Unexplained facts in the world. Mysterious facts that scientists are unable to explain. Reports of bright flashes during earthquakes

TOP 10 amazing and inexplicable facts! WOW signal

On August 15, 1977, Jerry Ehman received a radio signal from space, the origin of which everyone considered to be potentially neither “unearthly” nor “non-solar.” Surprised by how well the signal matched the supposed cosmic signal mark, Yeiman circled it on a computer printout and wrote his comment: “Wow!” It was this statement by Yeiman that became the name of the signal.

Strange flight of the Pioneer 10 and 11 ships

The Pioneer 10 and 11 space research stations (launched in 1972 and 1973) have long since completed their missions around the solar system, but scientists still pay special attention to them. Although Pioneer 11 was completely lost, both research stations unexpectedly (and inexplicably) changed the direction of their flights. However, the mysteries do not end there: it seems that both ships were heading in the same direction.

Puzzled scientists gave a huge variety of assumptions about this: computer errors, solar winds, fuel leaks. However, this all remained only at the level of assumptions; nothing has been proven.

Female orgasm

Some scientists believe that the female orgasm is a vestigial concept, that is, it has no obvious evolutionary function. In their opinion, female orgasm does not in any way contribute to increasing the chances of fertilization. Other researchers argue that this opinion is false because the psychosocial aspects of a woman's orgasm were not taken into account.

Dark energy

Most physicists were once confident that the expansion of the universe was gradually decreasing. But already in 1998 it became clear that this was not so. On the contrary, our universe continues to expand. An explanation for this could be a phenomenon called dark energy, which supposedly makes up 3 quarters of our universe.

The general consensus is that dark energy rarely travels, but rather interacts with other objects through gravity. Dark energy has a negative pressure that causes it to literally tear the universe apart. This is what explains the constant expansion of the universe.

Speed ​​of light

According to Einstein's theory of relativity, nothing is faster than the speed of light. Well, scientists had to try to do the impossible, and they succeeded. In 2000, Princeton University scientists sent a small laser pulse through vapor generated from cesium gas. The researchers achieved their goal: the laser pulse moved through the vapor space faster than light.

Placebo effect

A placebo is a pill or medical drug, which is essentially a drug but does not actually contain any active ingredients and therefore has no effect on the person taking the placebo. This mysterious phenomenon is called the placebo effect. How our psyche can affect health is still not completely clear to science, but scientists are working hard on this and, perhaps, soon the veil of secrecy will be lifted.

Cold fusion

When atoms collide with sufficient force, they can join together. Along with this merger, a huge amount of energy is released. All kinds of scientific theories tell us that this can only happen in an environment with incredibly strong energy, for example, in the solar core.

However, scientific experiments have proven that this can be achieved in a real situation. If you conduct an electrical voltage between palladium electrodes in water that contains deuterium and heavy hydrogen, an incredible phenomenon will happen before your eyes.

Yawn

Yawning is usually perceived as a sign of fatigue or melancholy, but no one will deny the fact that a person yawns not only when he is bored or wants to sleep. Anaerobic athletes such as weightlifters or sprinters often find themselves yawning during vigorous training and competition. Yawning is also inexplicably “contagious”: if someone next to you yawns, you will certainly want to do the same.

One of the hypothesized functions of yawning is the accumulation of carbon dioxide. However, this does not explain all aspects of yawning: for example, why it is still so contagious.

Dark matter

All objects attract other objects, and the more objects an object can attract to itself, the greater its force of attraction. Everything is quite simple. However, the modern understanding of the concept of gravity does not give us an explanation of why visible objects move freely in the universe.

In order to solve this problem, modern physicists have created a special hypothetical substance - dark matter. The presence of dark matter can only be determined by the gravitational effect it has on larger objects. Dark matter is believed to make up most of the mass of the universe.

What happened BEFORE and what will happen AFTER

There are a huge number of different theories describing what will happen if our universe does come to an end. But besides that, there are a lot of different hypotheses about the origin of our world. Yes, in this case it is not at all necessary to be a specialist in quantum mechanics in order to say that any of these theories cannot be verified for truthfulness.

