Orenburg Higher Aviation School. Orenburg Higher Military Aviation School, Naval Faculty. Who satisfies personnel shortages?

Until 1993, in Orenburg, on the picturesque bank of the Ural River, there was one of the oldest Air Force ah educational institutions - Orenburg Higher Military Aviation Red Banner School of Pilots named after I.S. Polbin.
The school traces its history back to the Moscow School of Air Combat and Bombing, the formation of which began by decree of the Revolutionary Military Council of the Republic No. 1951 of August 10, 1921. On August 9, 1922, she was transferred to the town of Serpukhov near Moscow. The most famous graduate of the school was V.P. Chkalov. Orenburg bore his name from 1938 to 1957.
In the period from June 20 to October 16, 1927, Serpukhovskaya graduate School air combat was relocated to Orenburg. On the long route Serpukhov-Penza-Orenburg, instructor pilots ferried the planes. For the first time in the history of aviation, the flight of a large group of aircraft was carried out without flight incidents and was enthusiastically received by Orenburg residents. The grand opening of the school took place on November 7, 1927.
On October 1, 1928, by Order of the Revolutionary Military Council No. 280, the “Leningrad Higher School of Pilot Observers” was relocated to Orenburg, which became part of the Third Military School of Pilots and Pilot Observers.
Over the past years, the school has gone through a long and glorious military path, acquired rich experience in training pilots with average, and since 1960 - with higher education. In June 1938, the 3rd VASHL was transformed into VAUL named after. K.E.Voroshilova.
In February 1939, the school was divided into two independent schools: the First Chkalov Military Aviation School of Pilots named after. K.E.Voroshilova (Sovetskaya St.) and the Second Chkalov Military Aviation School of Navigators (Chelyuskintsev St.). This division made it possible to improve the training conditions for pilots and navigators.
The school has trained tens of thousands of air fighters. It brought up many of those who glorified the Soviet Motherland with heroic deeds and enriched aviation science and technology with new discoveries and achievements.
About 350 generals, graduates of the school, commanded aviation units in various years. Thousands of pilots, navigators and other aviation specialists have served and continue to carry out military service in almost all aviation garrisons of the country.
Such prominent pilots as S.I. Gritsevets, A.K. Serov, P.F. Zhigarev, A.B. Yumashev, F.P. Polynin gained their wings at the school. Honored military pilots of the USSR L.I. Beda, S.D. Prutkov, M.S. Kobyakov studied there. Hero of the Soviet Union A.M. Antonov became an honored military navigator of the USSR. The high title of Honored Test Pilots of the USSR was awarded to A.P. Yakimov, N.I. Rusakova, K.K. Rykov, E.F. Milyutichev, V.P. Khomyakov and others. The world's first jet aircraft tester, Hero of the Soviet, graduated from the school Union of G.Ya.Bakhchivandzhi.
The students of the Orenburg Flight have increased the heroic traditions of aviation. They wrote outstanding pages in its history. These are the heroic flights of V.P. Chkalov and M.M. Gromov with their crews across the North Pole to America, this is the courage and bravery of the Orenburg pilots in air battles in the area of ​​Lake Khasan, on the Khalkhin Gol River, on the Karelian Isthmus. The names of the school's graduates are well known not only in our country. They are remembered both in Spain and Mongolia.
