An endangered animal in the Altai region. Fauna of Altai. Presentation on the topic

ADMINISTRATION OF THE ALTAI REGION

DEPARTMENT FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

ALTAI STATE UNIVERSITY

RED BOOK
ALTAI REGION

RARE AND ENDANGERED ANIMAL SPECIES

BARNAUL - 2006

Located in the south of Western Siberia, the Altai Territory has such a variety of zonal and especially intrazonal landscapes that this could not but affect the number and species diversity of the animal world of these places. Each of these landscapes has its own, to one degree or another, special world of animals, birds, and plants. This powerful biotic factor of the natural environment created, along with the climatic, those unique conditions(soil, microclimate) for agricultural production and human livelihoods, which are currently so intensively used.

The Altai Territory is home to about 100 species of mammals, more than 320 species of birds, 7 species of reptiles, 6 species of invertebrate animals. Red BookRed Book of Russia (demoiselle crane, saker falcon, white partridge, eagle owl, etc.), 10 species are included in the IUCN Red Book (International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources). These are extremely rare species, such as, for example, the bustard, imperial imperial falcon, peregrine falcon, as well as category zero (probably extinct) little bustard and slender-billed curlew. includes 134 species of animals that need protection. The largest number of bird species is 82. About half of them are listed in

In addition to birds nesting in Altai, the Red Book of the Altai Territory includes species that appear during spring-autumn migrations (small swan, lesser white-fronted goose), as well as occasional vagrants (dallas and pink pelicans, flamingos, black cranes, griffon vultures, etc. .).

There are 17 species of mammals in the Red Book. These are mainly insectivores and rodents (eared hedgehogs, jerboas) and bats (there are 9 species, including the pointed-eared bat, listed in the Red Book of Russia). Two representatives of the mustelid family entered here - the otter and the bandage (also included in the Red Book of Russia).

The Red Book includes 26 species of insects. These are, among other things, relict butterflies - the variegated ascalafus, the gypsy mother-of-pearl, as well as the Gebler's ground beetle, endemic to Western Altai, possibly extinct at present.

In addition to birds, mammals and insects, the Red Book includes 3 species of reptiles (takyr roundhead, colorful lizard, steppe viper), 2 species of amphibians (Siberian salamander, common newt) and 4 species of fish - lenok, apparently disappeared from the rivers of the Altai region, endemic species Siberian sturgeon, nelma and taimen.

In addition to the main part, the Red Book of the Altai Territory includes 30 species that require special attention. These are, for example, musk deer, gray goose, little gull, quail, carpenter bee and other species.

The objects of hunting are several dozen species of animals, representatives of four orders of birds.

The formation and development of animal resources in the region occurs under conditions of increased anthropogenic influence. A decrease in the bioproductivity of pastures due to overgrazing of livestock, water and wind erosion of soils, and deforestation lead to changes in animal habitats and a reduction in the number of squirrels, marmots, otters, musk deer, Siberian ibex, etc. The snake eagle, citroenpet, and bustard have disappeared partially or completely. The number of waterfowl, with the exception of the gray goose, is decreasing from year to year. The number of small mustelids, field and forest game is decreasing due to changes in the feeding and nesting conditions of their existence. Intensive development of ungulate resources, and primarily elk, requires a reduction in its production, increased protection and control over production, and in some areas a complete ban on hunting.

In 1997-1998, the production amounted to 7 wild boars and 11 bears.

The number in 1998 was: elk - 10,930, wild boar - 430, roe deer - 11,000, bear - 500.

Number of rare species: snow leopard - 39-49 pcs., Pallas cat - 250-350 pcs., gazelle - herds of 4-5 individuals, Altai mountain sheep - 370-470 pcs.

The number of musk deer, hunted in most cases to obtain the valuable musk gland, in 1997 amounted to 1,500 heads.