Some questions are simply impossible to answer. Where does a person go after death? What is the goal human life? These questions are still for a long time will not give rest to the curious mind of man.

In the Sahara Desert in Egypt lie the oldest known astronomically aligned stones in the world: Nabta. A thousand years before the creation of Stonehenge, people built a stone circle and other structures on the shore of a lake that had long since dried up. More than 6,000 years ago, three-meter-tall stone slabs were dragged for more than a kilometer to create this site. The stones depicted are only part of the entire complex that has survived. Although the Western Egyptian Desert is currently completely dry, it was not so in the past. There is good evidence that there have been several wet cycles in the past (with up to 500mm of rainfall per year). The most recent one dates back to the interglacial period and the start of the last glaciation, which was approximately 130,000 to 70,000 years ago. During this period, the area was a savannah and supported numerous animals such as the extinct bison and large giraffes, antelopes of various species and gazelles. Beginning around the 10th millennium BC, this area of ​​the Nubian Desert began to receive more rainfall, filling the lakes. Early people may have been attracted to the region by its sources drinking water. Archaeological finds may indicate that human activity in the area is known from at least somewhere between the 10th and 8th millennium BC.

Chinese line mosaic.

These strange lines are located at the coordinates: 40°27"28.56"N, 93°23"34.42"E. There is not much information available about this "oddity", but a beautiful mosaic of lines does exist, it carved in the desert of Gansu Sheng Province in China. Some records indicate that the "lines" were created in 2004, but nothing officially confirming this assumption seems to have been found. It should be noted that these lines are located near Mogao Cave, which is a World Heritage Site. The lines stretch for a very long distance, and at the same time maintain their proportions, despite the curvature of the rough terrain.

Inexplicable stone doll.

In July 1889, a small human figure was found during a well drilling operation in Boise, Idaho. The find has generated intense scientific interest in the last century. Unmistakably man-made, the “doll” was discovered at a depth of 320 feet, placing it at a time long before the arrival of man in this part of the world. The find has never been disputed, but it has only been said that such a thing is, in principle, impossible.

Iron bolt, 300 million years old.

It was found almost by accident. The expedition of the MAI-Cosmopoisk Center was searching for meteorite fragments in the south of the Kaluga region, in Russia. Dmitry Kurkov decided to examine a seemingly ordinary piece of stone. What he found can change our understanding of earthly and cosmic history. When the dirt was wiped off the stone, on its chip one could clearly see... a bolt that had somehow gotten inside! About a centimeter long. How did he end up there? The bolt with a nut at the end (or - what this thing also looked like - a coil with a rod and two disks) sat tightly. This means that he got inside the stone back in the days when it was only sedimentary rock, bottom clay.

Ancient rocket ship.

This ancient cave painting from Japan dates back to more than 5000 BC.

Moving stones.

No one, not even NASA, has been able to explain this yet. The best thing to do is just watch and marvel at the moving stones in this dry lake in National Park Death Valley. The bottom of Racetrack Playa Lake is almost flat, 2.5 km from north to south and 1.25 km from east to west, and is covered with cracked mud. The stones move slowly along the clayey bottom of the lake, as evidenced by the long tracks left behind them. The stones move independently without the help of others, but no one has ever seen or recorded the movement on camera. Similar movements of stones have been recorded in several other places. However, in terms of the number and length of tracks, the dried-up lake Racetrack Playa is unique.

Electricity in the pyramids.

Teotihuacan, Mexico. Large sheets of mica are found embedded in the walls of this ancient Mexican city. The closest place is a quarry where mica is mined, located in Brazil, thousands of kilometers away. Mica is currently used in energy production technology. In this regard, the question arises as to why builders used this mineral in the buildings of their city. Did these ancient architects know some long-forgotten energy sources to use electricity in their cities?

