Herpes type 2 symptoms in women. Herpes simplex virus type 2: genital herpes. General manifestations of the disease

Herpes of the second type is a disease that spreads to the mucous membrane of the genital organs and.

It can be transmitted in two ways: sexually, mainly through genital contact, and intrauterine - from mother to child.

A distinctive feature of such a lesion is pronounced Clinical signs. A person’s skin immediately turns red and swells, and over time, inflammation and vesicles appear on it.

These bubbles form a clear liquid containing a large number of pathogen viruses.

Such areas are characterized by extremely high pain, which is why a person falls out of normal life for some time.

Herpes of the second type is accompanied by a rapid deterioration in a person’s health. He immediately becomes irritable and tired, and suffers from serious mood swings.

According to research by the World Health Organization, the virus that causes herpes type 2 can live and multiply in environment for several days.

The most important thing for this is a certain humidity and temperature. If you live with someone who is sick, try to take all precautions.

The herpes simplex virus type 2 in the vast majority of cases spreads to the external genitalia, which is why it is often called genital or.

Being in the blood, pathogenic viruses do not always provoke the development of the disease. They can only be determined by the results of a blood test.

The danger of herpes type 2

If the course of herpes type 2 is ignored for a long time, there is a high risk of developing serious complications.

First of all, you need to determine that such a disease belongs to the venereological group.

Modern experts believe that type 2 herpes is harmless only if treatment is started in a timely manner.

In other cases, it can provoke the development of diseases of internal organs and even death.

Genital herpes is an unpleasant and extremely dangerous disease. A person faces not only physical discomfort, but also serious aesthetic discomfort.

A person becomes fixated on his problem and tries to remain alone. Some people are embarrassed to go to a doctor with discomfort in the genital organ and prefer.

This method of exposure does not always bring visible results and can cause complications.

You can become infected with herpes type 2:

• During sexual intercourse.
• From mother to child.
• By everyday means.

In extremely rare cases, the causative agent of genital herpes is transmitted through clothing or household items.

Despite the fact that the virus can live in the air for some time. To completely neutralize pathogenic microorganisms, it takes time and a temperature above 100 degrees.

If, the likelihood that the causative organism will be transmitted to her child is extremely high.

However, if the infection occurred much earlier than fertilization, the risk of such an outcome is much less.

Most often, microorganisms enter the baby’s blood during childbirth, when his body passes through infected birth canal. Despite this, C-section does not eliminate the risk of infection.

The biggest is that it significantly increases the risk of damage to the nervous system, skin and eyes. In some cases, disability and even death are possible.

According to statistics, the risk of transmitting type 2 herpes to a child from the mother is 5%. The fact is that the mother’s body immediately begins to produce antibodies to all pathogenic organisms known to it.

They are the ones who protect the child from infection. Despite this, there is a special approach to managing pregnancy in infected women.

Usually on early stages antiviral therapy is prescribed, which significantly reduces the risk of infection.

Diagnostics

Herpes type 2 is fairly easy to diagnose. Many doctors can identify this disease without special laboratory research.

Despite this, to make an accurate diagnosis, it is best to undergo a series of laboratory and functional tests.

Diagnosis of herpes type 2 includes:

1. Taking an anamnesis and a detailed examination of the patient - the doctor needs to assess the condition of the skin, the type and size of the rash, the size of the lymph nodes, appearance mucous membranes.
2. Collection of genetic material from affected mucous membranes.
3. Biochemical and general.
4. Detection of the virus in blood plasma, determination of antibodies to the pathogen.
5. Laboratory examination of urine, mucus, tears, cerebrospinal fluid and vesicle contents.
6. PCR – determines the pathogen and its type.
7. Enzyme immunoassay is a study that determines antibodies to viruses in the blood.
8. Immunogram – helps to investigate disturbances in the functioning of the immune system.

Despite the availability of a variety of laboratory tests, it is almost impossible to make an accurate diagnosis in all cases.

There have been cases when the disease proceeded secretly, without making itself known by any antibodies in the blood.

Sometimes pathogens enter the bloodstream and do not manifest themselves in any way; they can for a long time live and be transmitted to other people without developing in its host.