Of the 3,000 species of plants growing in Western Siberia, in the Altai Territory there are 1,954 species of higher vascular plants belonging to 112 families and 617 genera. The flora of the Altai Territory includes 32 relict species. These are Siberian linden, European hooffoot, fragrant bedstraw, giant fescue, Siberian brunnera, floating salvinia, water chestnut and others. The Red Book of Russia (1988) includes 10 species of plants growing in the Altai Territory: Siberian candyk, Ludwig's iris, Zalessky feather grass, feather-leaved feather grass, feather feather grass, Altai onion, steppe peony, cape flower, Altai gymnosperm, Altai stellophopsis. 144 plant species are included in the Red Book of the Altai Territory. These are rare species, endemic species that are reducing their range, as well as relict species. The species richness of the flora of the Altai region is due to the diversity of natural and climatic conditions.

The vegetation cover in the region is subject to strong anthropogenic influence, especially within the steppe zone. The largest areas of steppes have been preserved along forest belts, along the edges of ribbon forests and individual forests, and on saline soils.

A significant share (up to 30%) of the flora of the Altai Territory is made up of a group of weeds found in gardens, fields, orchards, on road embankments, along river banks, wastelands, and fallow lands. Behind last years escapee crop plants appeared, actively invading natural cenoses. Thus, along the banks of rivers and forests, ash-leaved maple and Echinocystis lobeda are often and abundantly found. The proportion of alien plants is steadily increasing from year to year, and currently their number reaches 70. Among them, plants from Central Asia and Kazakhstan, as well as from North America.

The useful flora of Altai is rich, numbering more than 600 species of plants, among which there are medicinal plants- 380 species, food - 149, melliferous - 166, vitamin-bearing - 33, dyeing - 66, fodder - 330, decorative - 215. valuable species We can include Rhodiola rosea, Raponticum safflower, forgotten pennyweed, evasive peony, elecampane, etc.

According to preliminary estimates, the Altai Territory is characterized by more than 100 species of lichens, 80 species of bryophytes, and about 50 species of macromycete fungi. Among these objects there are also rare species included in the Red Book of Russia.

Of the almost 2000 species of vascular plants found in the Altai Territory, 144 species are included in the Red Book.

Many of the plant species included in the Red Book are narrowly local endemics. These are species such as, for example, dendranthema emarginata, alcea Frolova ("yellow mallow"), holocaustria linearifolia, the rarest species Lyadvinets Krylova, noted in the Altai region in two places and not found anywhere else, and many others. Along with endemic species, the Red Book includes species with a wider range, but rare in the region. These species include chilim (water chestnut), Siberian kandyk, water lilies, lady's slippers and some other orchids.

In addition, relict species occupy a significant place. These are, for example, European hooffoot, foxglove grandiflora, Siberian brunnera, the only representative of broad-leaved species, endemic to Altai and Sayan, Siberian linden, etc.

In the Altai Territory there are 660 species of useful plants used by humans. The largest group is medicinal plants. However, their reserves have not been assessed; procurement is carried out without taking into account operational capabilities, which leads to a reduction and even disappearance individual species plants. The same can be said about berry plants. Deforestation, unreasonable and irregular harvesting have undermined the reserves of cranberries, mushrooms, and other important food species.

Negative impact on vegetable world has an intensive use of land, which is accompanied by a depletion of the flora of the Altai Territory. Some of its species are endangered; on the other hand, it appears in the flora of Altai a large number of weeds that previously did not grow in the Altai Territory.

Animal world Altai Territory

– The fox is a medium-sized predatory animal with an elegant body on low paws, a narrow elongated muzzle, pointed ears and a long fluffy tail. Winter fur is thick and lush, while summer fur is sparse and short. The main food is rodents. Especially voles. She even finds mice under the snow. He listens to their squeaks and shovels the snow with his paws (mouses). More often he hunts small hares, catches birds, sometimes even domestic ones. It also feeds on fruits, berries, and vegetables. She lives in a hole that she digs herself. Little foxes look like wolf cubs, only with a white tip on the tail. Fox

– The wolf is a predatory animal. Is a relative domestic dog. Quite a large animal. Poses a danger to humans and livestock. The legs are low and strong. The paws are larger than those of a dog. The head is broad-browed, the muzzle is wide. The tail is long, thick, and carried down. The wolf's fur is thick and quite long. They feed on deer, elk, wild boar, and roe deer. Antelopes. They are very active especially at night. They live in packs. The wolf's home is a lair. The cubs are wolf cubs. Wolves are good parents. Wolf

