Social support for people with disabilities. Protection of the rights of disabled people in the Russian Federation Social guarantees for disabled people in the Russian Federation

People with disabilities have functional difficulties as a result of illness, deviations or deficiencies in development, state of health, appearance, due to the inability of the external environment to their special needs, as well as due to prejudices of society towards themselves. To reduce the impact of such restrictions, a system of state guarantees for social protection of disabled people has been developed

Social protection disabled people - a system of state-guaranteed economic, legal and social support measures that provide disabled people with conditions for overcoming, replacing (compensating) disabilities and aimed at creating equal opportunities for them to participate in the life of society with other citizens.

Social support for people with disabilities is a system of measures that provides social guarantees for people with disabilities, established by laws and other regulations, with the exception of pensions.

Medical and social services for disabled people are provided in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation and the legislation of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

State support for people with disabilities includes the following activities:

• 1. Providing qualified medical care to people with disabilities within the framework of the state guarantee program for providing free medical care to citizens of the Russian Federation.
• 2. Ensuring unhindered access to information for people with disabilities. Ensuring the publication of literature for the visually impaired is an expenditure obligation of the Russian Federation. Russian sign language is recognized as a language of communication in the presence of hearing and (or) speech impairments, including in the areas of oral use state language Russian Federation. A system of subtitling or sign language translation of television programs, films and videos is being introduced. Authorized bodies provide assistance to people with disabilities in obtaining services for sign language interpretation, sign language interpretation, provision of sign language equipment, and provision of sign language equipment.

State authorities and local governments create conditions in their subordinate institutions for people with hearing disabilities to receive translation services using Russian sign language.

• 3. Participation of visually impaired people in transactions (money transactions, notarial acts, etc.) using facsimile reproduction of a handwritten signature
• 4. The Government of the Russian Federation, executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, local self-government bodies and organizations, regardless of organizational and legal forms, create conditions for people with disabilities (including people with disabilities using wheelchairs and guide dogs) for unimpeded access to social infrastructure facilities (residential, public and industrial buildings, structures and structures, sports facilities, recreational facilities, cultural, entertainment and other institutions), as well as for the unhindered use of railway, air, water, intercity road transport and all types of urban and suburban passenger transport, communications and information (including means that provide duplication of sound signals for light signals of traffic lights and devices regulating the movement of pedestrians through transport communications).
• 5. Providing people with disabilities with living space. Disabled people and families with disabled children in need of improved housing conditions are registered and provided with living quarters in the manner prescribed by the legislation of the Russian Federation and the legislation of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.
• 6. Disabled people and families with disabled children are provided with compensation for expenses for living quarters and utilities in the amount of 50 percent:
  • · rental fees and fees for the maintenance of residential premises, which includes fees for services, work on managing an apartment building, for the maintenance and ongoing repairs of common property in an apartment building, based on the occupied total area of ​​​​residential premises of state and municipal housing funds;
  • · fees for cold water, hot water, electrical energy, thermal energy consumed in the maintenance of common property in an apartment building, as well as for the disposal of wastewater for the purpose of maintaining common property in an apartment building, regardless of the type of housing stock;
  • · fees for utilities, calculated based on the volume of consumed utilities, determined by meter readings, but not more than consumption standards approved in the manner established by the legislation of the Russian Federation. In the absence of the specified metering devices, fees for utility services are calculated based on standards for the consumption of utility services, approved in accordance with the procedure established by the legislation of the Russian Federation;
  • · payment of the cost of fuel purchased within the limits established for sale to the public, and transport services for the delivery of this fuel - when living in houses that do not have central heating.
• 7. Disabled people and families that include disabled people are given the right to priority receipt of land plots for individual housing construction, farming and gardening.
• 8. Education of disabled people. The state supports the acquisition of education by people with disabilities and guarantees the creation of the necessary conditions for people with disabilities to receive it.

Support general education, vocational education and vocational training for people with disabilities is aimed at:

• · their exercise of human rights and freedoms on an equal basis with other citizens;
• · development of personality, individual abilities and capabilities;
• · integration into society.
• 9. Providing employment for people with disabilities.

Disabled people are provided with guarantees of employment by federal government bodies and government bodies of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation through the following special events that help increase their competitiveness in the labor market:

• · establishing in organizations, regardless of organizational and legal forms and forms of ownership, quotas for hiring disabled people and a minimum number of special jobs for disabled people;
• · reservation of jobs in professions most suitable for employing people with disabilities;
• · stimulating the creation by enterprises, institutions, organizations of additional jobs (including special ones) for the employment of people with disabilities;
• · creation of working conditions for disabled people in accordance with individual rehabilitation programs for disabled people;
• · creating conditions for entrepreneurial activity of disabled people;
• · organizing training for disabled people in new professions.
• 10. Establishing a quota for hiring people with disabilities.

For disabled people of groups I and II, a reduced working time of no more than 35 hours per week is established while maintaining full pay.

Disabled persons are granted annual leave of at least 30 calendar days.

11. Material support for disabled people.

Material support for disabled people includes cash payments on various grounds (pensions, benefits, insurance payments when insuring the risk of health impairment, payments for compensation for harm caused to health, and other payments), compensation in cases established by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

12. Social services for people with disabilities.

Social services for disabled people are provided in the manner and on the basis determined by government bodies of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation with the participation of public associations of disabled people.

The form of provision of these social support measures is determined by the regulatory legal acts of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation.

The main laws on disabled people in the Russian Federation and the Omsk region are:

• · Federal Law of November 24, 1995 No. 181-FZ (as amended on June 29, 2015) “On social protection of disabled people in the Russian Federation”
• · Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of February 20, 2006 N 95 (as amended on August 6, 2015) “On the procedure and conditions for recognizing a person as disabled”
• · Order of the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Russian Federation dated September 29, 2014 N 664n “On classifications and criteria used in the implementation of medical social expertise citizens federal government agencies medical and social examination"
• · Federal Law of January 12, 1995 N 5-FZ (as amended on June 29, 2015) “On Veterans”
• · Federal Law of December 17, 2001 N 173-FZ (as amended on June 4, 2014) “On Labor Pensions in the Russian Federation”
• · Order of the Ministry of Health and social development RF dated November 24, 2010 N1031н (as amended on June 17, 2013) "On the forms of a certificate confirming the fact of identification and an extract from the examination report of a citizen recognized as disabled, issued by federal state institutions of medical and social examination, and the procedure for their preparation"
• · Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of July 27, 1996 N 901 “On providing benefits to disabled people and families with disabled children to provide them with living quarters, pay for housing and utilities”
• · Law of the Omsk Region of July 26, 2011 N 1373-OZ (as amended on November 7, 2013) “On the social protection of disabled people in the Omsk Region”
• · Federal Law of December 28, 2013 N 442-FZ (as amended on July 21, 2914) “On the fundamentals of social services for citizens in the Russian Federation”

And other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation and constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

For legal and social support of disabled people in the Russian Federation, various councils have been created under the heads of regions, as well as public organizations.

In the Omsk region there is a Council for Disabled People under the Governor of the Omsk Region, which was created in order to ensure interaction between the executive authorities of the Omsk region and local governments, public associations, other bodies and organizations when considering issues related to solving the problems of disability and people with disabilities in the Omsk region . The regulations on the Council for Persons with Disabilities under the Governor of the Omsk Region and its composition are approved by the Governor of the Omsk Region.