In such cases, a slow pathogenic effect on internal organs may occur.

Treatment of herpes type 2

Treatment of type 2 herpes must be timely, comprehensive and under full supervision by a qualified doctor.

First of all, therapy with antiherpetic drugs, such as. It can be used as injections and suppositories.

On average, the course of such treatment takes 10 days for primary infection and 5 for relapses.

The following drugs help speed up the treatment process: Arbidol, Trialgin and their analogues. It is also necessary to take immunobiological agents.

If there is an exudative component, the patient is prescribed prostaglandin inhibitors and vitamin complexes.

If necessary, additional agents are prescribed to help restore the intestinal microflora - enzymes.

In case of prolonged high temperature, it is necessary to immediately begin treatment with antipyretic drugs.

If signs of genital herpes appear, drug treatment should be started immediately.

Possible complications

Herpes type 2– extremely dangerous disease, which in the absence complex therapy may cause serious complications.

The most unpleasant consequences of this disease are:

• Colpitis.
• Prostatitis.
• Urethritis.
• Anal or rectal fissures.

Studies have shown that women who experience frequent recurrences of herpes type 2 have a much higher risk of developing cervical cancer.

If this virus is detected in the blood of children, they are much more likely to develop meningitis, stomatitis, and various liver diseases.

Herpes - translated from Greek as “a creeping, spreading skin disease.” The disease is caused by the Herpesvirales virus and is characterized by blistering skin rashes throughout the body and mucous membranes. The types of herpes depend on its location and the causative agent; in total there are about 200 varieties, but humans are subject to only 8 of them. Each type has its own signs and reasons for its appearance. Types 7 and 8 of herpes still remain not fully studied.

Herpes type 1

Routes of transmission of HHV 3:

• through common objects;
• when talking, coughing, sneezing, yawning, kissing (even friendly).

How does chickenpox manifest (symptoms):

• the skin itches unbearably;
• temperature rises;
• vesicles throughout the body.

The rash spreads across the skin where the affected nerves are located. The duration of the disease is about 14 days. A person who has had chickenpox once becomes a carrier of the virus for life.

• along the nerve processes, a person feels itching, burning and severe pain;
• general body temperature rises and weakness appears;
• the affected areas are inflamed for 3 days;
• on days 2-3, a group of bubbles forms in the same place.

Important! The duration of the illness is approximately 2 weeks. One of the consequences of herpes zoster is inflammation of a nerve ganglion or several nodes (inflammation of the ganglia).

Treatment of patients with chickenpox or herpes zoster is carried out either in an inpatient department or at home. Therapy is based on the intake and application antiviral drugs, immunostimulants, vitamins. For chickenpox, the vesicles are lubricated with brilliant green or Fukortsin.

Herpes type 4

Epstein Barr virus and Human herpes virus type 4 (EBV or EBV). Herpes infection is the source of mononucleosis. The infection affects the nasopharynx, lymph nodes, spleen and liver. Formations can lead to cancerous formations. The consequences of the Epstein Barr virus also include otitis media, sinusitis, damage to the heart muscles, inflammation of the liver and brain.

Routes of infection:

• airborne;
• domestic;
• sexual contact (including oral sex).

The maximum amount of virus is released during breathing and coughing. Adolescent children and young adults are most susceptible to this disease.

The duration of the period from the entry of the virus into the body for its first symptoms is from 5 days to 7 weeks.

Symptoms of mononucleosis:

• hyperthermia (increased body temperature);
• swelling, inflammation and pain in the nasopharynx and;
• painful sensations in muscles and joints;
• tonsils are covered with white coating;
• formation of skin and mucous vesicles;
• the level of lymphocytes in the blood increases.

Diagnosis of Human herpes virus type 4 is carried out using PCR. If the test is positive, the patient is observed by 3 specialists (an immunologist, an infectious disease specialist and an ENT specialist).

The disease can go away on its own, but it is better not to wait for this moment, as complications may arise and you will need to undergo the necessary course of treatment. Therapy for mononucleosis with mild and moderate forms is carried out at home, but the patient is isolated from others. If the case is severe, hospitalization will be required.