Dog Death

Dog suicide on Overtown Bridge, near Milton, Dumbarton, Scotland. Built in 1859, the Overtown Bridge became famous for a number of unexplained cases in which dogs apparently committed suicide by jumping from it. These incidents were first reported in the 1950s or 1960s, when dogs—usually the long-nosed species, like collies—were observed to quickly and unexpectedly jump from a bridge and fall fifty feet to their death.

Fossil giants

The fossilized Irish giants were discovered in 1895 and measure over 12 feet (3.6 m) tall. The giants were discovered during mining operations in Antrim, Ireland. This image is from the British Strand magazine, December 1895. “Height 12 feet 2 inches, chest 6 feet 6 inches, arm length 4 feet 6 inches. There are six toes on the right foot." The six fingers and toes are reminiscent of some characters from the Bible, where six-fingered giants are described.

Pyramids of Atlantis?

Scientists continue to explore the ruins of megaliths in the so-called Yucatan Canal in the Cuban region. They have been found for many miles along the coast. American archaeologists who discovered this place immediately announced that they had found Atlantis (not for the first time in the history of underwater archaeology). Now the place is sometimes visited by scuba divers to admire the majestic underwater structures. All other interested parties can only enjoy the filming and computer reconstruction of a city buried under water, thousands of years old.

Giants in Nevada

A Nevada Indian legend about 12 foot red giants that lived in the area when they arrived. According to American Indian history, the giants were killed in a cave. During excavations in 1911, this human jaw was discovered. This is what an artificial human jaw looks like next to it. In 1931, two skeletons were found at the bottom of the lake. One of them was 8 feet (2.4 m) high, the other was just under 10 (3 m.).

Inexplicable wedge

This aluminum wedge was found in Romania in 1974, on the banks of the Mures River, near the city of Ayud. It was found at a depth of 11 meters, next to the bones of Mastodon - a giant, elephant-like, extinct animal. The find itself is very reminiscent of the head of a huge hammer. At the archaeological institute of Cluj-Napoca, where the artifact was supposedly sent, it was determined that the metal from which this wedge is made is an aluminum alloy coated with a thick layer of oxide. The alloy contained 12 different elements, and the find was classified as strange, since aluminum was discovered only in 1808, and the age of this artifact, given its presence in the layer along with the remains of an extinct animal, is determined to be approximately 11 thousand years.

"Loladoff's Plate"

The "Loladoff Plate" is a 12,000-year-old stone dish found in Nepal. It seems that Egypt is not the only place visited by aliens in ancient times. This is clearly demonstrated by the disk-shaped UFO. There is also a drawing on the disk. The character bears a striking resemblance to the aliens known as the Greys.

Pure iron alloy hammer

A puzzling mystery for science is... an ordinary-looking hammer. The metal part of the hammer is 15 centimeters long and about 3 centimeters in diameter. It literally grew into limestone about 140 million years old, and is stored together with a piece of rock. This miracle caught the eye of Mrs. Emma Khan in June 1934 in the rocks near the American town of London, in the state of Texas. The experts who examined the find came to a unanimous conclusion: a hoax. However, further research conducted by various scientific institutions, including the famous Battelle laboratory (USA), showed that everything is much more complicated. Firstly, the wooden handle on which the hammer is mounted has already petrified on the outside, and on the inside has completely turned into coal. This means that its age is also calculated in millions of years. Secondly, specialists from the Metallurgical Institute in Columbus (Ohio) were amazed chemical composition the hammer itself: 96.6% iron, 2.6% chlorine and 0.74% sulfur. No other impurities could be identified. Such pure iron has never been obtained in the entire history of earthly metallurgy. Not a single bubble was found in the metal. The quality of iron, even by modern standards, is exceptionally high and raises many questions, since the content of metals used in the metallurgical industry in the production of different types of steel (such as e.g. manganese, cobalt, nickel, tungsten, vanadium or molybdenum). There are also no foreign impurities, and the percentage of chlorine is unusually high. It is also surprising that no traces of carbon were found in iron, whereas in iron ore Earth's deposits always contain carbon and other impurities. Generally speaking, from a modern point of view, it is not of high quality. But here's a detail: the iron of the "Texas hammer" does not rust! When a piece of rock with an embedded tool was chipped away from the rock in 1934, the metal was severely scratched in one place. And over the past sixty-odd years, not the slightest sign of corrosion has appeared on the scratch... According to Dr. K.E. Buff, director of the Museum of Fossil Antiquities, where this hammer is kept, the find comes from the Early Cretaceous period - from 140 to 65 million years ago. According to the current state of scientific knowledge, humanity learned to make such tools only 10 thousand years ago. Dr. Hans-Joachim Zillmer from Germany, who studied the mysterious find in detail, concludes: “This hammer was made using a technology unknown to us.”