State authorities of the Omsk region:

• · involve representatives of public associations of people with disabilities for the preparation, adoption and implementation of decisions, including in the development of regulatory legal acts of the Omsk region that affect their interests;
• · involve representatives of public associations of people with disabilities to participate in the consideration of issues related to the creation of conditions for people with disabilities for unhindered access to engineering, transport and social infrastructure facilities;
• · provide assistance to public associations of people with disabilities in carrying out their activities in the Omsk region, including by providing subsidies from the regional budget in accordance with federal and regional legislation.

The right of disabled people to create public associations is described in Article 33 of the Federal Law of November 24, 1995 N 181-FZ "On the social protection of disabled people in the Russian Federation"

Public associations created and operating in order to protect the rights and legitimate interests of people with disabilities, providing them with equal opportunities with other citizens, are a form of social protection for people with disabilities. The state provides assistance and assistance to these public associations, including material, technical and financial. Local government bodies have the right to provide support to public associations of people with disabilities at the expense of local budgets (with the exception of interbudgetary transfers provided from the budgets of the budgetary system of the Russian Federation).

The most famous public associations in Russia are the All-Russian Society of Disabled Persons and the Union of Disabled Persons of Russia.

The All-Russian Society of Disabled People was created on August 17, 1988. The goals of the VOI are: protecting the rights and interests of people with disabilities, ensuring people with disabilities have equal opportunities with other citizens to participate in all spheres of society, integrating people with disabilities into society. Today, VOI is more than 1.6 million people, 24.3 thousand primary organizations, 2,100 district and city and 81 regional organizations. In 1998, VOI was awarded Special Consultative Status with the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations. It has a representative office in all regions of the Russian Federation, incl. and in the Omsk region.

The All-Russian Union of Public Organizations of Disabled People "Union of Disabled People of Russia" was registered on June 11, 1999 by the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation under No. 3714, on the initiative of public organizations of disabled people of Russia.

The Union of Disabled People of Russia is a public base aimed at developing a system that will allow people with disabilities to unlock their potential and fully realize themselves in modern society, to receive equal rights and living conditions along with other citizens of the Russian Federation.

The Russian Union of Disabled Persons organizes charitable activities and holds various public and government events

Main goals:

• · Protection of the rights and interests of people with disabilities;
• · Providing disabled people with equal opportunities to participate in all spheres of public life with other citizens;
• · Implementation of social programs aimed at providing comprehensive assistance to people with disabilities;
• · Development of comprehensive cooperation of organizations of disabled people with public organizations, government and commercial structures

Thus, measures of social protection of disabled people in the Russian Federation include: medical and social services, pensions and legal protection of disabled people, based on adopted legislative acts in the Russian Federation.

According to official data provided by the Federal State Statistics Service, as of November 2017, 12.7 million citizens with disabilities were registered in the Russian Federation. Of them:

• 1 group - 1,400,000 people;
• 2 groups - 6,300,000;
• 3 groups - 4,600,000.

These citizens belong to socially vulnerable segments of the population. Because of this vulnerability to society, they require special protection from the state. For this purpose, it was developed and adopted Federal Law No. 181. But what is this regulatory act? What are the rights of people with disabilities under Federal Law 181? What are the significant modifications to the law in question that were introduced to it during 2017? Which articles were these amendments made to? Let's talk about this in the article.

What is the law?

Federal Law “On Social Protection of Persons with Disabilities in the Russian Federation” N 181-FZ was adopted by the State Duma in the official third reading on July 20, 1995. The regulatory act under study received approval from the Federation Council on November 15 of the same year. The signing of the Federal Law under consideration by the President of the Russian Federation and the official publication of this document took place on November 25, 1905.

The Federal Law “On Social Protection of Persons with Disabilities in the Russian Federation” consists of 6 chapters and 36 articles. The structure of the regulatory act being studied is as follows:

• Chapter 1 - General and introductory provisions (Articles 1-6);
• Chapter 2 - Principles of medical and social expertise (Articles 7-8);
• Chapter 3 - Rehabilitation means for citizens with disabilities (Articles 9-12);
• Chapter 4 - Problems of ensuring the livelihoods of people with disabilities (Articles 13-32);
• Chapter 5 - Standards of this Federal Law on the creation of public associations of people with disabilities (Articles 33-34);
• Chapter 6 - Final provisions of the Federal Law under consideration (35-36).

Law on social protection of disabled people to ensure legal equality of citizens of the Russian Federation, regardless of their health status. Federal Law No. 181 contains provisions ensuring that people with disabilities have access to activities in the sphere of economics, politics and social relationships. The provisions of the normative act under study ensure the right of persons with disabilities to medical care, as well as for rehabilitation activities.

Like other Federal laws of the Russian Federation, Federal Law 181 regularly undergoes significant amendments. The text of the studied regulatory act was last updated on October 30, 2017.

Rights of people with disabilities under Federal Law 181

Rights of people with disabilities according to this law Federal Law 181, are as follows:

• For social benefits;
• To provide specialized medical care;
• To provide funds for rehabilitation and life support;
• For additional employment quotas;
• To receive education in a general or special system (depending on health status);
• For monthly financial assistance from the state;
• Unhindered access to sources of information;
• To help in everyday life;
• To create communities of people with disabilities;
• For social and economic support from government agencies.

According to the regulations Article 32 of the Federal Law being studied, physical or entity who violates the rights of people with disabilities is subject to administrative or criminal liability, depending on the severity of the crime committed. All disputes regarding violations of Federal Law 181 standards are resolved in court.

What changes have been made?

Any regulatory legal act regularly undergoes a procedure for updating its own text. This procedure necessary to ensure the legitimacy of the document in the constantly changing social and legal conditions in modern Russia.

Last changes No. 181-FZ was introduced into the Federal Law “On Social Protection of Disabled Persons in the Russian Federation” October 30, 2017. The amending document was the Federal Law “On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation.” The regulations of Article 3 of Federal Law 181 amend the paragraph 13 of article 17 Federal Law No. 181. The text of the article in question in the new edition states that when providing housing to disabled people, benefits for the provision of thermal energy are abolished.

It is worth paying attention to the following significant amendments introduced into the regulations of the normative act in question at different times:

• Art. eleven, last amended on December 1, 2012. The article in question deals with the provision of an individual rehabilitation/habilitation program for persons with special needs. According to the amendments, the provision rehabilitation equipment and other means is the direct responsibility of local governments. If such services are not provided to a disabled person, or he paid for procedures or medications at his own expense, he is paid appropriate compensation;
• Art. 15, last edition - December 1, 2014. The text of the studied part of Federal Law No. 181, as amended, states that no obstacles should be created for citizens with disabilities in terms of access to social, engineering and transport infrastructure. For these purposes, auxiliary means should be installed (such as a ramp and a traffic light with additional sound);
• Art. 23, amendments made June 9, 2001. According to the regulations of this article, special working conditions must be created for people with disabilities. Thus, the working hours for a person with a disability of group 1 or 2 is no more than 35 hours per week. Full wages are retained. According to the Federal Law under consideration, disabled people are entitled to annual leave of at least 30 days. If the specifics of the position do not require intense physical labor, disability is not a legitimate reason for refusing to hire an employee.
• Art. 28, as amended on March 7, 2017. This article in the edition under study contains standards for social services for people with disabilities. According to the changes made, the procedure for providing people with disabilities with technical aids is determined by the Government of the Russian Federation.