There is no specific treatment regimen for herpes type 4. Therapy is aimed at eliminating symptoms.

Herpes type 5

Herpesvirus 5 strain (Human herpesvirus 5, cytomegalovirus, HCMV-5) is characterized by a latent form. Symptoms are more pronounced when the immune system is weakened. Men may not realize they are carriers of HCMV-5 for a long time. The disease affects the liver, spleen, pancreas, central nervous system and eyes.

How does infection occur and routes of transmission:

• at breastfeeding(GW);
• in the womb;
• with blood;
• with saliva (kiss);
• during sexual intercourse.

The period of time from the entry of the pathogen into the body until the appearance of primary symptoms is 60 days.

Signs of herpes type 5:

• elevated temperature;
• headaches, pain in the joints and larynx.

Important! Despite significant pain, the tonsils and lymph nodes are not susceptible to inflammation.

The disease poses a real danger to HIV-infected people, as well as those who have undergone organ transplantation, cancer patients, and those taking cytotoxic drugs.

Cytomegalovirus also has negative consequences for pregnant women. Expectant mothers can give birth to a child with congenital pathologies(dysfunction of the brain, hearing, vision, breathing and digestion, skin problems and retarded development). Stillbirth is also possible.

To identify or exclude the presence of cytomegalovirus in a pregnant woman, it is necessary to do an ultrasound of the blood flow in the vessels of the umbilical cord and uterus, determine a pathologically small amount of amniotic fluid, measure the heart rate, detect delays in fetal development and abnormal development of internal organs. It is also important to undergo laboratory testing methods (PCR, serological diagnostics).

The goal of treatment is to eliminate the symptoms of the disease, increase and correct immunity.

Herpes type 6

Herpesvirus 6 strain (HHV-6, HHV-6) is a DNA virus.

There are 2 subtypes of HHV-6:

1. Subtype “A” (HHV-6A). People with immunodeficiency are more susceptible to it. In adults, it leads to multiple sclerosis (a chronic autoimmune disease), chronic fatigue, dysfunction of the nervous system and progression of the virus.
2. Subtype “B” (HHV-6B). Children are often affected by this subtype. The disease develops into infantile roseola (sixth disease, pseudorubella).

Important! In the absence of proper treatment for both subtypes, disability and isolation from society are inevitable.

Signs and symptoms:

• small rashes (which is unusual for other types; the rash is not necessarily accompanied by itching, but the disease can also occur in an atypical form);
• hyperthermia;
• lack of appetite;
• apathy, depression;
• irritability;
• enlarged lymph nodes;
• changes in gait (instability, lack of coordination, unsteadiness);
• diarrhea or constipation;
• dysfunction of the visual organs;
• problems with speaking;
• sudden changes in mood;
• absent-mindedness;
• impaired perception and changes in sensitivity;
• convulsions.

If at least once, the virus remains for life in a latent form and does not manifest itself. Relapses are possible with a noticeable decrease in immunity, but without the appearance of external signs.

How is HHV-6 transmitted:

• Most often, infection occurs through saliva;
• sometimes the source of transmission is the palatine tonsils (airborne);
• during breastfeeding and in utero (the possibility is practically excluded);
• There is an even lower chance of infection during medical intervention.

To diagnose diseases, in addition to the usual doctor’s examination and questions, it is important to undergo an examination. To do this, you need to undergo a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test, undergo serodiagnosis and a virus test.

It is impossible to get rid of herpesvirus 6 strain; the goal of therapy is to combat its manifestation. For this purpose, drugs with different pharmacological action(corticosteroids, antioxidants, angioprotectors, antiherpetic agents, antipyretics, immunostimulants).

Herpes type 7

Herpesvirus type 7 (HHV-7, HHV-7) often occurs in parallel with virus strain 6, moreover, they are very similar to each other. The virus infects T-lymphocytes and monocytes, which leads to CFS and the development of cancer of lymphoid tissues.

How is it transmitted:

• the main source is airborne (since the localization of HHV-7 is saliva);
• Infection occurs less frequently through blood.

The main differences between HHV-7 and HHV-6:

• strain 7 virus is not transmitted in utero;
• HHV-7 affects children at least one year old, and HHV-6 can make itself felt as early as 7 months after birth.