Highest stone processing technologies

The second group of finds that pose mysteries for scientists consists of artifacts created after the currently accepted time of the appearance of man on Earth. But the technologies that were used to create them became known to us relatively recently or are still unknown. The most famous find of this group is a crystal skull found in 1927 in Belize during excavations of the Mayan city of Lubaantum. The skull is carved from a piece of pure quartz and measures 12x18x12 centimeters. In 1970, the skull was analyzed in the Hewlett-Packard laboratory. The results were stunning. The skull was created without respecting the natural crystal axis, which is impossible in modern crystallography. No metal tools were used when working on the skull. According to restorers, the quartz was first cut with a diamond chisel, after which silica crystalline sand was used for more thorough processing. About three hundred years were spent working on the skull, which can be perceived as an incredible example of patience or recognize the use of unknown to us high technology. One of the Hewlett-Packard experts said that creating a crystal skull is not a matter of skill, patience and time, but that it is simply impossible.

Fossil nail

However, most often in the rock they find objects that are their own. appearance similar to nails and bolts. In the 16th century, the Viceroy of Peru kept in his office a piece of rock in which was firmly held an 18-centimeter steel nail found in a local mine. In 1869, in Nevada, a metal screw 5 centimeters long was found in a piece of feldspar recovered from great depths. Skeptics believe that the appearance of these and many other objects can be explained by natural causes: a special kind of crystallization of mineral solutions and melts, the formation of pyrite rods in the voids between crystals. But pyrite is iron sulfide, and when fractured it is yellow (which is why it is often confused with gold) and has a clearly defined cubic structure. Eyewitnesses of the finds clearly speak of iron nails, sometimes covered with rust, and pyrite formations can more likely be called gold rather than iron. There is also an assumption that the rod-shaped NIOs are the fossilized skeletons of belemnites (invertebrate marine animals that lived at the same time as dinosaurs). But the remains of belemnites are found only in sedimentary rocks and never in bedrock, such as feldspar. In addition, they have a pronounced skeletal shape, and it is impossible to confuse them with something else. It is sometimes claimed that nail-shaped NIOs are molten fragments of meteorites or fulgurites (thunderbolts) produced by a lightning strike in rocks. However, finding such a fragment or trace left millions of years ago is extremely problematic. While one can still argue about the origin of the nail-shaped NIOs, one can only shrug at some of the finds.

Ancient battery

In 1936, the German scientist Wilhelm König, who worked at the Archaeological Museum of Baghdad, was brought a strange object that was found at the excavations of an ancient Parthian settlement near the Iraqi capital. It was a small clay vase about 15 centimeters high. Inside it was a cylinder made of sheet copper, its base was covered with a cap with a seal, and on top of the cylinder was covered with a layer of resin, which also held an iron rod directed to the center of the cylinder. From all this, Dr. Koenig concluded that in front of him was an electric battery, created almost two thousand years before the discoveries of Galvani and Volta. Egyptologist Arne Eggebrecht made an exact copy of the find, poured wine vinegar into a vase and connected a measuring device that showed a voltage of 0.5 V. Presumably the ancients used electricity to apply a thin layer of gold to objects.

