem needs to be solved quickly and on the spot, and rashes spoil your whole vacation, then other tips will come in handy.

1. Before the trip, buy antihistamines at the pharmacy, consult a dermatologist. If you are taking contraceptives, antibiotics, pay attention to the label “causes photosensitivity”, and try to replace them with rest time.
2. If sun allergies occur, minimize sun exposure until the skin inflammation has resolved.
3. Try to support the liver with special preparations that normalize its activity, as well as contribute to normal metabolism in the body, regeneration of the skin.
These are antioxidants, vitamins E, B, C, a nicotinic acid, aspirin, indomethacin, claritin, in extreme cases, suprastin and tavegil.
4. Burning and itching are eliminated with ointments containing methirulacil, zinc, lanolin, as well as drops of Zirtek and Fenistil gel.
5. Do not neglect treatment, sun allergies can cause eczema, which will be more difficult to cure.
6. If you are in the resorts of Turkey or Egypt, contact your doctor immediately, they are familiar with these types of skin reactions to the sun and will be able to quickly relieve inflammation, and you can continue your vacation calmly. At the "reception" in the hotel you will be told which doctor to contact, how to get there, and it is possible that there is a doctor in this hotel.

Do not think that sun allergies are forever and now you will not be able to fully spend your vacation in the open sun. By finding the cause of your sun allergy and fixing it, you can get rid of it forever, so your best sunny days are yet to come.

And many children simply “outgrow” this problem with age.

Have a nice holiday!