Symptoms:

• temporary increase in temperature without rash;
• involuntary, paroxysmal muscle contraction;
• inflammation of the brain and its membranes;
• mononucleosis syndrome;
• sudden exanthema or infantile roseola.

To detect herpes virus type 7 in the body, it is necessary to undergo PCR diagnostics, ELISA, a test for the virus and an immunogram.

Medical care consists of combating the symptoms that appear. There are currently no specific drugs for the treatment of HHV-7.

Herpes type 8

Herpesvirus 8 strain (HHV-8, HHV-8, KSHV) - the last abbreviation is not a typo or an accident. These letters appeared from English literature, since there the disease is called Kaposhi Sarkoma Herpes Virus. The virus infects T and B lymphocytes and is a DNA virus.

Virus 8 strain is transmitted in different ways:

• sex with an infected person;
• kiss;
• blood (transplantation (engraftment) of organs or tissue sections; drug addicts are often exposed to infection when using one syringe);
• a small percentage is given to infection in utero.

Important! People who have undergone organ transplantation, radiation, homosexuals and drug addicts are at risk.

For an infected person with normal immunity, HHV-8 does not pose a danger and does not manifest itself in any way. It is able to “expose” its negative sides when the body’s defenses decrease. HHV-8 provokes the appearance and development of Kaposi's Sarcoma, primary lymphoma and Castleman's disease.

Depending on what disease the patient has. There are also symptoms.

1. Kaposi's sarcoma. The location is concentrated on the skin, lymph nodes, mucous membranes and internal organs. There are 4 types of disease (classical, endemic, immunosuppressive, epidemic), each of them has its own characteristics.
2. Primary lymphoma. An oncological disease that affects the central nervous system and serous membranes.
3. Multifocal Castelamna disease (MBD, angiofollicular lymph node hyperplasia, multifocal lymph node hyperplasia, angiofollicular lymphoma). A rare type of cancer that becomes more active due to HIV infection. The virus infects the lungs, lymph nodes in the mesentery and subclavian The lymph nodes.

Same as for other agents herpetic infection– There is also no specific treatment for HHV-8. Usually prescribed drug therapy with chemotherapy, radiation, cosmetic procedures (phototherapy), and in rare cases, surgery.

Determine the correct type viral disease, its etiology and treatment can only be prescribed by an experienced specialist. Although to date a drug against herpetic infection has not yet been created, pathology requires special attention. Timely detection of the virus in the body will help relieve a person from unpleasant symptoms and consequences.

Content

World organization Health reports that one of the two types of herpes simplex virus (HSV) has now become part of the lives of about 70% of the world's population. Medicine cannot yet find a specific treatment for the virus, but can only suppress unpleasant symptoms in the form of a rash on the skin and mucous membranes. According to statistics, herpes infection is raging in Africa, where more than 80% of the population is sick, and has limited distribution in prosperous countries. Hygiene comes first in the fight against a chronic virus.

What is herpes

The herpes simplex virus is viral infection, which integrates its DNA into the cells of the nervous system and appears externally in the form of bubbles on the skin and mucous membranes. Infection with the herpes simplex virus occurs in two ways: the first type of virus (HSV-1) and the second type (HSV-2). Many people live for a long time with a virus that is asymptomatic, not knowing about it, until the body’s immune forces are weakened by a cold, and the virus makes itself felt with characteristic rashes and damage to the nervous system.

Types of herpes virus

The disease is caused by two types of herpes simplex viruses, the most common of which is the first type virus, which is localized as a primary manifestation on the lips. The second type of virus is less widespread and is also known as primary genital herpes, due to its external localization in the genital area. The disease begins to actively “eat” the body with low specific immunity, which itself weakens.

How is it transmitted?

The enormous spread of the first type of virus is explained by its ability to penetrate the body through airborne droplets. The body does not know how to fight the virus, so if viral DNA gets on the mucous membrane, infection is guaranteed. If we talk about the immediate causes, then in the first place is oral contact during periods of visually expressed herpetic rashes. Shared objects can also serve as a source of transmission of infection.