During the Great Patriotic War, despite great difficulties, the school successfully coped with the training of aviation personnel for the active army. With the help of the 1st Chkalov Military Aviation Pilot School in June-November 1941, the 593rd, 611th, 616th, 617th and 624th bomber aircraft were formed for the front from the flight and technical personnel and aircraft of the school. shelves. Five issues were produced over two years. A number of front-line units underwent flight training, formation and retraining. A battalion of special purpose cadets and a number of marching companies were sent to the Voronezh Front (1942). In February 1942, the School began training cadets for the Il-2 attack aircraft. More than 2,700 pilots were graduated by the end of the war. Orenburg residents demonstrated massive heroism on all fronts of the Great Patriotic War. In the battles for the honor and independence of the Motherland, 33 of them carried out aerial rams, 52 pilots repeated the feat of Nikolai Gastello. N.V. Gomanenko, I.F. Pavlov, I.S. Polbin, E.I. Pichugin are forever included in the lists of personnel of the aviation regiments. Among the students of the school there are 341 Heroes of the Soviet Union. And pilots S.I.Gritsevets, L.I.Beda, T.Ya.Begeldinov, S.D.Lugansky, V.N.Osipov, I.S.Polbin, I.F.Pavlov, A.S.Smirnov and E.P. Fedorov was awarded this title twice.
The names of the school's graduates have been assigned to many cities, villages and educational institutions, dozens of squares and streets, and hundreds of schools.
After the end of the Great Patriotic War, the school, in accordance with new conditions, restructured its work on training aviation personnel. His team successfully completed the training of pilots for the air force.
The sixties occupy a special place in the history of the school. In accordance with new requirements, in the spring of 1960, the school was one of the first in the Air Force to be transformed into the Orenburg Higher Military Aviation School of Pilots (OVVAUL). To staff the school, it received personnel and educational facilities from the Orenburg School of Navigators and the Kirovobad School of Pilots (previously transferred to Orsk).
The school became one of the largest educational institutions of the Air Force. Its graduate Yu.A. Gagarin made the world's first flight into space on April 12, 1961 and laid the foundation for the profession of cosmonaut pilots. In 1960, USSR pilot-cosmonaut Hero of the Soviet Union V.V. Lebedev studied at the Orenburg Flight School. In 1969, pilot-cosmonaut Hero of the Soviet Union A.S. Viktorenko graduated from the school with honors.
On December 23, 1963, on the initiative of the Orenburg Regional Committee of the Komsomol and the Orenburg Higher Military Aviation School of Pilots, the first school of young cosmonauts in the Soviet Union was created.
Since May 1967, OVVAUL began to bear the name of a student of the school, twice Hero of the Soviet Union, Major General of Aviation Ivan Semenovich Polbin. Since 1970, naval and long-range aviation pilots have been trained here.
In 1993, the flight school was disbanded. On its basis, the Orenburg Cadet Corps was created, which not only continues the traditions of the legendary “flight school”, but also leads its own history. The first anniversary is behind us - the fifth anniversary, 649 parachute jumps, 75 independent flights on a combat aircraft. From an Air Force school, the cadet corps gradually turned into a multidisciplinary educational institution, providing initial training in flight, helicopter, aviation engineering, missile, anti-aircraft missile, and firefighting.
Since 1993, the Berlin Order of Kutuzov III degree military transport aviation regiment, withdrawn from the Baltic states, has been located on the territory of the former flight school.
On August 10, 2001, the Orenburg “letka” turned 80 years old. During this time, about 32 thousand pilots, navigators and ground specialists were trained and educated there. Many of them (some with gray hair) fulfilled their promise and came to Orenburg on the anniversary of their school.