The following amendments to the regulatory act under study are scheduled for December 2017.

Download the current version of the law

Persons interested in a more detailed study of the act in question are advised to familiarize themselves with the text of the Federal Law on Social Protection of Persons with Disabilities in the latest edition. Download Federal Law 181 with changes relevant for the period of November 2017, you can use the following

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Changes and amendments

(as amended by Federal Law dated January 4, 1999 N 5-FZ)

This Federal Law determines the state policy in the field of social protection of disabled people in the Russian Federation, the purpose of which is to provide disabled people with equal opportunities with other citizens in the implementation of civil, economic, political and other rights and freedoms provided for by the Constitution of the Russian Federation, as well as in accordance with generally recognized principles and norms international law and international treaties of the Russian Federation.

Chapter I. General provisions

Article 1. The concept of “disabled person”, grounds for determining the disability group

A disabled person is a person who has a health impairment with a persistent disorder of body functions, caused by diseases, consequences of injuries or defects, leading to limitation of life activity and necessitating his social protection.

Limitation of life activity - complete or partial loss of a person’s ability or ability to perform self-care, move independently, navigate, communicate, control one’s behavior, study and engage in work.

Depending on the degree of impairment of body functions and limitations in life activity, persons recognized as disabled are assigned a disability group, and persons under the age of 16 are assigned the category “disabled child.”

Recognition of a person as disabled is carried out by the State Medical and Social Examination Service. The procedure and conditions for recognizing a person as disabled are established by the Government of the Russian Federation.

Article 2. The concept of social protection of disabled people

Social protection of disabled people is a system of state-guaranteed economic, social and legal measures that provide disabled people with conditions for overcoming, replacing (compensating) disabilities and aimed at creating equal opportunities for them to participate in the life of society as other citizens.

Article 3. Legislation of the Russian Federation on social protection of disabled people

The legislation of the Russian Federation on social protection of disabled people consists of the relevant provisions of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, this Federal Law, other federal laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation, as well as laws and other regulatory legal acts of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

If an international treaty (agreement) of the Russian Federation establishes rules other than those provided for by this Federal Law, then the rules of the international treaty (agreement) apply.

Article 4. Competence of federal government bodies in the field of social protection of disabled people

The jurisdiction of federal government bodies in the field of social protection of disabled people includes:

1) determination of state policy regarding persons with disabilities;

2) adoption of federal laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation on social protection of disabled people (including those regulating the procedure and conditions for providing disabled people with a single federal minimum of social protection measures); control over the implementation of the legislation of the Russian Federation on social protection of disabled people;

3) conclusion of international treaties (agreements) of the Russian Federation on issues of social protection of disabled people;

4) establishment general principles organization and implementation of medical and social examination and rehabilitation of disabled people;

5) defining criteria, establishing conditions for recognizing a person as disabled;

6) establishment state standards for social services, technical means of rehabilitation, means of communication and computer science, the establishment of norms and rules that ensure accessibility of the living environment for disabled people; determining appropriate certification requirements;

7) establishing a procedure for accreditation and licensing of organizations, regardless of organizational, legal forms and forms of ownership, carrying out activities in the field of rehabilitation of disabled people;

8) implementation of accreditation and licensing of enterprises, institutions and organizations that are federally owned and carry out activities in the field of rehabilitation of disabled people;

9) development and implementation of federal target programs in the field of social protection of disabled people, monitoring their implementation;

10) approval and financing of federal basic programs for the rehabilitation of disabled people;

11) creation and management of rehabilitation industry facilities that are federally owned;

12) determination of the list of specialties of workers engaged in the field of medical and social examination and rehabilitation of disabled people, organization of personnel training in this area;

13) coordination scientific research, financing of research and development work on the problems of disability and people with disabilities;

14) development of methodological documents on issues of social protection of disabled people;

15) establishment of job quotas for disabled people;

16) assistance in the work of all-Russian public associations of disabled people and providing them with assistance;

17) establishment of federal benefits, including taxation, for organizations, regardless of organizational and legal forms and forms of ownership, that invest funds in the sphere of social protection of people with disabilities, produce special industrial goods, technical means and devices for people with disabilities, provide services to people with disabilities, as well as public associations of disabled people and enterprises, institutions, organizations, business partnerships and societies owned by them, the authorized capital of which consists of the contribution of a public association of disabled people;

18) establishment of federal benefits for certain categories of disabled people;

19) formation of federal budget indicators for expenditures on social protection of disabled people.

Article 5. Competence of state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in the field of social protection of disabled people

The jurisdiction of state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in the field of social protection of disabled people includes:

1) implementation of state policy regarding people with disabilities in the territories of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation;

2) adoption of laws and other regulatory legal acts of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation on the social protection of disabled people, monitoring their implementation;

3) determination of priorities in the implementation of social policy regarding people with disabilities in the territories of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, taking into account the level of social economic development territory of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation;

4) creation of enterprises, institutions and organizations Civil service medical and social examination, State Service for the Rehabilitation Industry, monitoring their activities;

5) accreditation and licensing of enterprises, institutions and organizations owned by constituent entities of the Russian Federation, carrying out activities in the field of rehabilitation of disabled people;

6) participation in implementation federal programs in the field of social protection of disabled people, development and financing of regional programs in this area;

7) approval and financing of the list of rehabilitation activities carried out in the territories of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, taking into account socio-economic, climatic and other features in addition to the federal basic programs for the rehabilitation of people with disabilities;

8) creation and management of facilities in the field of social protection of disabled people, under the jurisdiction of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation;

9) organization and coordination of training activities in the field of social protection of disabled people;

10) coordination and financing of scientific research, research and development work in the field of social protection of disabled people;

11) development, within its competence, of methodological documents on issues of social protection of disabled people;

12) assistance in the work and assistance to public associations of people with disabilities in the territories of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation;

13) establishment of benefits, including taxation, for organizations, regardless of organizational and legal forms and forms of ownership, investing in the sphere of social protection of people with disabilities, producing special industrial goods, technical means and devices for people with disabilities, providing services to people with disabilities, as well as public associations disabled people and their owned enterprises, institutions, organizations, business partnerships and societies, the authorized capital of which consists of the contribution of a public association of disabled people;

14) establishment of benefits for disabled people or certain categories of disabled people in the territories of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation at the expense of funds from the budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation;

15) formation of budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in terms of expenses for social protection of disabled people.

Federal government bodies and government bodies of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation may, by agreement, transfer to each other part of their powers in the field of social protection of disabled people.

Article 6. Liability for causing harm to health leading to disability

For causing harm to the health of citizens resulting in disability, the persons responsible for this bear material, civil, administrative and criminal liability in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.

Chapter II. Medical and social examination

Article 7. The concept of medical and social examination

Medical and social examination is the determination, in the prescribed manner, of the needs of the examined person for social protection measures, including rehabilitation, based on an assessment of the limitations in life activity caused by a persistent disorder of body functions.

Medical and social examination is carried out based on comprehensive assessment state of the body based on an analysis of clinical - functional, social - everyday, professional - labor, psychological data of the person being examined using classifications and criteria developed and approved in the manner determined by the Government of the Russian Federation.