Primary infections with genital herpes pathogens are transmitted sexually from a partner who already has a viral infection in his body. Protected sexual intercourse reduces the likelihood of infection, but infection of a partner can also occur through the skin around the genitals, which is not externally affected by blistering rashes. For many, the virus lives in a state of latent infection.

How long does it live in the external environment?

The danger of the virus is that its survivability is high not only inside the body, but also in the external environment. If an infected person spreads the virus indoors, then room temperature the danger of infection persists for almost a day. A metal surface, such as a door handle, will prevent the virus from dying within a couple of hours. The damp tissue will be the living environment of the microorganism until it dries completely.

Herpes virus types 1 and 2

The unpleasant aesthetic consequences of HSV types 1 and 2 are not the worst development of events with the herpes virus. The main danger is that microorganisms colonize the organs of vision, esophagus, ear, throat, nose, and nerve ganglia, which can lead to the development of herpetic stomatitis, herpetic encephalitis, and fever. Herpes of the second type can cause infertility of sexual partners and complications of genital diseases. When diagnosing, an individual approach to the source of the pathogen is important.

Symptoms of the herpes virus

The manifestation of herpes ulcers provokes a weakening of the body due to the disease. Often this can be a common cold. Common clinical symptoms of herpes with colds: increased body temperature, short-term headaches, weakness, drowsiness, a feeling of soreness in the muscles. More specific symptoms indicating the disease appear in the form of characteristic itching and tingling in the area where labial herpes will soon appear.

Herpes type 1

A carrier of HSV who has encountered the manifestation of the vital activity of the first type of virus knows well the signs of the primary manifestation of congenital herpes. Burning and itching in the place of usual localization of herpetic vesicles serve as a reason for active actions. To prevent or minimize the devastating consequences of the disease, people try to treat risk areas with antiviral ointments in advance. There are manifestations of genital forms of active phases of HSV-1 with discharge. With them, the symptoms are mild and clearly appear only for the first time in the form of several bubbles.

Herpes type 2

Repeated symptoms of HSV-2 are more varied. These are blisters in the genital area, sometimes reaching the scale of pronounced ulcers, reminiscent of vesicular lichen. People often experience body aches, swollen lymph nodes, chills, and shooting pain in the extremities. The first manifestation of the disease is the most striking. Then the symptoms become less intense.

How to diagnose herpes

Before moving on to treatment and developing a special lifestyle, you need to conduct laboratory tests for herpes simplex. There are known cases when, based only on external signs, people were mistaken for genital herpes. Staphylococcus aureus. Methods for diagnosing herpes infection are divided into two groups:

1. Detection of the DNA presence of HSV bodies in the body.
2. Detection of HSV antibodies in the body.

The first method involves taking material for research from affected areas. The second method of detecting HSV examines the patient’s blood, smears, urine, lacrimal or cerebrospinal fluid. The doctor decides what to take for analysis. The second method of therapy, which detects igg antibodies and igm antibodies, is considered reliable. A virological diagnostic method is effective when the contents of the vesicles are transferred to a chicken embryo and a conclusion is drawn. The polymerase chain reaction method helps to find the DNA of the virus and determine what HSV is.

Treatment of herpes simplex

To prevent or minimize the devastating consequences of the disease, people try to treat risk areas in advance with the drug Acyclovir and antiviral ointments. Essentially, this is a fight against symptoms, but it is the right action, since it is not possible to destroy the virus in the body. The main goal is to localize the manifestation in a timely manner, preventing severe damage to the body and tormenting the patient with relapses.

Drugs

Drugs for treatment can be divided into groups according to the active substance, which is used for damage to the mucous membranes by HSV:

1. Acyclovir: Acyclovir, Virolex, Herperax, Zovirax. The most common drug is used to reactivate HSV-1 and HSV-2. The advantages of a simple remedy are good tolerability and minimal side effects. One of the disadvantages is nausea when taking it. Lowest price among all antiherpes drugs.
2. Valacyclovir: Valtrex, Valacyclovir. The advantage is better absorption when taken orally than acyclovir. Disadvantages include short headaches after consumption.
3. Famciclovir: Famvir, Famciclovir-teva. Effective drug for the treatment of HSV and genital herpes. The advantage is excellent digestibility active substance, efficiency. The downside of the drug is its high price.
4. Penciclovir: Fenistil Pencivir. Effective on late stages diseases. The advantage is the duration of the therapeutic effect and affordable price. Cannot be used by children.
5. Allostatin: Allomedine. The medicine is aimed at increasing the antiviral immunity of the skin. It is effective only in the first stages and is expensive.

