How to pass medical examination easily and with pleasure. Complete information about medical examination - healthy russia What is included in the examination

Yes, it's worth it. The main thing is to properly resolve unpleasant situations.

How to get through the queues

Polyclinics allocate time for patients who come for medical examination. If there is no such schedule, patients can skip the queue.
In fact, it turns out that the coupon is not needed only to the district police officer, but in order to take tests or get to a narrow specialist, you need to go through a live queue - not always friendly. Hence the rumors and gossip.

If you filter out angry comments, a not so bleak picture emerges.

“The longest thing I have been waiting for is a blood test. I came on Monday morning, when there is the most influx of visitors, and doctors advise starting medical examinations on Thursday-Friday. There were no queues at the ECG rooms, the mammologist closer to dinner, ”Lydia shares her experience.

“We have special days in the clinic for this, Tuesday and Thursday, and, no matter how indignant, the doctor comes out and calls the right person, the rest have the remaining days,” says Maria.

“The older the person, the wider the list of examinations. The first stage of medical examination involves screening and includes mainly an examination by a general practitioner, a series of laboratory tests, and diagnostic procedures. If at the first stage the therapist or even the paramedic did not find signs of violations in the patient that require referral to the second stage, then the prophylactic medical examination ends here, ”explains Tatyana Tvorogova, senior researcher at the State Research Center for Preventive Medicine, candidate of medical sciences. "On average, the passage of the first stage takes 1 day."

The website of the Moscow Department of Health has useful recommendations on how to reduce time in the clinic. “In order to minimize time costs, to minimize the time for processing and filling out documentation at the clinic, we suggest that you print out the forms that are required during the medical examination, answer all questions in advance and come to the clinic with the documents already filled out:

1. Informed voluntary consent for medical intervention
2. Questionnaire for the identification of chronic noncommunicable diseases».

How to talk to a doctor so that he listens to you

What to hide, the formal attitude of doctors to medical examinations is not uncommon. But what prevents you from tactfully and politely insisting on a full-fledged screening, since you have already been to the clinic and passed the test in a queue?

Do not forget about the ethics of communication. The usual: "Hello, [substitute the desired name-patronymic]", - already distinguishes you from the crowd of angry patients who start the conversation with the phrases "How long can you wait!"

If nothing hurts, medical examination is not needed?

The disease is easier to prevent, as well as the fact that a number of diseases are asymptomatic. However, the consequences of blind confidence in one's own health are already faced by relatives of a patient with a serious illness.

We tell you what kind of examination it is, why it is needed and how to pass it.

- For several years now I have been hearing about medical examinations in the clinic, but I still can’t get through it - I just don’t have time for it. And just now I'm wondering what it's all about. Aren't regular trips to the doctor enough? And how do you get tested?

Clinical examination is a free examination that has been carried out in Russia since 2013 by order of the Ministry of Health. Its purpose is the early detection of non-communicable diseases and risk factors for their occurrence and development.

According to the Ministry of Health of the Kirov Region, in 2017, 200,485 people underwent medical examinations in our region. At the same time, 39 thousand cases were detected for the first time. chronic diseases, including diseases of the circulatory system, oncological, bronchopulmonary diseases and diabetes.

Medical examination is carried out from the age of 21 for all groups of the population once every three years, and it does not matter at all whether you work or not, or study full-time.

The survey takes place in two stages. First you need to go through an initial examination and questionnaire in the office medical prevention at the clinic to which you are attached. You will then be directed to diagnostic studies- their number depends on age: the older you are, the more detailed your health will be studied. This can be a blood test, ultrasound, fluorography, and any other studies that the doctor deems necessary to prescribe you.

After passing all the studies, you need to come to an appointment with your local therapist, who will conduct a final examination, summarize the medical examination and give recommendations based on the results of your examination.

If, following the results of the first stage of medical examination, you are diagnosed with a chronic disease or high risk cardiovascular disease, then the doctor will direct you to the second stage. It includes additional examinations and expert advice.

In addition, since 2018, mammography examinations for women from 39 to 51 years old with a frequency of once every two years. So, this year, women born in 1968, 1966, 1962, 1960, 1956, 1954, 1950, 1948, as well as those who have not passed this examination in the previous 12 months, can undergo mammography.

It was also decided to conduct more frequent screening for rectal cancer (fecal occult blood test). According to the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, the risk of this disease increases with age, so every two years, patients will be examined starting from 49 years old. In 2018, those who were born in 1969, 1965, 1963, 1959, 1957, 1953, 1951, 1947, 1945 and who have not passed this examination in the previous 12 months can undergo such a survey.