There are a lot of rodents in the fields

Jerboa Gopher

Steppe rodents dig shelters (burrows) Therefore, they have: A unique body shape; Powerful claws of the front paws; Masking coloring; Many are nocturnal. Vole

Around the water live

The squirrel is the most dexterous animal of all rodents. Red-brown and black squirrels live in our forests. They have cheerful dark tufts on their ears. Squirrels move from branch to branch in large leaps and climb up and down the trunk. They have sharp claws and a bushy tail, which helps maintain balance when jumping and serves as a blanket when sleeping. The squirrel has big eyes that see everything around. In winter they feed on seeds and nuts, and in summer they eat mushrooms and berries. In winter they hibernate. They settle in tree hollows, where they place dry grass and moss in their nest. Be sure to stock up on nuts, mushrooms, pine cones and dry berries in the fall. Occasionally on sunny winter days they wake up and take out their supplies from the pantry. In the spring, squirrels give birth to squirrels. Squirrel

Diverse large and small predators Brown bear, lynx, wolverine, otter, badger, sable

– The brown bear is a predatory animal. The body is powerful, with high withers. The head is massive with small ears and eyes. The tail is very short, the paws are strong, powerful, the claws do not retract. The coat is thick and evenly colored. Usually solitary. Omnivorous, eats plant and animal foods: berries, nuts, roots, tubers, stems, as well as worms, lizards, frogs, rodents, mice, gophers, chipmunks. Less often it hunts deer, roe deer, and fallow deer. Sometimes it even attacks livestock. Most active in the morning and evening. Accumulates by winter subcutaneous fat and lies in a den. His sleep is shallow, he can easily wake up, they are called (rods). Runs fast, swims well, climbs trees. From January to March, cubs are born. The brown bear is under state protection and is listed in the Red Book. Brown bear

Lynx is a large cat. The tail seems to be chopped off, the ears have tassels of black hair at the ends. The main color of lynxes is from reddish to grayish-yellow. The lynx has a dense and strong body, it is very dexterous, climbs trees and rocks well, runs fast, makes large jumps up to 4 meters, makes long treks, and swims well. But the animal is so secretive and cautious that rarely anyone manages to see it in the wild. The lynx lives in the forests. He loves mountain forests with rocky places. Lives where there is a lot of food. It feeds on hares, roe deer, birds (hazel grouse and black grouse), rodents, as well as young deer, wild boar, and elk. The animal has good hearing, smell and vision. In general, she is a very cautious forest animal. The lynx makes its lair in a windfall, in a dense forest thicket, in a low-lying hollow, under the eversion of the roots of a fallen tree, in rocks. Lynx can live 20 years. Lynx kitten

The giant of our forests

Elk is a large animal. The body of an adult male can reach up to 3 meters in length. This animal has very long legs and a massive hook-nosed head. The elk's ears are large and mobile. The elk's antlers have a short trunk and a wide, slightly concave blade. The body color of moose is black and brown and serves a protective function. Elk is a sedentary animal. Elks rise from their beds only to feed, and then lie down again until the next meal. Elk

Representative of the deer family - MARAL

Deer migrate from the taiga to the meadows and back. Deer are bred on deer farms in the mountain forest areas of the region. Baby deer

Unossified horns, antlers, contain valuable medicinal substance- pantocrine

In the forest-steppes live: Hares, foxes, roe deer, ferrets, stoats, badgers

– Hares are defenseless animals that are prey to many predators. But thanks long ears and an excellent sense of smell, they manage to sense danger in time. Their hind legs are longer than their front legs, making hares excellent runners. They move in long leaps. Large eyes see well in twilight and at night. They often warn each other of danger by drumming on the ground with their hind paws. With the onset of cold weather, their coat color changes to white, and in the spring they shed and their fur becomes gray. They look for food at night: these are various grasses, buds, young shoots, thin twigs, seeds, and berries. Bunnies are born in the spring. Hare