Folk remedies

To treat the manifestations of simple recurrent herpes, echinacea, calendula and chamomile are used. Pour echinacea flowers with alcohol (70%) in a ratio of 1:10. Infuse the medicine in a dark room for two weeks, then strain. Chop two tablespoons of calendula flowers and pour 100 grams of vodka. After two weeks the medicine is ready. Pour boiling water over three tablespoons of chamomile and leave for two hours. You can make compresses or take it orally with propolis.

Herpes simplex virus during pregnancy

HSV infection poses a greater danger in late pregnancy for women who have not previously had the virus. In this case, there is a high risk of infection of the fetus (neonatal infection) with serious consequences for it. If a woman has already been infected with the virus, her body has antibodies, but there remains a risk of infecting the newborn with neonatal herpes during childbirth through the mucous membrane. For treatment you need to use Panavir. Manifestations can be treated with vitamin E and interferon to avoid infection.

Attention! The information presented in the article is for informational purposes only. The materials in the article do not encourage self-treatment. Only a qualified doctor can make a diagnosis and give treatment recommendations based on the individual characteristics of a particular patient.

Herpes virus type 2 affects the mucous membranes of the genital organs in both men and women. The disease is characterized by the appearance of isolated groups of blisters and their further degeneration into erosions and ulcers. The rash is accompanied by a burning sensation, swelling, hyperemia, and enlarged lymph nodes in the groin area. Often genital herpes occurs against the background of development general intoxication body. Of particular danger are relapses of pathology, during which local and general immunity is significantly reduced. With exacerbations of type 2 herpes, the likelihood of a bacterial infection increases, requiring additional treatment. In pregnant women, activation of viruses can cause miscarriage or premature birth.

Characteristics

Herpes simplex viruses type 2 remain in the human body forever after infection. More than 80% of the world's population are their carriers and potential carriers of sexually transmitted diseases. This widespread distribution is due to the resistance of viruses to external unfavorable factors. They retain the ability to grow and reproduce even at temperatures below 65°C. At these values, the viability of the viruses remains long time. Moreover, they can easily tolerate freezing. HSV is more sensitive to high temperatures. They die when heated to 45°C for half an hour.

“This is interesting: Herpes viruses are able to maintain the ability to grow and reproduce outside the human body for 20-24 hours. This explains the possibility of infection through shared utensils, towels, and hygiene products.”

Pharmacological drugs that can permanently rid a person of genital herpes have not yet been synthesized. After penetration into the body, they remain in the tissues without causing any clinical manifestations. A woman or man may not realize that they have not escaped infection. Quite often, doctors diagnose the development of symptoms of primary pathology 3-4 days after transmission of viruses through sexual contact. Usually incubation period for viruses it lasts about three weeks and is not expressed in the occurrence of local and general symptoms. Infection most often occurs during the first sexual contacts in adolescence.

A person learns that he has genital herpes during exacerbations of sharp decline protective forces as a result of illness or stress. Viruses begin to emerge from tissues, penetrate the systemic bloodstream, and then into internal organs. Relapses of sexually transmitted infections are typical for women and men with low immunity, and for people with HIV they pose a serious threat to life. A person in good health may never feel the painful symptoms of a disease, since his the immune system suppresses herpes viruses.

Transmission routes

How type 2 herpes is transmitted has been known for a long time; all routes of infection have been well studied. Quite rarely, infection occurs as a result of sharing the same towel, dishes, or razor with a sick person. To become infected through casual contact, several transmission conditions must coincide. Infection occurs when wiping with a damp towel the skin or mucous membranes that have microtraumas:

• scratches;
• cracks;
• wounds.