If you want to undergo a medical examination, you need to contact your polyclinic at the place of residence (registration office or medical prevention office). There they will explain to you where and how you can be examined and, if necessary, agree on the date of the medical examination. Please note that in order to undergo a medical examination, you need to come to the clinic in the morning and on an empty stomach. You need to have a medical policy and a passport with you. And if for Last year If you have undergone any examinations, then take their results with you - this can be taken into account when passing the examination.

If your year of birth does not fall under the medical examination, but you still want to be examined, then you can undergo a preventive medical examination. This examination is also free of charge and is aimed at identifying chronic non-communicable pathologies. It is held every two years from the age of 18.

In addition, if you want to be tested for a medical condition (for example, if you have a family history of chronic illnesses or simply think you are at risk), you can ask your doctor for a referral for additional tests.

As for the time required to undergo a medical examination, it all depends, firstly, on the number of studies assigned to you, secondly, on the number of patients who wish to undergo a medical examination on the same day as you, and secondly, on clinic schedules. So, in some medical institutions, a special day is allocated for medical examination (for example, Saturday), and here everything will depend on how many people come to be examined with you. By the way, the project of "thrifty" polyclinics, which is currently being implemented in the region, is aimed, among other things, at reducing the time for medical examinations. As planned by the Russian Ministry of Health, the acceleration should occur due to the separation of the flow of sick and healthy patients and the optimization of logistics within medical institutions. So, ideally, the patient should visit all the doctors and go through all the examinations as part of the medical examination in three days and 56 minutes. Now it takes 40 days and 140 minutes.

Briefly about the main:

1. Clinical examination is carried out every three years starting from the age of 21.

2. At the first stage, you will need to undergo an initial examination and questionnaire and receive referrals for additional examinations. Moreover, the number of examinations depends on your age: the older you are, the more there will be.

3. The results of the clinical examination will be summed up by your local therapist and, if necessary, sent to the second stage of the examination.

4. Since 2018, mammography is provided for women from 39 to 51 years old, as well as tests for the detection of rectal cancer for people over 49 years old.

5. To undergo medical examination, you need to contact the clinic at the place of residence.

6. If you do not fall under the medical examination by the year of birth, you can undergo a preventive medical examination free of charge.

Muscovites responsibly approached medical examination - today in its capital. Half of that number learned unexpected news about their health and have already begun to solve the problems discovered. For those who have not yet thought about medical examination, the site reminds why this needs to be corrected as soon as possible and how.

1 | Who can get screened?

Every adult Muscovite who is attached to a polyclinic and has a compulsory medical insurance policy can undergo all key examinations and receive consultations from the necessary doctors.

You can get your first health check at age 21—or the year you turn 21—and every three years thereafter. For example, if you are turning 40 or older this year, you will have to wait two years - you missed the opportunity to get a medical examination last year.

For those who missed the desired year and do not want to wait, there is preventive examination.

This is almost the same as a medical examination, but it is carried out according to an abbreviated program - only the most necessary are checked.

As well as during the medical examination, if medical indications are identified, the patient will be given a referral for additional examinations and consultations. You can get such an examination by contacting your therapist.

2 | How much will it cost?

Not at all! Every Russian has the right to a free medical examination.

3 | Probably, only general tests will be taken and the pressure will be measured?

Not at all. All analyzes and standard examinations are carried out at the first stage - screening. At the second stage, each patient has his own program. Depending on the identified health problems or the presence of risk factors, for example, vascular scanning, esophagogastroduodenoscopy, colonoscopy, ophthalmological examinations can be performed.

4 | And if I do not want to undergo some examinations, will they force me?

Nobody will force you. According to the order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation on the medical examination of the adult population, which entered into force on January 1, 2013, the patient has the right to refuse certain examinations. For example, if he underwent fluorography or MRI during the year, he is exempted from these examinations as part of a medical examination - they should not be carried out too often.

Or if you have absolutely no complaints about the gastrointestinal tract and the same desire to swallow a device for gastroscopy, no one will forcibly look into your stomach.

5 | How long is it?

No, fast. No one will put you in the hospital for this. You will have to come to your district clinic several times - to take tests, undergo special examinations, for example, ultrasound, MRI, and talk with doctors. Each visit can take two to three hours, but overall you won't lose much time.

6 | Where to sign up?

at the clinic to which you are assigned. Go straight to your therapist and say the cherished word - and then everything will be explained to you.

Purpose of dispensary: early detection of chronic non-communicable diseases, which are the main cause of disability and premature death of the population Russian Federation(hereinafter - chronic non-communicable diseases), which include:

diseases of the circulatory system and, first of all, ischemic heart disease and cerebrovascular diseases

malignant neoplasms

diabetes

chronic diseases lungs and others

These diseases are about 70% in the structure of the causes of all mortality in our country. In addition, clinical examination is aimed at identifying and correcting the main risk factors for the development of these diseases:

Enhanced level blood pressure

Elevated blood cholesterol

Elevated blood glucose

Tobacco smoking

Harmful consumption of alcohol

Irrational nutrition

Low physical activity

Overweight or obesity

Consumption drugs and psychotropic substances without a doctor's prescription

An important feature of clinical examination is not only the early detection of chronic non-communicable diseases and risk factors for their development, but also brief preventive counseling for citizens with these risk factors, as well as for citizens with identified risk factors for developing chronic non-communicable diseases, individual in-depth preventive counseling or group preventive counseling (school of the patient) in the department (office) of medical prevention or health center.