Names of flight school:

• August 10, 1921 - Moscow School of Air Combat and Bombing
• August 9, 1922 - Serpukhov Aviation School of Aerial Shooting and Bombing
• March 1925 - Serpukhov Higher Military Aviation School of Air Combat
• autumn 1928 - Third military school of pilots and pilot observers
• June 1938 - Military Aviation School named after K.E. Voroshilov
• February 2, 1939 - First Chkalov Military Aviation School named after K.E. Voroshilov
• February 2, 1939 - Second Chkalov Military Aviation School of Navigators
• January 15, 1941 - First Chkalov Military Aviation Pilot School named after K.E. Voroshilov
• October 1, 1945 - First Chkalov Military Aviation School named after K.E. Voroshilov
• 1957 - First Orenburg Military Aviation School of Pilots
• spring 1960 - Orenburg Higher Military Aviation School of Pilots (OVVAUL)
• May 1967 - Orenburg Higher Military Aviation School named after I.S. Polbin

Information sources:

• Orenburg flight / I.S. Kopylov, A.N. Lazukin, G.L. Raikin, M., Voenizdat, 1976 /

Helped:

• I.S.Kopylov

Orenburg Higher Military Aviation Red Banner School of Pilots named after I. S. Polbin. The school traces its history back to the Moscow School of Air Combat and Bombing, the formation of which began on August 10, 1921. On August 9, 1922 she was transferred to the city of Serpukhov, and on June 20, 1927 she was relocated to Orenburg. The instructor pilots moved the planes along the route Serpukhov - Penza - Orenburg. In the fall of 1928, the Higher Military School of Observer Pilots was relocated from Leningrad to Orenburg, which became part of the Third Military School of Pilots and Observer Pilots. In June 1938, the 3rd VASHL was transformed into VAUL named after. K. E. Voroshilova. In February 1939, the school was divided into two independent schools: the First Chkalov Military Aviation School of Pilots named after. K.E. Voroshilova and the Second Chkalov Military Aviation School of Navigators, which made it possible to improve the training conditions for pilots and navigators. At the end of the 1940s, training at the school was carried out on Il-10 aircraft; in the first half of the 1950s, the Orenburg Aviation School received Il-28 and MiG-15 jet aircraft. In 1960 it received the status of a higher educational institution; The school received personnel and educational and material resources from the Orenburg Air Force Navigation School and the Kirovobad Pilot School (previously transferred to the city of Orsk). On December 23, 1963, on the initiative of the Orenburg Regional Committee of the Komsomol and the Orenburg Higher Military Aviation School of Pilots, the first school of young cosmonauts in the Soviet Union was created. Since May 1967, it was named after the twice Hero of the Soviet Union, General Polbin. In the orders of the Minister of Defense of the USSR and the Commander-in-Chief of the Air Force, the school was noted among the best military educational institutions in the country in 1931, 1934, 1935, 1937, 1944, 1947, 1948, 1949, 1956, 1957, 1967, 1978, 1979, 1981, 1983. On February 12, 1993, the school was disbanded. On the basis of the school, the Orenburg Cadet Corps was created - a multidisciplinary educational institution that provides initial training in flight, helicopter, aviation engineering, missile, anti-aircraft missile, and firefighting. At the same time, the Berlin Order of Kutuzov III degree military transport aviation regiment, withdrawn from the Baltic states, was located on the territory of the former flight school (its aircraft are based at the Orenburg-2 airfield). In 2013, the Orenburg prosecutor's office initiated a criminal case for failure to preserve a historical and cultural monument - the building of the Orenburg Higher Military Flight School - under Art. 243.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation (violation of the requirements for the preservation of a cultural heritage site, resulting in large-scale damage through negligence). Since 2003, the non-residential premises of the former school were transferred by local authorities to federal ownership and were under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation. Now the building houses the Space Museum, which is a branch of the Orenburg History Museum, the Orenburg Cadet Boarding School named after I. I. Neplyuev and the Orenburg Theological Seminary (part of the building was returned to the Russian Orthodox Church, since during Russian Empire it housed the diocesan school).