Article 8. State service of medical and social examination

1. Medical and social examination is carried out by the State Service for Medical and Social Examination, which is part of the system (structure) of social protection bodies of the Russian Federation. The procedure for organizing and operating the State Service for Medical and Social Expertise is determined by the Government of the Russian Federation.

2. Medical services when registering citizens for examination in institutions of the State Service for Medical and Social Expertise, rehabilitation measures are included in the federal basic program of mandatory health insurance citizens of the Russian Federation and are financed from the federal and territorial compulsory health insurance funds.

3. The State Service of Medical and Social Expertise is entrusted with:

1) determination of the disability group, its causes, timing, time of onset of disability, the disabled person’s need for various types social protection;
2) development individual programs rehabilitation of disabled people;
3) study of the level and causes of disability of the population;
4) participation in the development of comprehensive programs for the prevention of disability, medical and social rehabilitation and social protection of disabled people;
5) determination of the degree of loss of professional ability of persons who received a work injury or occupational disease;
6) determining the cause of death of a disabled person in cases where the legislation of the Russian Federation provides for the provision of benefits to the family of the deceased.

The decision of the body of the State Service for Medical and Social Expertise is mandatory for execution by the relevant government bodies, local government bodies, as well as organizations, regardless of organizational and legal forms and forms of ownership.

Chapter III. Rehabilitation of disabled people

Article 9. Concept of rehabilitation of disabled people

1. Rehabilitation of disabled people - a system of medical, psychological, pedagogical, social - economic events, aimed at eliminating or possibly more fully compensating for life limitations caused by health problems with persistent impairment of body functions. The goal of rehabilitation is to restore the social status of a disabled person, achieve financial independence and social adaptation.

2. Rehabilitation of disabled people includes:

1) medical rehabilitation, which consists of rehabilitation therapy, reconstructive surgery, prosthetics and orthotics;

2) professional rehabilitation of disabled people, which consists of vocational guidance, vocational education, vocational and industrial adaptation and employment;

3) social rehabilitation of disabled people, which consists of social and environmental orientation and social and everyday adaptation.

Article 10. Federal basic program for the rehabilitation of disabled people

The Federal Basic Program for the Rehabilitation of Disabled Persons is a guaranteed list of rehabilitation measures, technical means and services provided to a disabled person free of charge at the expense of the federal budget.

The Federal Basic Program for the Rehabilitation of Disabled Persons and the procedure for its implementation are approved by the Government of the Russian Federation.
Rehabilitation technical means and services are provided to people with disabilities, as a rule, in kind.

Article 11. Individual rehabilitation program for a disabled person

An individual rehabilitation program for a disabled person is a set of optimal rehabilitation measures for a disabled person, developed on the basis of a decision of the State Medical and Social Expertise Service, which includes: individual species, forms, volumes, timing and procedure for the implementation of medical, professional and other rehabilitation measures aimed at restoring, compensating for impaired or lost body functions, restoring, compensating for the abilities of a disabled person to perform certain types of activities.

An individual rehabilitation program for a disabled person is mandatory for execution by the relevant government bodies, local government bodies, as well as organizations, regardless of organizational, legal forms and forms of ownership.

An individual rehabilitation program for a disabled person contains both rehabilitation measures provided to a disabled person free of charge in accordance with the federal basic program for the rehabilitation of disabled people, and rehabilitation measures in the payment of which the disabled person himself or other persons or organizations participate, regardless of organizational, legal forms and forms of ownership.

The volume of rehabilitation measures provided for by the individual rehabilitation program for a disabled person cannot be less than that established by the federal basic program for the rehabilitation of disabled people.

An individual rehabilitation program is of a recommendatory nature for a disabled person; he has the right to refuse one or another type, form and volume of rehabilitation measures, as well as the implementation of the program as a whole. A disabled person has the right to independently decide on the issue of providing himself with a specific technical means or type of rehabilitation, including cars, wheelchairs, prosthetic and orthopedic products, printed publications with a special font, sound-amplifying equipment, signaling devices, video materials with subtitles or sign language translation, and other similar means.

If a technical or other means or service provided for by an individual rehabilitation program cannot be provided to a disabled person, or if a disabled person has purchased the appropriate means or paid for the service at his own expense, then he is paid compensation in the amount of the cost of the technical or other means or services that should be provided to the disabled person.

Refusal of a disabled person (or a person representing his interests) from an individual rehabilitation program as a whole or from the implementation of its individual parts releases the relevant state authorities, local governments, as well as organizations, regardless of organizational and legal forms and forms of ownership, from responsibility for its implementation and does not give a disabled person the right to receive compensation in the amount of the cost of rehabilitation measures provided free of charge.

Article 12. State service for rehabilitation of disabled people

State Service for the Rehabilitation of Disabled People - a set of government bodies, regardless of departmental affiliation, local government bodies, institutions various levels carrying out measures for medical, professional and social rehabilitation.

Coordination of activities in the field of rehabilitation of disabled people is carried out by the Ministry of Social Protection of the Population of the Russian Federation.

Rehabilitation institutions are institutions that carry out the process of rehabilitation of disabled people in accordance with rehabilitation programs.

Federal executive authorities, executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, taking into account regional and territorial needs, create a network of rehabilitation institutions and ensure the development of a system of medical, professional and social rehabilitation of people with disabilities, organize the production of technical means of rehabilitation, develop services for people with disabilities, promote the development of non-state rehabilitation institutions with whether they have licenses for this type of activity, as well as funds various forms property and interact with them in the implementation of rehabilitation of disabled people.

Financing of rehabilitation activities is carried out from the federal budget, funds from the budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, federal and territorial compulsory health insurance funds, the State Employment Fund of the Russian Federation, Pension Fund Russian Federation (in accordance with the provisions on these funds), other sources not prohibited by the legislation of the Russian Federation. Financing of rehabilitation activities, including the maintenance of rehabilitation institutions, is allowed on the basis of cooperation of budgetary and extra-budgetary funds.

The procedure for organizing and operating the State Service for the Rehabilitation of Disabled Persons is determined by the Government of the Russian Federation.

Chapter IV. Providing life support for people with disabilities

Article 13. Medical assistance to disabled people

Providing qualified medical care to people with disabilities, including drug provision, is carried out free of charge or on preferential terms in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation and the legislation of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

The procedure and conditions for providing qualified medical care to various categories of disabled people are determined by the Government of the Russian Federation.

Medical rehabilitation of disabled people is carried out within the framework of the federal basic program of compulsory health insurance for the population of the Russian Federation at the expense of federal and territorial compulsory health insurance funds.

Article 14. Ensuring unhindered access to information for people with disabilities

The state guarantees a disabled person the right to receive the necessary information. For these purposes, measures are being taken to strengthen the material and technical base of editorial offices, publishing houses and printing enterprises that produce special literature for people with disabilities, as well as editorial offices, programs, studios, enterprises, institutions and organizations that produce recordings, audio recordings and other sound products, film and videos and other video products for people with disabilities. Issue of periodical, scientific, educational - methodological, reference - information and fiction for disabled people, including those published on tape cassettes and in embossed dotted Braille, is carried out at the expense of the federal budget.

Sign language is recognized as a means of interpersonal communication. A system of subtitling or sign language translation of television programs, films and videos is being introduced.

Social protection authorities provide assistance to people with disabilities in obtaining sign language translation services, providing sign language equipment, and providing typhoid medications.