The badger lives in forests and lives in burrows that are very deep, and he digs them along the slopes of hills and forest ravines. The badger is a nocturnal resident, but sometimes it can be seen in the morning. The badger eats frogs, lizards, mouse-like rodents, as well as insects, earthworms, berries, mushrooms, nuts and grass. When hunting, a badger covers very large areas to find insects and worms under the bark of trees and in stumps. A badger can catch more than 50 frogs, a huge number of insects and worms in one hunt. In October - November, the badger hibernates and sleeps until March-April. The badger benefits agriculture because it eats insect pests. Badger

Reptiles: lizard

steppe viper

Among the insects there are many: Mosquitoes, midges, bark beetles, May beetles, ticks

Amphibians Frogs live in the region

The reservoirs of the Altai Territory are rich in fish. In the foothill rivers there are burbot and taimen, grayling and lenok, chebak, ruffe, gudgeon, and perch. IN main river The Altai Ob is home to sterlet, bream, pike perch, etc. The lakes of the plains are rich in crucian carp, tench, and perch and pike are found in their waters.

The Altai State Natural Biosphere Reserve, founded in April 1932, has an area of ​​8812.38 km 2, which is 9.4% of the territory of the entire Altai Republic.

The location of the central estate of the reserve (territory of the Turachak and Ulagansky districts, northeast of the Altai Mountains) is the village of Yailyu, the main office is the administrative center of the Altai Republic, Gorno-Altaisk. The reserve is part of the Golden Mountains of Altai site, included in the UNESCO World Heritage List.

Territory

The reserve is located in the central part of the Altai-Sayan mountainous country, its borders are outlined by the high ridges of the Altai Mountains, the northern - the Torot ridge, the southern - the spurs of the Chikhachev ridge (3021 m), the north-eastern - the Abakan ridge (2890 m), the eastern - the Shapshal ridge ( 3507 m). The western limits of the reserve run along the Chulyshman River and the right bank and 22 thousand hectares of Lake Teletskoye, this is the pearl of the Altai Mountains or the “little Baikal” of Western Siberia.

The main goal of creating this environmental facility was to preserve the biodiversity of the flora and fauna of the shores and waters of Lake Teletskoye, its natural landscapes, to protect and restore cedar forests, populations of rare animals (sable, elk, deer) and endemic plants, for carrying out research work in ecological, biological and environmental sphere.

Animals of the reserve

Abundant and varied vegetation helps create favorable living conditions for a large number of different animals: more than 66 species of mammals, 3 species of reptiles, 6 species of amphibians, 19 species of fish, such as taimen, whitefish, grayling, dace, perch, char, sculpin, teletska sprat .

The population of a valuable representative of the marten family - the sable - has been restored here; among the predators in the reserve there are numerous animals such as bears, wolves, lynxes, wolverines, badgers, otters, and ermine is often found. 8 species of artiodactyls live here: red deer, musk deer, elk, mountain sheep, Siberian roe deer, ibex, reindeer, wild boar. Numerous squirrels jump from branch to branch; in the forests near Lake Teletskoye there live several species of rare representatives of bats: Whiskered bat, Brandt's bat, Brown long-eared bat, Rufous noctule, etc., listed in the Red Book of Altai and living exclusively in local landscapes.

Species diversity of avifauna

The reserve is home to 343 species of birds. Nutcrackers live in the forests; they eat pine nuts and also bury them in the ground as a reserve, thereby increasing the number of new, young seedlings. The motley hazel grouse lives here; it is practically invisible due to its camouflage, ruffed plumage.

Gray partridges and quails flutter in the valley of the Chulyshman River. Migratory birds (various species of waders) fly to the protected lakes, 16 species of ducks nest, for example, in the lakes and swamps of the Chulyshman Highlands there are nests of the small teal duck. The rare bird Altai Ular lives on the Shapshalsky ridge.

Vegetable world

The reserve occupies a huge territory, in which there is a place for mountains, and coniferous forests, and alpine meadows, and mountain tundra, and stormy rivers, and the purest alpine lakes; all this splendor stretches for 230 km, gradually rising in its southeast. The most common tree species in the reserve are Siberian cedars, fir, larches, spruce, pine and dwarf birch. The reserve can be proud of its high-mountain cedar forests, because the trunk diameter of these ancient 300-400-year-old trees can reach two meters.