Such active preventive interventions will quickly and significantly reduce the likelihood of developing dangerous chronic non-communicable diseases in each individual person, and in people already suffering from such diseases, significantly reduce the severity of treatment of the disease and the incidence of complications.

Where and when can I get a medical examination?

Citizens undergo medical examination in medical organization where they receive primary health care: in a polyclinic, in the center (department) of general medical practice (family medicine), in a medical outpatient clinic, in a medical unit.

Your local doctor (paramedic) or local nurse or an employee of the department (office) of prevention of a medical organization will tell you in detail where, when and how you can undergo a medical examination, agree with you on the approximate date and period of medical examination.

Most of the activities within the framework of the medical examination are carried out once every 3 years, after 40 years the medical examination is carried out annually.

How long does a medical examination take?

As a rule, two visits are required to pass the examination of the first stage of clinical examination (screening). The first visit takes approximately 3 to 6 hours, while the scope of the examination varies significantly depending on your age.

The second visit is carried out to the local doctor for the final examination and summarizing the clinical examination. Usually the interval between visits is from 1 to 6 days and depends on the length of time required to obtain the results of the studies.

If, based on the results of the first stage of the medical examination, you need an additional examination, individual in-depth preventive counseling or group preventive counseling (patient school), the district doctor (therapist) informs you about this and sends you to the second stage of the medical examination, the duration of which depends on the amount of additional examination you need .

How to pass a dispensary?

The list of examinations by specialist doctors (medical assistant or midwife), research and other medical activities carried out as part of the medical examination, depending on the age and gender of the citizen (the volume of the medical examination) is determined by the Procedure for conducting medical examinations for certain groups of the adult population, approved by order of the Ministry of Health of Russia No. 124n dated March 13. 2019. It should be noted that during the medical examination, the year of birth of citizens is taken into account, and not the day and month!

For example: a citizen whose date of birth is 07/04/1989 applied to the clinic to undergo a medical examination. He can undergo a medical examination in the period from 01/01/2019 to 12/31/2019. This means that it is possible to undergo medical examination at any convenient date according to the working hours of the medical organization throughout the calendar year, including until the moment when he reaches the age specified by order.

According to the Order of the Ministry of Health of Russia dated March 13, 2019 N 124n "On approval of the procedure for conducting preventive medical examinations and medical examinations for certain groups of the adult population," the executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in the field of health protection ensure that citizens undergo preventive medical examinations, clinical examinations, including in the evening hours and Saturday, and also provide citizens with the opportunity to remotely record appointments (examinations, consultations) medical workers, research and other medical interventions carried out as part of preventive medical examinations and medical examinations.

Good health does not always mean that a person is completely healthy. Preventive examinations help in advance to identify diseases that lead to disability or death. The treatment will be as effective as possible, since the process is always easier to stop before it goes too far. Not everyone can afford to pay for specialist consultations, but you can use the State Medical Examination Program.

Is it possible to get a medical examination for free

Preventive medical examinations on a free basis in the Russian Federation have been introduced since 2013. According to the results of the examination, the doctors determined that most of the visitors to the medical centers did not know about their diseases. To take advantage of the opportunity to check the state of health, you need to know the rules by which the population is served.

State Medical Examination Program

The order of the Ministry of Health "On the approval of medical examinations" indicates which categories of the adult population have the right to be regularly examined free of charge. The state program is designed to identify groups of diseases that account for up to ¾ of all deaths in the Russian Federation. More often, cardiovascular, pulmonary, oncological diseases and diabetes mellitus lead to death.

According to the order of the Ministry of Health, medical examination of the population is carried out throughout the territory of the Russian Federation. For adults over the age of 21, a free examination is possible once every three years. There is an abbreviated inspection program, you can use this service once every two years. For certain categories of the population, medical examinations are carried out more often - annually.

Medical examination 2018

People who can get a full medical examination free of charge according to federal program must have been born between 1928 and 1997. At the same time, the age of a person who can undergo medical examination in a polyclinic is strictly regulated. If the inspection time is missed, you should wait for the next date, on which the examination of people of a particular age is scheduled.

What years of birth fall under the medical examination in 2018

Since not all citizens of the Russian Federation will be able to undergo a free medical examination in 2018, it is worth finding out which years of birth are included in the current list. People born in 1928, 1931, 1934 and so on until 1997 can count on a free medical examination. It does not matter the social status of the patient - employee, student, housewife.