Viruses are also transmitted when a sick mother cares for a newborn or small child. Children have not yet fully developed immunity, but their permeability blood vessels very high. These factors create a favorable environment for herpes infection, even with a slight violation of the integrity of the skin or mucous membranes. Viruses can be transmitted from mother to child as it passes through the birth canal. Cases of infection of the fetus during pregnancy through the placenta were diagnosed with a sharp decrease in the woman’s resistance to infectious agents. To prevent the development of events in such a negative scenario, expectant mothers are prescribed drugs to suppress the activity of herpes simplex viruses of the second type, which do not affect the growth and development of the baby.

But the most common route of infection with HSV is sexual contact. Moreover, it can be protected. A condom undoubtedly reduces the likelihood of transmitting viruses, but its use does not become a 100% guarantee. It is quite common for a woman to become infected with genital herpes during contact with a condom when a man has pubic ulcers. The virus is transmitted through sexual intercourse of various types:

• genital;
• oral;
• anal.

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In the vast majority of cases, it is impossible to determine that a partner is a virus carrier. A person does not become a source of infection only while the incubation period lasts. In the acute stage, when infectious pathogens penetrate the systemic bloodstream, symptoms of genital herpes do not always occur, so visible signs are completely absent. If there are rashes on the genitals, the risk of infection increases many times over. Incubation lasts several weeks, but sometimes transmission of viruses is possible even 10 days after infection with a combination of certain factors - low immunity and damaged mucous membranes of the mouth, vagina or anus.

Typical forms of pathology

When drawing up a therapeutic regimen, doctors certainly take into account the type of genital herpes. When symptoms appear several days or months after infection, the patient is diagnosed with a primary pathology. If a person goes to a hospital several times during the year, then he is diagnosed with recurrent herpes. In turn, it is classified as follows:

• mild severity - exacerbations occur less than three times a year;
• moderate severity - relapses occur five times throughout the year;
• high severity - viruses are activated every month.

After infection with herpes type 2, a person does not seek qualified medical help due to its latent course pathological process. Carrying out treatment on initial stage disease allows you to minimize the consequences and prevent exacerbations.

To facilitate recognition of the infection that has occurred, a classification was compiled depending on the form and stage of recurrent genital herpes:

• atypical microsymptomatic or subclinical herpes occurs against the background of mild symptoms of infection. Microcracks may appear on the mucous membrane of the genital organs and slight skin itching;
• atypical macrosymptomatic herpes causes mild discomfort. Clinical manifestations are dominated by pain and itchy skin, but visible signs of damage to the mucous membranes are completely absent;
• abortive herpes of the second type is distinguished by a small number of visible symptoms and is diagnosed in patients who have previously been administered a vaccine to prevent this disease or who have been taking antiviral pharmacological drugs for a long time.

The most dangerous is considered to be a sexually transmitted pathology that occurs asymptomatically. Most of those infected learn about the relapse of the disease by rashes on the mucous membranes of the vagina, penis, and anorectal area and refrain from intimacy. And in the absence of clinical manifestations of herpes type 2, a person is sexually active. This causes rapid spread infectious agents.

Clinical picture

Long-term presence of type 2 herpes viruses in the body of a man or woman often provokes chronic hemorrhagic cystitis. A person has difficulty urinating, fresh blood or dark blood clots appear in the urine. Attempts to liberate bladder do not bring the desired result - only small portions of urine are released. This process is always accompanied by pain, burning, and nagging pain in the lower abdomen. Inadequate urination causes stagnation of urine, which leads to the activation of bacteria belonging to opportunistic microflora:

• staphylococci;
• coli;
• protea

Herpes type 2, the symptoms of which are characterized by a hidden course, can be disguised as a dyspeptic disorder - excessive gas formation. This occurs due to impaired peristalsis against the background of the formation of anal fissures. Get annoyed hemorrhoids, there are difficulties during bowel movements. Defecation is accompanied by sharp pain as a result of damage to the mucous membranes of the rectum. IN stool Thick mucus with blood streaks appears. Such signs of herpes can cause life-threatening bleeding from the lower intestine. Increased gas formation causes a feeling of abdominal distension and pain in the epigastric region two or three hours after the next meal.