The flora is rich and diverse, these are higher vascular plants (1500 species), fungi (136 species), lichens (272 species), algae (668 species). There are no roads here; gigantic grasses grow under the trees in impenetrable thickets of raspberries, currants, rowan, viburnum and bird cherry. On the rocky slopes of the mountains grow wild gooseberry bushes and evergreen shrubs - Daurian rhodendron or maralberry. More than 20 species of relict plants grow here: European hoofweed, woodruff, black crow, and circe.

Red Book flora and fauna of the reserve

Among the 1.5 thousand species of vascular plants of the reserve, 22 are listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation, 49 in the Red Book of Altai. Plants of the Red Data Book of the Russian Federation: feather grass, feather grass, 3 species of lady's slipper, Altai rhubarb, Chuysky hornwort, Siberian toothwort, Altai drupe, etc.

Among the 68 mammals of the reserve, 2 species are listed in the International Red Book - the snow leopard and the Altai mountain sheep, in the Red Book of the Russian Federation - reindeer (forest subspecies - Rangifer tarandus), rare species of insects - Rhymnus blueberry, Apollo vulgaris, Erebia Kinderman, Mnemosyne.

Among 343 species of birds, 22 are listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation: spoonbill, black stork, common flamingo, bar-headed goose, steppe eagle, white-tailed eagle, etc., 12 species are in the IUCN (International Red Book) - Dalmatian pelican, white-eyed pochard, steppe harrier, imperial eagle, long-tailed eagle, white-tailed eagle, bustard, black vulture, steppe kestrel, etc.

The Altai region is a mountain health resort in Russia. The nature of Altai is unique - mountains and caves give way to fast rivers and quiet meadows. This green region contains many animals and plants, many of which are listed in the Red Book of the region.

The peculiarities of the Red Book of Altai are that the most different types- freshwater, insects, mammals and so on. In total, about five hundred species of different animals live in the region. Among mammals, 17 species are on the verge of extinction. Not only soil erosion and a large number of livestock lead to extinction - people hunt for such beautiful and rare animals as the snow leopard, Pallas cat, big-toothed antelope and Altai mountain sheep. Some species of wild boars and bears are also on the verge of extinction.

Butterflies of the Apollo species are listed in the Red Book of the region due to habitat destruction. The duck, white-tailed eagle, demoiselle, blue nightingale and some bats are also at risk of extinction due to logging. Sables, minks and flying squirrels, as well as vipers, lead a sedentary lifestyle, and therefore they die together in the forests. Many inhabitants of the Altai Territory no longer find homes for themselves due to construction sites consuming the beautiful nature.

Vegetable world

The flora of Altai contains more than 3,000 species of plants, many of which are honey-bearing or medicinal. The vast majority of plants in the region grow in narrow locations, which has a bad effect on the number of plants. Deforestation and development of territories for human economic needs deal a blow to rare plants. The following are listed in the Red Book of Altai: feather feather grass, Altai onion, Altai gymnosperm, Zalessky feather grass, Siberian kandyk, feather-leaved feather grass, Ludwig's iris, cape flower, Altai stellophopsis. In total, 144 plant species are included in the Red Book of the region. The number of plants is also declining due to soil destruction.

Photo of the beautiful nature of Altai.

Video: Nature of Altai.

The history of the development of the animal world of the Altai Territory has some common features with the formation of vegetation. During the Ice Age of the Quaternary period, northern Arctic animals advanced to Altai. Mammoths, woolly rhinoceroses, arctic foxes, reindeer, and tundra partridge lived on the territory of the region. Reindeer and tundra partridge still live in the Altai Mountains.

The fauna of the region is included in the Paleoarctic graphic region, in the European-Siberian and Central Asian subregions. The border between them runs along the Altai Mountains. The plains of the region and most of the mountains belong to the European-Siberian subregion; the high-mountain steppes - Chui and Kurai, and the Ukok plateau are part of the Central Asian subregion. Brown bear, wolverine, elk - inhabitants of the West Siberian taiga; deer, musk deer, stone partridge, capercaillie - representatives of the forests of Eastern Siberia; Tarbagan marmot, Mongolian jerboa, argali mountain sheep - animals of the Mongolian steppes.