Article 15. Ensuring unimpeded access for people with disabilities to social infrastructure facilities

The Government of the Russian Federation, executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, local governments, organizations, regardless of organizational and legal forms and forms of ownership, create conditions for people with disabilities (including people with disabilities using wheelchairs and guide dogs) for free access to social infrastructure facilities: residential , public and industrial buildings, recreational facilities, sports facilities, cultural and entertainment and other institutions; for unhindered use of public transport and transport communications, communications and information.

Planning and development of cities and other populated areas, formation of residential and recreational areas, development of design solutions for new construction and reconstruction of buildings, structures and their complexes, as well as the development and production of public transport vehicles, communications and information equipment without adapting these objects for access disabled people are not allowed to access them or use them.

Carrying out measures to adapt social and industrial infrastructure facilities for access to them by disabled people and their use by disabled people is carried out in accordance with federal and territorial targeted programs, approved in accordance with the established procedure.

The development of design solutions for the new construction of buildings, structures and their complexes without coordination with the relevant executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and taking into account the opinions of public associations of people with disabilities is not allowed.

In cases where existing facilities cannot be fully adapted to the needs of people with disabilities, the owners of these facilities must, in agreement with public associations of people with disabilities, take measures to ensure that the minimum needs of people with disabilities are met.

Enterprises, institutions and organizations providing transport services to the population provide special adaptations for vehicles, stations, airports and other facilities that allow people with disabilities to freely use their services.

Places for the construction of a garage or parking for technical and other means of transportation are provided to disabled people out of turn near their place of residence, taking into account urban planning standards.

Disabled people are exempt from rent for land and premises for storing vehicles available for their personal use.

At each parking lot (stop) of vehicles, including near trade enterprises, services, medical, sports and cultural and entertainment institutions, at least 10 percent of the spaces (but not less than one space) are allocated for parking special vehicles for disabled people who are not must be occupied by other vehicles. Disabled persons use parking spaces for special vehicles free of charge.

Article 16. Responsibility for failure to fulfill obligations to ensure access for people with disabilities to social infrastructure facilities

Organizations, regardless of organizational and legal forms and forms of ownership, that do not comply with the adaptation measures provided for by this Federal Law, other federal laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation existing funds transport, communications, information and other social infrastructure facilities for access to them by disabled people and their use by disabled people, allocate to the appropriate budgets the funds necessary to meet the needs of disabled people, in the manner and amounts established by the Government of the Russian Federation, executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, authorities local government with the participation of public associations of disabled people. These funds are used for the intended purpose only for the implementation of measures to adapt social infrastructure facilities for access to them by disabled people and their use by disabled people.

Article 17. Providing disabled people with living space

Disabled people and families with disabled children in need of improved housing conditions are registered and provided with living quarters, taking into account the benefits provided for by the legislation of the Russian Federation and the legislation of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

Residential premises are provided to disabled people and families with disabled children, taking into account their state of health and other circumstances worthy of attention.

Disabled people have the right to additional living space in the form of a separate room in accordance with the list of diseases approved by the Government of the Russian Federation. This right is taken into account when registering for the improvement of living conditions and the provision of residential premises in houses of the state or municipal housing stock. Additional living space occupied by a disabled person (regardless of whether in the form of a separate room or not) is not considered excessive and is subject to payment in a single amount, taking into account the benefits provided.

Residential premises occupied by disabled people are equipped with special means and devices in accordance with the individual rehabilitation program of the disabled person.

Disabled people living in stationary social service institutions and wishing to obtain residential premises under a rental or lease agreement are subject to registration for improvement of living conditions, regardless of the size of the occupied area and are provided with residential premises on an equal basis with other disabled people.

Disabled children living in stationary social service institutions, who are orphans or deprived of parental care, upon reaching the age of 18 years, are subject to being provided with residential premises out of turn, if the individual rehabilitation program for the disabled person provides for the opportunity to provide self-care and lead an independent lifestyle.

Residential premises in the houses of the state, municipal and public housing stock, occupied by a disabled person under a rental or rental agreement, when the disabled person is placed in a stationary social service institution, are retained by him for six months.

Specially equipped residential premises in houses of the state, municipal and public housing stock, occupied by disabled people under a rental or rental agreement, upon their vacancy, are occupied first of all by other disabled people in need of improved housing conditions.

Disabled people and families with disabled children are given a discount of no less than 50 percent on rent (in state, municipal and public housing stock) and utility bills (regardless of the ownership of the housing stock), and in residential buildings those who do not have central heating - from the cost of fuel purchased within the limits established for sale to the population.

Disabled people and families that include disabled people are given the right to priority receipt of land plots for individual housing construction, farming and gardening.

The procedure for providing these benefits is determined by the Government of the Russian Federation. Executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and local governments have the right to establish additional benefits for people with disabilities.

Article 18. Education and training of disabled children

Educational institutions, social protection bodies, communication, information, physical culture and sports institutions ensure continuity of upbringing and education, social and everyday adaptation of disabled children.

Educational institutions, together with social protection authorities and health authorities, provide pre-school, out-of-school education and education for disabled children, and the receipt of secondary general education, secondary vocational and higher vocational education by disabled people in accordance with the individual rehabilitation program for the disabled person.

For disabled children preschool age the necessary rehabilitation measures are provided and conditions are created for staying in children's preschool institutions general type. For disabled children whose health condition precludes their stay in general preschool institutions, special preschool institutions are created.

If it is impossible to educate and educate disabled children in general or special preschool and general educational institutions Education authorities and educational institutions provide, with the consent of parents, the education of disabled children according to a full general education or individual program at home.

The procedure for raising and educating disabled children at home, in non-state educational institutions, as well as the amount of compensation for parents' expenses for these purposes are determined by the Government of the Russian Federation.

Article 19. Education of disabled people

The state guarantees disabled people the necessary conditions for education and training.

General education of disabled people is provided free of charge both in general educational institutions, equipped, if necessary, with special technical means, and in special educational institutions and is regulated by the legislation of the Russian Federation and the legislation of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

The state ensures that disabled people receive basic general, secondary (complete) general education, primary vocational, secondary vocational and higher vocational education in accordance with the individual rehabilitation program for the disabled person.

Vocational education of disabled people in educational institutions of various types and levels is carried out in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation and the legislation of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

For people with disabilities who need special conditions To obtain vocational education, special vocational educational institutions of various types and types are created or corresponding conditions are created in vocational educational institutions of a general type.

Vocational training and vocational education of people with disabilities in special vocational educational institutions for people with disabilities are carried out in accordance with state educational standards based on educational programs adapted for teaching people with disabilities.

Organization educational process in special professional educational institutions for people with disabilities is regulated by regulatory legal acts, organizationally - teaching materials relevant ministries and other federal executive authorities.

State educational authorities provide students with special education free of charge or on preferential terms. teaching aids and literature, and also provide students with the opportunity to use the services of sign language interpreters.

Article 20. Ensuring employment of disabled people

Disabled people are provided with guarantees of employment by federal government bodies and government bodies of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation through the following special events that help increase their competitiveness in the labor market:

1) implementation of preferential financial - credit policy in relation to specialized enterprises employing the work of disabled people, enterprises, institutions, organizations of public associations of disabled people;

2) establishing in organizations, regardless of organizational and legal forms and forms of ownership, quotas for hiring disabled people and a minimum number of special jobs for disabled people;

3) reserving jobs in professions most suitable for employing people with disabilities;

4) stimulating the creation by enterprises, institutions, organizations of additional jobs (including special ones) for the employment of people with disabilities;

5) creating working conditions for disabled people in accordance with individual rehabilitation programs for disabled people;

6) creating conditions for entrepreneurial activity of disabled people;

7) organizing training for disabled people in new professions.