What is included in the survey

The patient's examination program is prepared individually - age, the presence of chronic diseases and gender matter. Each visitor receives a “route sheet”, which indicates the plan for visiting specialists. The stages of screening are as follows:

• Therapist. The specialist conducts primary screening - interviews the patient, measures height, weight, blood pressure. The therapist performs a number of rapid tests for the presence of cholesterol and blood sugar free of charge. Further, the doctor gives a direction for general and biochemical blood tests, general analysis urine.
• Since 2018, a new examination has been introduced - a blood test for HIV infection.
• The women go to the gynecologist. The examination includes an oncological examination - the doctor takes a smear from the cervix for cytology in order to detect cancer at an early stage.
• Men go to the urologist. The doctor will detect prostatitis, prostate cancer and other diseases of this type.
• All age groups receive a referral for electrocardiography, fluorographic scanning of organs chest for early detection of heart disease and broncho-pulmonary diseases. Based on the results of the research, the patient is referred for a consultation with a cardiologist, pulmonologist.
• Appointed eye test, consultation of an endocrinologist, dentist.

People who at the time of medical examination were 39 years old are prescribed additional research. Their list also depends on gender:

• ultrasound abdominal cavity and small pelvis is carried out every 6 years.
• Ultrasound of the mammary glands for women is planned every three years up to the age of 50, then a year later.
• Diagnosis of glaucoma is carried out - measurement of eye pressure.
• From the age of 45, the risk of developing colon cancer increases, so a fecal occult blood test is performed.
• From the age of 51, the patient is sent for examination to a neurologist, and men donate blood to detect an antigen indicating prostate cancer.

The goal of the program is to identify signs of chronic non-communicable diseases, to diagnose the development of oncology. Based on the results of the first stage of the examination, the therapist gives a referral for tests or consultations of narrow specialists. A patient's medical passport is created, in which all information about the state of his health is entered. After all consultations and analyzes, the therapist assigns one of the three health groups to the ward, on the basis of which procedures, exercise therapy or treatment are prescribed.

Where to go

Institutions where you can go full examination organisms are strictly regulated. You should contact the clinic to which the patient is assigned, according to his place of registration. You can get information about who is the local therapist and the time of the doctor's appointment at the reception. In addition, information about the rules of medical examination is placed on information stands in the clinic.

How to pass

To get a free whole body examination, you should start with a visit to the district therapist. The doctor prepares a route map and informs about where and when you can take tests and get advice from narrow specialists. All examinations are carried out during working hours, therefore, employed citizens should contact the management of their enterprise (place of work) in order to get a day off or a day off while visiting the clinic. According to the Labor Code, this day should be counted as a working day.

Is it possible to get medical examination in another city?

Complete examination of the body state clinic performed only if the patient is attached to it. In order to undergo a medical examination in another medical institution (in your own or another city), you must fill out the “application for attachment” form and submit documents to the registry along with your passport and medical policy. After the administration prepares the necessary documentation for the patient, you can undergo a medical examination at a new address.

Clinical examination of children

There is a procedure for medical examination for minors, approved by the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. These are the three categories of medical examination:

• Prophylactic. This is comprehensive inspection children 1, 3, 7, 10, 14, 15, 16, 17 years old. The examination includes consultations of a pediatrician, ophthalmologist, ENT specialist, endocrinologist, surgeon, orthopedist, dentist, neurologist. Blood tests (general and biochemistry), urine tests, fecal analysis for worm eggs, coprogram are performed, scrapings are taken for enterobiasis. Sometimes the pediatrician prescribes additional examinations.
• Preliminary. This examination is carried out before the child enters the institution - Kindergarten, school, college, university.
• Periodic. Examinations are carried out annually and are organized in kindergartens and schools. For each age, the scope of research is different.

All types of examinations are carried out in the children's polyclinic, but sometimes specialists come to the school and conduct a physical examination on the spot. Before the medical examination, the parents of the child must sign the consent form. If it is decided to refuse examination of the child, it is necessary to notify medical institution. Children over the age of 15 can personally consent to a medical examination by filling out a form.

Medical examination of pensioners

The program of medical examination of the population does not contain a separate article regulating the examination of pensioners. This category can undergo a free medical examination in a clinic on a general basis. There are groups of citizens who can undergo a medical examination annually, regardless of age:

• disabled participants in hostilities, WWII;
• WWII veterans who received a disability due to military operations, common disease or injury;
• people who were prisoners of concentration camps during World War II.

Health Examination Center

In 2009, the state program "Healthy Russia" began its work. As part of this project, Health Centers have been launched throughout the country. Each region has its own departments of such a center, which are located in city clinics or hospitals. The goal of the program is to draw public attention to disease prevention. Health Centers provide the following services.