In the southeastern regions of the Altai Mountains, animals have features of similarity with the fauna of Mongolia, which completely distinguish these animals from other representatives of the Altai fauna. These are the gazelle antelope, the Daurian and Mongolian haybirds, the Indian and mountain goose, the Mongolian woolly buzzard, and the Mongolian bustard.
The diversity of the fauna of the Altai region is explained by the presence of steppes, forests, and altitudinal zones. Each zone is inhabited by animals adapted to certain environmental conditions. Some of them migrate from one zone to another. Animals move from steppes and forests to forest-steppes. In the mountains they migrate from one altitude zone to another. The brown bear is an omnivorous predator, feeding on mice, birds, grass, berries; in the spring it comes out of the forests into sunny meadows, where young grass appears, and it gradually rises upward. In mid-summer it reaches subalpine meadows, where it is attracted by the abundance of herbs and plants with tasty, healing roots. At the end of summer, the bear moves down to clearings with tall grass with sweet tufts, juicy, soft leaves and stems. In the fall - back to the taiga, to berries and pine nuts. The deer and sable migrate from the taiga to the subalpine meadows and back. Moose, roe deer, and musk deer make transitions from one zone to another. Nomadic animals have adapted to life in several zones. The sable, a typical representative of the forest fauna, is well versed in the subalpine mountain belt.

A distinctive feature of the animal world of Altai is the formation of endemic species. A typical endemic is the Altai mole; it is widespread and is found both on the plain and in the mountains. Among the endemic birds are the mountain turkey, the Altai buzzard, and the tundra partridge.
Brown bear and elk are found everywhere in the taiga. The bear is an omnivorous predator, feeding on mice, birds, fish, berries and mushrooms; during the summer it wanders from forests to subalpine meadows, where it is attracted by the abundance of herbs and plants with tasty medicinal roots. And by autumn it returns back to the taiga to berries and nuts.
Ungulates also make seasonal transitions from one zone to another. Elk, roe deer, red deer, and musk deer migrate from the taiga to the meadows and back. Maral deer, whose antlers contain the valuable substance pantocrine in the spring, have been bred for many years on deer farms in the mountainous forest areas of the region. All attempts to breed deer in other mountainous regions of Russia have not yet yielded good results.

In the high mountain zone there are Siberian goats (bun or teke), mountain sheep, snow leopard-irbis; occasionally the red wolf comes from Mongolia. A large golden eagle, a predator of the high mountains, lives here. The red-billed jackdaw lives on inaccessible rocks. The mountain pipit lives in alpine and subalpine meadows. The white partridge is widespread; it is found everywhere in the rocky tundra at altitudes up to 3 thousand m.

In the forests of Altai there are lynx, badger, wolverine, ermine, chipmunk, and squirrel. The most valuable fur-bearing animal in the taiga is sable. This small predator has chosen for itself the most remote windfall places, making nests in the hollows of old trees.

Another valuable fur-bearing animal is the fox. Lives on flat terrain. Rodents are found everywhere here: hamsters, gophers various types, marmots, jerboas are found in arid areas of the steppe. Hares - hare and hare - live in the steppe and forest areas of the region. You can also meet a wolf there.

Almost all forest-steppe areas where there are bodies of water are habitat for muskrats. The rodent, which has commercial value, was brought from North America in the twenties and has successfully acclimatized to the Altai lands. And in the forest rivers and reservoirs of Salair there are beavers, whose range is increasing every year.
The birds most often found in the forest zone of the region are owls, eagle owls, and hawks. Commercial species include black grouse, hazel grouse, partridge, and wood grouse. Nutcrackers and jays, crossbills, and small songbirds are well adapted to life in forests.
In the mountains there is a large bird of prey - the golden eagle. Its prey is rodents - mice and gophers, marmots. The white partridge is found everywhere; it lives at altitudes of up to three thousand meters.

The steppe zone is the habitat of birds of prey: falcon, kestrel, buzzard, which hunt small field rodents. And on the lakes and swamps of the Altai plains live snipe, teal, gray cranes, mallard ducks, gray geese, cranes, and gulls. During their flights, swans and northern geese stop in these places.