Article 21. Establishing a quota for hiring disabled people

Organizations, regardless of organizational and legal forms and forms of ownership, whose number of employees is more than 30 people, are set a quota for hiring disabled people as a percentage of the average number of employees (but not less than three percent).

Public associations of disabled people and their owned enterprises, institutions, organizations, business partnerships and societies, the authorized capital of which consists of the contribution of a public association of disabled people, are exempt from mandatory quotas of jobs for disabled people.

The executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation have the right to establish a higher quota for hiring people with disabilities.

The procedure for determining the quota is approved by the specified bodies.

In case of non-fulfillment or impossibility of fulfilling the quota for hiring disabled people, employers pay a mandatory fee in the established amount for each unemployed disabled person within the established quota to the State Employment Fund of the Russian Federation. The funds received are spent specifically on creating jobs for people with disabilities.

On the recommendation of the Federal Employment Service of Russia, the State Employment Fund of the Russian Federation transfers the specified amounts to organizations, regardless of organizational, legal forms and forms of ownership, for the creation of jobs for disabled people in excess of the approved quota, as well as public associations of disabled people for the creation of specialized enterprises (workshops, sites), employing disabled people.

Article 22. Special workplaces for employing disabled people

Special workplaces for employing disabled people are workplaces that require additional measures to organize work, including adaptation of main and auxiliary equipment, technical and organizational equipment, additional equipment and provision of technical devices, taking into account the individual capabilities of disabled people.

The minimum number of special jobs for employing disabled people is established by the executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation for each enterprise, institution, organization within the established quota for hiring disabled people.

Special jobs for employing disabled people are created at the expense of the federal budget, funds from the budgets of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, the State Employment Fund of the Russian Federation, with the exception of jobs for disabled people who have received a work injury or occupational disease. Special jobs for employing disabled people who received illness or injury while performing military service duties or as a result of natural disasters and ethnic conflicts are created using federal budget funds.

Special workplaces for the employment of disabled people who have received a work-related injury or occupational disease are created at the expense of employers who are obliged to compensate for harm caused to employees as a result of injury, occupational disease or other damage to health associated with the performance of work duties by employees.

Article 23. Working conditions for disabled people

Disabled people employed in organizations, regardless of organizational and legal forms and forms of ownership, are provided with the necessary working conditions in accordance with the individual rehabilitation program for the disabled person.

It is not allowed to establish in collective or individual employment contracts working conditions of disabled people (wages, working and rest hours, duration of annual and additional paid leave, etc.), worsening the situation of disabled people compared to other workers.

For disabled people of groups I and II, a reduced working time of no more than 35 hours per week is established while maintaining full pay.

Involvement of disabled people in overtime work, work on weekends and at night is permitted only with their consent and provided that such work is not prohibited for them due to health reasons.

Disabled persons are granted annual leave of at least 30 calendar days based on a six-day working week.

Article 24. Rights, obligations and responsibilities of employers in ensuring the employment of disabled people

1. Employers have the right to request and receive information necessary when creating special jobs for employing people with disabilities.

2. Employers, in accordance with the established quota for hiring disabled people, are obliged to:

1) create or allocate jobs for the employment of disabled people;
2) create working conditions for disabled people in accordance with the individual rehabilitation program for a disabled person;
3) provide, in accordance with the established procedure, information necessary for organizing the employment of disabled people.

3. Heads of organizations, regardless of organizational and legal forms and forms of ownership, who violate the procedure for making mandatory payments to the State Employment Fund of the Russian Federation, are liable in the form of paying a fine: for concealing or understating the mandatory payment - in the amount of the hidden or underpaid amount, and in in case of refusal to hire a disabled person within the established quota - in the amount of the cost of the workplace determined by the executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The amounts of fines are collected in an indisputable manner by the authorities of the State Tax Service of the Russian Federation. Paying a fine does not relieve them from paying the debt.

Article 25. Procedure and conditions for recognizing a disabled person as unemployed

Unemployed is a disabled person who has a work recommendation, a conclusion on the recommended nature and conditions of work, which is issued in the prescribed manner, who does not have a job, is registered with the Federal Employment Service of Russia in order to find a suitable job and is ready to start it.

To make a decision on recognizing a disabled person as unemployed, he submits to the Federal Employment Service of Russia, along with the documents established by the Law of the Russian Federation “On Employment of the Population in the Russian Federation,” an individual rehabilitation program for a disabled person.

Article 26. State incentives for the participation of enterprises and organizations in ensuring the livelihoods of people with disabilities

State support (including the provision of tax and other benefits) to enterprises and organizations producing industrial goods, technical means and devices for disabled people, providing employment for disabled people, providing medical care, educational services, providing sanatorium and resort treatment, consumer services and creating conditions for classes physical culture and sports, organizing leisure activities for people with disabilities, investing more than 30 percent of profits in projects that ensure the livelihoods of people with disabilities, in scientific and experimental development of technical means for the rehabilitation of people with disabilities, as well as prosthetic and orthopedic enterprises, medical and industrial (labor) workshops and subsidiary agricultural institutions bodies of social protection of the population, the state enterprise "National Fund for Assistance to Disabled Persons of the Russian Federation" is carried out in the manner and under the conditions provided for by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

Article 27. Material support for disabled people

Material support for disabled people includes monetary payments on various grounds (pensions, benefits, insurance payments for insuring the risk of health impairment, payments for compensation for harm caused to health, and other payments), compensation in cases established by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

Receiving compensation and other monetary payments of one type does not deprive disabled people of the right to receive other types of monetary payments if they have grounds for this, provided for by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

Article 28. Social services for disabled people

Note: On the issue relating to social services for elderly citizens and the disabled, see Federal Law of 02.08.95 N 122-FZ.

Social services for disabled people are provided in the manner and on the basis determined by local government bodies with the participation of public associations of disabled people.

Executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and local governments create special social services for disabled people, including the delivery of food and industrial goods to disabled people, and approve a list of diseases of disabled people for which they are entitled to preferential services.

Disabled people in need of outside care and assistance are provided with medical and household services at home or in inpatient institutions. The conditions of stay of disabled people in a stationary social service institution must ensure that disabled people can exercise their rights and legitimate interests in accordance with this Federal Law and help meet their needs.

Disabled people have the right to manufacture and repair prosthetic and orthopedic products and other types of prosthetic products (except for dentures made of precious metals and other expensive materials equal in value to precious metals) at the expense of the federal budget in the manner established by the Government of the Russian Federation.

Disabled people are provided with the necessary means of telecommunications services, special telephone sets (including for subscribers with hearing impairments), and public call centers.

Disabled persons receive a 50 percent discount for using telephones and radio broadcasting points.

Disabled people are provided with household appliances, tiflo-, surdo- and other means they need for social adaptation; Repair of these devices and facilities is carried out for disabled people free of charge or on preferential terms.

The procedure for providing disabled people with technical and other means that make their work and life easier is determined by the Government of the Russian Federation.