Until 1993, in Orenburg, on the picturesque bank of the Ural River, one of the oldest educational institutions in the Air Force was located - the Orenburg Higher Military Aviation Red Banner Pilot School named after I.S. Polbin.
The school traces its history back to the Moscow School of Air Combat and Bombing, the formation of which began by decree of the Revolutionary Military Council of the Republic No. 1951 of August 10, 1921. On August 9, 1922, she was transferred to the town of Serpukhov near Moscow. The school's most famous graduate was V.P.Chkalov . Orenburg bore his name from 1938 to 1957.
In the period from June 20 to October 16, 1927, the Serpukhov Higher Air Combat School was relocated to Orenburg. On the long route Serpukhov-Penza-Orenburg, instructor pilots ferried the planes. For the first time in the history of aviation, the flight of a large group of aircraft was carried out without flight incidents and was enthusiastically received by Orenburg residents. The grand opening of the school took place on November 7, 1927. On October 1, 1928, by Order of the Revolutionary Military Council No. 280, the “Leningrad Higher School of Pilot Observers” was relocated to Orenburg, which became part of the Third Military School of Pilots and Pilot Observers.
Over the past years, the school has gone through a long and glorious military path, acquired rich experience in training pilots with secondary, and since 1960, with higher education. In June 1938, the 3rd VASHL was transformed into VAUL named after. K.E.Voroshilova. And in February 1939 the school was divided into two independent schools: the First Chkalov Military Aviation School of Pilots named after. K.E.Voroshilova and the Second Chkalov Military Aviation School of Navigators. This division made it possible to improve the training conditions for pilots and navigators.
The school has trained tens of thousands of air fighters. It brought up many of those who glorified the Soviet Motherland with heroic deeds and enriched aviation science and technology with new discoveries and achievements.
About 350 generals, graduates of the school, commanded aviation units in various years. Thousands of pilots, navigators and other aviation specialists have served and continue to carry out military service in almost all of them. aviation garrisons of the country.
Such prominent pilots as S.I. Gritsevets, A.K. Serov, P.F. Zhigarev, A.B. Yumashev , F.P. Polynin. Honored military pilots of the USSR L.I. Beda, S.D. Prutkov, M.S. Kobyakov studied there. Hero of the Soviet Union A.M. Antonov became an honored military navigator of the USSR. The high title of Honored Test Pilots of the USSR was awarded to A.P.Yakimov, N.I.Rusakova, K.K.Rykov, E.F.Milyutichev, V.P.Khomyakov etc. The world's first jet aircraft tester, Hero of the Soviet Union, graduated from college G.Ya.Bakhchivandzhi .
The students of the Orenburg Flight have increased the heroic traditions of aviation. They wrote outstanding pages in its history. These are the heroic flights of V.P. Chkalov and M.M. Gromova with their crews through the North Pole to America, this is the courage and bravery of the Orenburg pilots in air battles in the area of ​​Lake Khasan, on the Khalkhin Gol River, on the Karelian Isthmus. The names of the school's graduates are well known not only in our country. They are remembered both in Spain and Mongolia.
During the Great Patriotic War, despite great difficulties, the school successfully trained aviation personnel for the active army. Orenburg residents demonstrated massive heroism on all fronts of the Great Patriotic War. In the battles for the honor and independence of the Motherland, 33 of them carried out aerial rams, 52 pilots repeated the feat of Nikolai Gastello. N.V. Gomanenko, I.F. Pavlov, I.S. Polbin, E.I. Pichugin are forever included in the lists of personnel of the aviation regiments. Among the students of the school there are 341 Heroes of the Soviet Union. And pilots S.I.Gritsevets, L.I.Beda, T.Ya.Begeldinov, S.D.Lugansky, V.N.Osipov, I.S.Polbin, I.F.Pavlov, A.S.Smirnov and E.P. Fedorov was awarded this title twice.
The names of the school's graduates have been assigned to many cities, villages and educational institutions, dozens of squares and streets, and hundreds of schools.
After the end of the Great Patriotic War, the school, in accordance with new conditions, restructured its work on training aviation personnel. His team successfully completed the training of pilots for the air force.
The sixties occupy a special place in the history of the school. In accordance with new requirements, in the spring of 1960, the school was one of the first in the Air Force to be transformed into the Orenburg Higher Military Aviation School of Pilots (OVVAUL). To staff the school, it received personnel and educational facilities from the Orenburg School of Navigators and the Kirovobad School of Pilots (previously transferred to Orsk).
The school became one of the largest educational institutions of the Air Force. Its graduate Yu.A. Gagarin made the world's first flight into space on April 12, 1961 and laid the foundation for the profession of cosmonaut pilots. In 1960, USSR pilot-cosmonaut Hero of the Soviet Union V.V. Lebedev studied at the Orenburg Flight School. In 1969, pilot-cosmonaut Hero of the Soviet Union graduated from the school with honors. A.S. Viktorenko .
On December 23, 1963, on the initiative of the Orenburg Regional Committee of the Komsomol and the Orenburg Higher Military Aviation School of Pilots, the first school of young cosmonauts in the Soviet Union was created.

Since May 1967, OVVAUL began to bear the name of a student of the school, twice Hero of the Soviet Union, Major General of Aviation Ivan Semenovich Polbin. Since 1970, naval and long-range aviation pilots have been trained here.