The world of reptiles in Altai is small. Its main representatives are poisonous snake- the common copperhead, a viviparous lizard that is found throughout the Altai Territory. The common snake is found near water bodies; the steppe and common viper are found in the steppes and forest-steppes. Of the reptiles, the patterned snake is considered the largest in Altai. Its dimensions are more than a meter in length.

The reservoirs of the plains and mountain zones of the Altai Paradise are rich in fish. In the foothill rivers there are burbot and taimen, grayling and lenok, chebak, ruffe, gudgeon, and perch. The main river of Altai, the Ob, is home to sterlet, bream, pike perch, and others. The lakes of the plains are rich in crucian carp and tench, and their waters are home to pike and perch.

Among the arachnids in Altai, ticks live, which are carriers of the most serious disease - encephalitis.
Among insects, there are many pests of fields, gardens, and forests: Swedish fly, grain cutworm, Siberian grasshopper. In vegetable gardens - cabbage flea beetles, wireworms, in gardens - codling moth, hawthorn, in forests - Siberian and gypsy moths. Red ants are beneficial insects; they destroy small insects.

The Altai Territory is a hunting and commercial zone of Siberia: out of 90 species of animals, half are commercial. They hunt squirrel, marmot, sable, ermine and other fur-bearing animals.
Game birds include the gray goose, several species of ducks, partridge, black grouse, and hazel grouse.
The formation and development of animal resources in the region occurs under conditions of increased anthropogenic influence. A decrease in the bioproductivity of pastures due to overgrazing of livestock, water and wind erosion of soils, and deforestation lead to changes in animal habitats and a reduction in the number of squirrels, marmots, otters, musk deer, Siberian mountain goats, etc. The short-tailed snake eagle, blue-faced bustard, and bustard have disappeared partially or completely. The number of waterfowl, with the exception of the gray goose, is decreasing from year to year. The number of small mustelids, field and forest game is decreasing due to changes in the feeding and nesting conditions of their existence. Intensive development of ungulate resources, and primarily elk, requires a reduction in its production, increased protection and control over production, and in some areas a complete ban on hunting.

In 1997-1998, the production amounted to 7 wild boars and 11 bears.
The number in 1998 was: elk - 10,930, wild boar - 430, roe deer - 11,000, bear - 500.
Number of rare species: snow leopard - 39-49 pcs., Pallas cat - 250-350 pcs., gazelle - herds of 4-5 individuals, Altai mountain sheep - 370-470 pcs.

The region is home to about 100 species of mammals, more than 320 species of birds, 7 species of reptiles, 6 species of invertebrate animals. The Red Book includes 134 species of animals that need protection. The largest number of bird species is 82. Approximately half of them are listed in the Red Book of Russia (demoiselle crane, saker falcon, white partridge, eagle owl, etc.), 10 species are included in the IUCN Red Book (International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources). These are extremely rare species, such as, for example, the bustard, imperial imperial falcon, peregrine falcon, as well as category zero (probably extinct) little bustard and slender-billed curlew.

In addition to birds nesting in Altai, the Red Book of the Altai Territory includes species that appear during spring-autumn migrations (small swan, lesser white-fronted goose), as well as occasional vagrants (dallas and pink pelicans, flamingos, black cranes, griffon vultures, etc. .).

There are 17 species of mammals in the Red Book. These are mainly insectivores and rodents (eared hedgehogs, jerboas) and bats (there are 9 species, including the pointed-eared bat, listed in the Red Book of Russia). Two representatives of the mustelid family entered here - the otter and the bandage (also included in the Red Book of Russia).
The Red Book includes 26 species of insects. These are, among other things, relict butterflies - the variegated ascalafus, the gypsy mother-of-pearl, as well as the Gebler's ground beetle, endemic to Western Altai, possibly extinct at present.

In addition to birds, mammals and insects, the book includes 3 species of reptiles (takyr roundhead, colorful lizard, steppe viper), 2 species of amphibians (Siberian salamander, common newt) and 4 species of fish - lenok, apparently disappeared from the rivers of the region, endemic species Siberian sturgeon, nelma and taimen.
In addition to the main part, the Red Book of the Altai Territory includes 30 species that require special attention. These are, for example, musk deer, gray goose, little gull, quail, carpenter bee and other species.

The objects of hunting are several dozen species of animals, representatives of four orders of birds.