Article 29. Sanatorium and resort treatment for disabled people

Disabled people and disabled children have the right to sanatorium and resort treatment in accordance with the individual rehabilitation program for a disabled person on preferential terms. Group I disabled people and disabled children in need of sanatorium and resort treatment have the right to receive a second voucher for the person accompanying them under the same conditions.

For non-working disabled people, including those in inpatient social service institutions, sanatorium and resort vouchers are issued free of charge by social protection authorities.

Working disabled people are provided with sanatorium and resort vouchers at their place of work on preferential terms at the expense of social insurance funds.

Disabled people who have received a work injury or occupational disease are provided with vouchers for sanatorium and resort treatment at the expense of employers who are obliged to compensate for harm caused to employees as a result of injury, occupational disease or other damage to health associated with the performance of work duties by employees.

Article 30. Transport services for disabled people

Disabled children, their parents, guardians, trustees and social workers Those caring for disabled children, as well as disabled people, enjoy the right to free travel on all types of public transport in urban and suburban traffic, except taxis.

Disabled persons are given a 50 percent discount on the cost of travel on intercity lines of air, rail, river and road transport from October 1 to May 15 and once (round trip) at other times of the year. Disabled people of groups I and II and disabled children are given the right to free travel once a year to the place of treatment and back, unless more preferential conditions are established by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

These benefits apply to a person accompanying a disabled person of group I or a disabled child.

Disabled children and their accompanying persons are given the right to free travel to the place of treatment (examination) on buses on suburban and intercity intraregional routes.

Disabled people with appropriate medical conditions are provided with a car vehicles free of charge or on preferential terms. Disabled children who have reached the age of five and suffer from dysfunction of the musculoskeletal system are provided with motor vehicles under the same conditions with the right to drive these vehicles by adult family members.

Technical support and repair of vehicles and other rehabilitation equipment belonging to disabled people are carried out out of turn on preferential terms and in the manner established by the Government of the Russian Federation.

Disabled persons and parents of disabled children are compensated for expenses associated with the operation of special vehicles.\

Disabled persons who have appropriate medical indications for receiving a free vehicle, but have not received it, and also at their request, instead of receiving a vehicle, are provided with annual monetary compensation for transportation expenses.

The procedure and conditions for the provision of vehicles and payment of compensation for transportation costs are determined by the Government of the Russian Federation.

Article 31. Procedure for maintaining benefits established for disabled people

Organizations, regardless of organizational and legal forms and forms of ownership, provide disabled people with benefits in paying for medicines and sanatorium and resort treatment; on transport services, lending, acquisition, construction, receipt and maintenance of housing; for payment of utilities, services of communication institutions, trade enterprises, cultural and entertainment and sports and recreational institutions in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.

This Federal Law preserves the benefits established for disabled people by the legislation of the former USSR. The benefits provided for disabled people are preserved regardless of the type of pensions they receive.

In cases where other legal acts for disabled people provide for norms that increase the level of social protection of disabled people compared to this Federal Law, the provisions of these legal acts are applied. If a disabled person has the right to the same benefit under this Federal Law and at the same time under another legal act, the benefit is provided either under this Federal Law or under another legal act (regardless of the basis for establishing the benefit).

Article 32. Responsibility for violation of the rights of persons with disabilities. Dispute resolution

Citizens and officials guilty of violating the rights and freedoms of people with disabilities bear responsibility in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.

Disputes regarding the determination of disability, the implementation of individual rehabilitation programs for people with disabilities, the provision of specific social protection measures, as well as disputes concerning other rights and freedoms of people with disabilities are considered in court.

Chapter V. Public associations of disabled people

Article 33. The right of disabled people to create public associations

Public associations created and operating in order to protect the rights and legitimate interests of people with disabilities, providing them with equal opportunities with other citizens, are a form of social protection for people with disabilities. The state provides assistance and assistance to these public associations, including material, technical and financial. (as amended by Federal Law No. 5-FZ dated January 4, 1999) (see text in the previous edition)

Public organizations of disabled people are recognized as organizations created by disabled people and persons representing their interests, in order to protect the rights and legitimate interests of disabled people, provide them with equal opportunities with other citizens, solve problems of social integration of disabled people, among whose members are disabled people and their legal representatives (one of the parents , adoptive parents, guardian or trustee) constitute at least 80 percent, as well as unions (associations) of these organizations. (Part two was introduced by Federal Law No. 5-FZ dated January 4, 1999)

Federal executive authorities, executive authorities of constituent entities of the Russian Federation, organizations, regardless of organizational and legal forms and forms of ownership, attract authorized representatives of public associations of disabled people to prepare and make decisions affecting the interests of disabled people. Decisions made in violation of this rule may be declared invalid in court.

Public associations of disabled people may own enterprises, institutions, organizations, business partnerships and societies, buildings, structures, equipment, transport, housing, intellectual values, funds, shares, shares and securities, as well as any other property and land in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.

Article 34. Benefits provided to public associations of disabled people

The state guarantees the provision of benefits for the payment of federal taxes, fees, duties and other payments to budgets of all levels to all-Russian public associations of disabled people, their organizations, enterprises, institutions, organizations, business societies and partnerships owned by them, the authorized capital of which consists of the contribution of these public associations of disabled people.

Decisions on providing benefits to public associations of disabled people for the payment of regional and local taxes, fees, duties and other payments are made by government bodies at the appropriate level.

Decisions on providing benefits for the payment of federal taxes, fees, duties and other payments to regional and local public associations of people with disabilities can be made by government bodies at the appropriate level within the limits of amounts credited in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation to their budgets.

Preparation and adoption of decisions on the provision of these benefits is carried out with the mandatory participation of public associations of disabled people.

Chapter VI. Final provisions

Article 35. Entry into force of this Federal Law

This Federal Law comes into force on the date of its official publication, with the exception of articles for which other dates of entry into force are established.

Articles 21, 22, 23 (except for part one), 24 (except for paragraph 2 of part two) of this Federal Law come into force on July 1, 1995; Articles 11 and 17, part two of Article 18, part three of Article 19, clause 5 of part two of Article 20, part one of Article 23, clause 2 of part two of Article 24, part two of Article 25 of this Federal Law come into force on January 1, 1996; Articles 28, 29, 30 of this Federal Law come into force on January 1, 1997 in terms of expanding the benefits currently in effect.

Articles 14, 15, 16 of this Federal Law come into force during 1995 - 1999. The specific dates for the entry into force of these articles are determined by the Government of the Russian Federation.

Article 36. Effect of laws and other normative legal acts

The President of the Russian Federation and the Government of the Russian Federation should bring their regulatory legal acts into compliance with this Federal Law.

Until laws and other regulatory legal acts in force on the territory of the Russian Federation are brought into compliance with this Federal Law, laws and other regulatory legal acts are applied to the extent that does not contradict this Federal Law.

The president

Russian Federation

People with disabilities due to health conditions belong to the category of citizens who require support, and, of course, help from family and friends. But, besides this, the state also does not stand aside and helps in every possible way, providing various privileges. These primarily include social assistance for people with disabilities. Thanks to which such persons can benefit from social security in the form of material or in-kind support.

The state provides social assistance to citizens with disabilities, which includes payments, benefits, and free medicines and other services regulated by law. To do this, you must contact the social security authorities with a corresponding application.