In men

Relapse of sexually transmitted pathology in men always begins suddenly and is very similar in symptoms to viral or bacterial infection. Body temperature quickly rises above subfebrile levels, headaches, joint and muscle pain occur. Pronounced clinical manifestations of HSV activation are:

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• apathy;
• weakness;
• drowsiness;
• fast fatiguability.

After several hours and sometimes days, men experience a tingling and burning sensation in the groin area.

“Recommendation: An alarming factor for representatives of the stronger sex should be numbness in the pelvis and sacral area after prolonged sitting or sleep. This sensation is an indirect symptom of the onset of an exacerbation of genital herpes.”

In most cases, the lymph nodes located in the groove swell, and men experience pain when touching them. The pathology is characterized by the appearance of swelling on the mucous membranes of the penis or on the skin of the scrotum and perineum. After a few hours, blisters filled with liquid content form at the sites of swelling and redness. After another 3-4 days, the formations on the skin burst, and difficult-to-heal ulcers appear in their places.

Among women

At the initial stage of exacerbation of herpes type 2 in women, the symptoms are no different from clinical picture male venereal pathology. After a few days, bubbles with cloudy contents form in the vulva area. Most often, the rashes are localized in the following areas of the genital organs:

• clitoris;
• mucous membranes and skin labia minora and labia majora;
• vagina.

With a sharp decrease in immunity and the absence of medical intervention, the area of ​​​​herpetic eruptions spreads to the cervix and urethra, anus, inner thigh surfaces, and perineum. Lymph nodes in the groin area become enlarged and painful. After a few days, the blisters burst, and in their place ulcers, covered with a thick yellow film, form. At this stage of relapse, women are characterized by HSV and psycho-emotional disorders due to a lack of understanding of what is happening. Increased nervous excitability, anxiety, and depression occur.

Complications

Genital herpes rarely provokes severe complications, since the immune system promptly responds to the activation of viruses by producing antibodies, leukocytes, and T-lymphocytes. Rare cases of decreased sensitivity in the genital area in severe cases of the disease have been diagnosed. Lack of qualified medical care in the treatment of genital herpes leads to the development of gynecological pathologies in women:

• chronic inflammation of the uterus;
• vulvovaginitis;
• andexite;
• endometriosis;
• vulvodynia.

Herpes type 2 is dangerous because of the likelihood of infection spreading to healthy organs, skin and mucous membranes. Often, the activation of viruses provokes the formation of inflammatory foci near the nail bed. What else is dangerous about herpes:

• penetration of infectious pathogens into eyeball can cause decreased visual acuity and even blindness;
• the rapid progression of the disease leads to a decrease in blood clotting and life-threatening bleeding.

The higher the body’s resistance to viral infectious pathogens HSV, the easier a person tolerates the disease.

General principles of therapy

Patients often ask the doctor whether it is possible to avoid the development of complications of the pathology. With timely treatment and prevention of relapses, there are no undesirable consequences. And although pharmacologists have not yet synthesized a drug whose use would make it possible to permanently get rid of the disease, it is quite possible to minimize its symptoms. Genital herpes viruses are capable of acquiring resistance to all known antiviral drugs:

• Acyclovir;
• Valacyclovir;
• Famciclovir.

Before treating herpes, a number of laboratory tests are carried out to establish the sensitivity of infectious pathogens to modern antiviral agents. If genital herpes is caused by viruses with high resistance, then the patient is recommended to alternate medications. The attending physician must include Interferon, which has pronounced antiviral activity, in the therapeutic regimen. It is with its insufficient production in the human body that genital herpes manifests itself in acute relapses. For infectious pathology Type 2 treatment involves the use of not only systemic, but also external drugs. How to cure herpes in case of relapses and the appearance of blisters - venereologists recommend regularly applying Herpferon ointment to the area of ​​the rash. The product contains a high concentration of Interferon and Acyclovir, which determines its maximum therapeutic activity. Treatment of herpes also involves maintaining high human resistance to infectious agents. For this purpose, a course of immunomodulators and immunostimulants is practiced.

Higher medical education, venereologist, candidate of medical sciences.