In 1993, the flight school was disbanded. On its basis, the Orenburg Cadet Corps was created, which not only continues the traditions of the legendary “flight school”, but also leads its own history. The first anniversary is behind us - the fifth anniversary, 649 parachute jumps, 75 independent flights on a combat aircraft. From an Air Force school, the cadet corps gradually turned into a multidisciplinary educational institution, providing initial training in flight, helicopter, aviation engineering, missile, anti-aircraft missile, and firefighting.
Since 1993, the Berlin Order of Kutuzov, III degree, military transport has been located on the territory of the former flight school

Nowadays they often talk about the collapse of industry that we received after the Soviet Union ceased to exist. But no less terrible and sad are the consequences of the closure of military schools. Orenburg Higher Military Aviation Red Banner Pilot School named after I.S. Polbina is one of those who fell under the tragic distribution of short-sightedness, stupidity and economy. Of the 7 military schools, 5 were closed - it turned out to be a painfully expensive pleasure to train great pilots capable of piloting all particularly complex flying equipment - from the helm of an airplane to a rocket, because the first cosmonaut Yuri Alekseevich Gagarin was a graduate of this school.

You can also remember the Grasshopper and his friends in the film Only Old Men Go to Battle - an accelerated release of the Orenburg tap hole.

I've been very lucky in my life. My dad is a military pilot, and I owe my existence on earth to the OVVAKUL named after Polbin, where my dad came to fulfill his dream of the sky from Samarkand and where he met my mother. My sister owes her existence to him - her dad came to enroll here from Novokuznetsk, found a friend, my dad, for life, whose sister he married! And also many other already matured children who received a unique chance in life - a decent, responsible, intelligent, reliable, loving father - a graduate of the Orenburg Flight School.

Serious entrance exams, 4 years of training in the most difficult task - flying airplanes. The most severe discipline highest level teachers and a ticket to a dangerous profession - all this was provided by the Orenburg Flight School named after Polbin. And also reliable friendship for life. Dad has three of them, especially close ones. And besides them, there are many more truly reliable fellow students. Offhand, from material, but important examples - the device of a demobilized dad on Good work in Orenburg and assistance in buying good cars in Novosibirsk. And all this is easy, because we studied together for 4 years and became comrades.

Graduates of the training camp served in garrisons throughout the country, and we served in the Far East. It is no coincidence that I say we - the whole family served. Service is both dangerous and difficult - these words apply not only to law enforcement officers. The Orenburg summer school released its cadets to where the words Duty are. Honor. Homeland was not an empty phrase.

After four years of flight school, where the level of education was incredibly high, those who got into heavy aircraft spent the same amount of time mastering this complex technique. And how to finish studying, and how to relearn. The reasons for one of the crashed planes were a complex of underestimated problems: little time for retraining from the captain of the ship, only 5 hours of flights and a pilot in charge, and his own insufficient physical parameters - a heavy plane required a powerful pilot. Remember the tragedy of Yaroslavl Lokomotiv? Wrong actions of good pilots who did not have time to retrain for another aircraft.

Only now am I beginning to realize the fragility of that family, that peaceful life, the value of those chocolates and juices in metal jars that were taken for granted. Strategic reconnaissance in the Pacific and Indian Oceans (Far Eastern garrisons) - that’s what my dad did with his fellow students and other graduates of the Orenburg Flight School, as well as other military schools. For the 9 years that I lived on Far East, in a regiment of 24 aircraft they lost 4. They didn’t talk about this then. The reasons were different, out of 4 three - in the Pacific Ocean - no sound, no trace - nothing. At that time, Soviet planes “did not fall.”

Now Russia does not have strategic reconnaissance on heavy aircraft like the Tu 95. NOT AT ALL. And only Shoigu was the first to speak again about this important area of ​​the country’s defense capability - our enemies have not gone away, unfortunately - instead of Letka there is now a Diocese and a cadet corps. But what will be used to form the corps of reconnaissance pilots capable of flying heavy aircraft is unclear.

It’s been 21 years since there has been an Orenburg entrance. There is no school of duty, patriotism, reliability, decency, friendship. There is no school for great pilots. How much we have lost!