How to learn to read an ecg?
To determine the diagnosis, one of the most indispensable aids of a doctor is a cardiogram. With its help, important heart diseases such as myocardial infarction or arrhythmia can be detected. And at the same time, it is inexpensive and accessible to everyone, and the method of its construction is based on a careful study of the bioelectrical activity of the heart muscles. Now we will teach anyone to read a cardiogram.
1. During ECG recording, it is important to avoid all kinds of interference and guidance currents, the minivolt should not exceed ten millimeters
2. The heart rate is determined by the frequency of heart contractions and their regularity, conduction and the source of excitation are determined. This is determined by comparing the duration of the R-R intervals. If the heart rate rhythm is correct, this is calculated by dividing 60 by the R-R interval per second.
3. The algebraic axis of the heart is calculated by determining the sum of the amplitudes of the QRS waves at any points of the lead from the limbs.
4. Carefully examine the atrial scar R. Measure along the isoline from the top of the tooth its amplitude, it should be no more than twenty-five millimeters. Measure the distance from the beginning to the end, if the person is healthy, it will not exceed 0.1 second.
5. The PQ interval is an indicator of the rate of impulse supply from the atrium to the ventricles. Its interval must be between 0.12 and 0.1 seconds. You also need to analyze the ventricular QRS complex, measuring the amplitude of the complex and the duration of each of its teeth.
6. Analyze the T wave. It reflects the relaxation phase of the heart muscle. It is necessary to determine its polarity, amplitude and shape. When a person is healthy, this wave is positive and has the same polarity as the wave responsible for the ventricular complex. Its shape should be gently rising and have a steeply falling knee.
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