To be able to take advantage of this kind of help from the state, you need to know what it is. Social assistance includes:

1. Social benefits. The essence of such assistance is that citizens with disabilities are provided with free Money. But the amount of such benefits may vary depending on situations and regional location. Although the law specifies the maximum amount, such payments may differ significantly for each group of disabled people.
2. Subsidies. The legislation states that such material assistance is exclusively targeted, so it can only be spent on certain purposes. It is also worth noting that the subsidy money is not issued in person, but is directly transferred to the account of the person who provides certain services for which such a privilege was received.
3. Compensation. This type of social assistance is provided to disabled people after they have spent their personal funds for certain needs. In this case, the state can only reimburse the expenses incurred with money.
4. Natural help. Often it is carried out to provide citizens with food, clothing, shoes, fuel or other household items at the discretion of local authorities. Although it is possible to receive such assistance in the form of money, this is at the request of the persons to whom such assistance is provided.

Disability categories

Group I. Citizens who have complete incapacity, namely: they cannot provide for themselves because they are unable to move, have poor orientation in their surroundings and are unable to control their behavior.

Group II. Disabled people in this group can cope independently and are able to perform vital activities, but with the help of another person.

III group. Availability of small functional disorders body that were caused by a certain disease or as a result of injury.

What types of social assistance can be

Citizens with disabilities are provided with a fairly large list of types of social assistance, including:

• provision drinking water in the absence of running water;
• fuel delivery if a person with a disability lives in a private house;
• providing assistance if necessary to resolve legal issues;
• delivery of food and medicines;
• if it is difficult for a person to get to medical institution for examination, then escort is provided;
• cleaning the house if necessary.

And many other services regulated by regulations.

But they are provided free of charge only if a person with disabilities lives alone or the average monthly family income is below the subsistence level. Under other circumstances, such services may be partially reimbursable.

Social rehabilitation services

Besides financial assistance For a person with a disability, the state provides other types of social assistance. These are such as:

1. First of all, these include the provision of technical means for rehabilitation and prosthetic and orthopedic products, but subject to the choice of inexpensive materials.
2. Disabled people, as well as disabled children, are provided with a referral for recreation or recreation free of charge or at a discount, depending on the disability group.
3. Children with disabilities are provided with education in preschool institutions with a health-improving focus. If it is impossible to move, training is provided at home.
4. Persons with disabilities due to health conditions have the right to enter higher education educational establishments out of competition, and they should also be paid an increased stipend.
5. Disabled people of group 1, as well as non-working disabled people of group 2, can receive free medications prescribed by their attending physician.
6. For disabled people of group 2, as well as the third, medications from the designated list may be available at a 50% discount.
7. Assistance in finding employment, if this is possible due to health reasons.
8. If a disabled person is employed, he is entitled to 30 calendar days of vacation, as well as 60 days of vacation taken at his own expense.
9. For disabled people of group 1 and group 2 regulations a shortened working day is indicated, namely: no more than 35 hours per week.
10. Disabled people of group 1, as well as 2 and 3, are given the opportunity to address issues of a legal nature free of charge or with a 50% discount on legal services.
11. Also, such citizens are exempt from paying personal property tax.

Very important point It is a fact that since February 1, 2011, the legislation has changed the procedure for compensation payments relating to the acquisition of technical means for rehabilitation by citizens with disabilities. Now the state can reimburse the purchase price in full, but without providing services for its direct delivery.

What measures are being taken regarding social protection?

To improve the living conditions of persons with disabilities, measures provided by social protection authorities are also provided. These are related to:

1. Social protection is provided to disabled people and disabled children in the form of free provision of medications that are not included in the general list of medications that are prescribed by doctors or persons entitled to it.
2. Citizens with disabilities who are entitled to special transport for medical reasons out of turn are provided with space to build a garage or parking lot, which should be located in close proximity to the house. But for this you will need to obtain permission taking into account urban planning regulations.
3. Disabled people and families with disabled children who need improved living conditions are provided with housing. In such cases, a one-time subsidy is issued for the purchase of new housing.
4. Having a disability allows citizens to take advantage of such a privilege as a discount on utility bills. Depending on the disability group, a minimum 50% discount is provided, but there is also the possibility of 100% payment at the expense of the state.
5. Disabled people of the first group, as well as their legal representatives or accompanying person, are issued a special electronic transport card, where their initials are indicated. You can use it to travel on any type of urban transport, except for taxi trips.
6. According to regulatory documentation on the protection of the rights of people with disabilities, which states that such citizens can live in an alienated apartment for the rest of their lives, unless there is a fact such as a violation of housing legislation.

In case of violation of the rights of citizens with disabilities due to health conditions, the state provides protection that can be used. To do this, you should send a corresponding application to the authorities that deal with this directly. For violation of the rights of persons with disabilities, the legislation provides for material, civil, and administrative liability. In addition, depending on the nature of the offense, there is also criminal punishment indicated by the regulations of the Russian Federation.

What is needed to receive social assistance?

In order to be able to receive state social assistance, a person with a disability group must send an application to the social protection authorities. It is mandatory to:

• identification document;
• providing documentary evidence of the presence of disability;
• a document containing information about the place of registration;
• a certificate indicating the income of the person with disabilities, as well as his family members.

And other documents that relate to one or another area of ​​social support.

What is financial social assistance for disabled people?

In addition to providing services and benefits, citizens with disabilities are also paid various types of benefits. They are:

• monthly additional payment in accordance with the disability group;
• social pension;
• disability benefits.

Disability benefits are paid by the state to citizens for the period of incapacity for work. The thing is that a person with disabilities needs to undergo an examination every year to confirm and extend the group. Based on this, as well as taking into account the cost of living of such a person, the amount of the benefit is calculated. This:

• a person with a group I disability is paid 100%;
• for disability group II, the amount of benefit payments is 80%;
• for group III, benefits are accrued at the rate of 60%.

As for disabled children, monthly benefits are paid in accordance with the conclusion of a medical and social examination, which establishes the disability group until they reach eighteen years of age. Afterwards, it is necessary to undergo the examination again, based on its results the group is determined, and benefits will be paid based on this.

When the disability group changes throughout life, the amount of such payments changes accordingly.

If, according to the conclusion of a medical and social examination, the disability group is designated as permanent, then benefits are paid for such persons for life.

Nuances you need to know

When the assigned amount state aid that was installed, but not used at the appointed time without a valid reason, it must be paid for the previous period. But no more than 12 months before the application for its receipt was made. But if the amount of state assistance was not paid due to the fault of employees of the bodies authorized to do so, then it must be paid for the past without any time restrictions. In such a situation, benefits are transferred that were not used for good reason by the recipient, with compensation for late payment of the due benefit.

Refusal to receive social support from the state

A citizen with limited health status receives various benefits, allowances, payments, free medical care, and the provision of free medications issued according to a special prescription. Assistance in kind is also state social support. But if you wish, you can refuse such services and receive them in cash. That is, for example, refuse to receive goods or medicines, and simply receive the amount that is designated for each category of disabled people.

Social assistance is assigned for one calendar year, and to receive it further, a person with disabilities must again provide documents. But before this, you should undergo a special examination in order to prolong your disability and, accordingly, continue to receive such assistance from the state. The period for providing social support occurs from January 1 to December 31 of the current year, so an application for such assistance must be sent in advance at least a month before the end of the year.

But the state provides a small restriction, which is due to the fact that a person with disabilities, if several prescribed cash payments are assigned per month, will need to choose only one of them at his own discretion. Receiving benefits for many reasons at once is prohibited by law.