The Antikythera Mechanism (other spellings: Antikythera, Andythera, Antikythera, Greek: Μηχανισμός των Αντικυθήρων) is a mechanical device discovered in 1902 on a sunken ancient ship near the Greek island of Antikythera ( Greek: Αντικύθηρα). Dating back to approximately 100 BC. e. (possibly before 150 BC). Kept in the National Archaeological Museum in Athens. The mechanism contained 37 bronze gears in a wooden case, on which dials with arrows were placed and, according to reconstruction, was used to calculate the movement of celestial bodies. Other devices of similar complexity are unknown in Hellenistic culture. It uses differential gearing, which was previously thought to have been invented no earlier than the 16th century, and has a level of miniaturization and complexity comparable to 18th-century mechanical watches. The approximate dimensions of the assembled mechanism are 33x18x10 cm.

Astronaut figurines from Ecuador

Figurines of ancient astronauts found in Ecuador. Age > 2000 years. In fact, there is a lot of such evidence, if you want, read Erich Von Denikin. He has many books, one of the most famous is “Chariots of the Gods”, it contains both physical evidence and deciphering of cuneiform scripts and so on, in general it’s quite interesting. True, it is contraindicated for ardent believers to read.

Many believe that humanity is suffering from a strange species amnesia. We have certain facts about our past that tell us how long our species has been around, when we emerged from caves, acquired speech, created the first tools, and when the species with which we shared this planet became extinct. And we accept these facts as an immutable truth, despite the fact that some of them began as stories, which were later confirmed.

However, various native tribes still have beliefs that run counter to official science. And although scientists claim that these legends are only works of art folk craftsmen, every day we see how various myths are embodied in reality. For example, what do you say about stories about " big white bear"living in the highlands of China?" Fiction", people said, until a French missionary brought his skin. Bam! - the mystical animal became the familiar big panda. Then scientists say that they have records that state with one hundred percent certainty which species have become extinct, and - bam! - in 1938 they caught coelacanth in the ocean, which, according to them, disappeared from the face of the Earth as much as 66 million years ago.

15. Indus civilization

First the existence of the unknown ancient civilization in the territory of modern Pakistan was not taken seriously - rumors and rumors. And then in 1842 some archaeologist reported that he had found some ruins. This discovery was not paid attention to until 1856, when, during the construction of a railway, the remains of a hitherto unprecedented civilization were unearthed. Now, after multiple archaeological expeditions, we have learned quite a lot about the Indus civilization. Found artifacts speak of high level development of the people who lived here in 3300 BC. society.

The main difficulty faced by scientists is the impossibility of deciphering their language. Although the Harrapan writings are incomplete, scholars unanimously believe that the Harrapans had a language, and based on the available evidence, it was written. However, this is a controversial point, because it would mean that the Hindus mastered writing before anyone else who lived in this area. Also, some artifacts hint at possible application printing, and if this is confirmed, then the Indian civilization will be 1500 years ahead of the Chinese in terms of development.

14. History of the Olmecs

The mysterious Olmec people are said to have lived somewhere in what is now Mexico in 1100 BC, making them the oldest Central American civilization. Until the early 1990s, little was known about them, until a group of local residents from the city of Veracruz unearthed well-preserved stone slabs covered with ancient writing - far more ancient than anything found before. It became the greatest archaeological find. Scientists studied the inscriptions on the stone and made some amazing discoveries. Firstly, the artifact belonged to the mysterious Olmec civilization. Further, the experts concluded that the text was so well structured that it had all the hallmarks of meaningful sentences, error corrections, and even poetic lines. Moreover, the nature of the marks suggests that this tile is private." copy"of the specified text. If this is true, then there must be more different" documentation", records, trade routes or even ancient literature waiting for Columbus!

The only negative is the inability to decipher the Olmec language. It is unlike any previously discovered American writing system. Without a document like the Rosetta Stone from Egypt, it is almost impossible to understand this ancient people. For researchers, this task is similar to the study of the Indus civilization, only worse. And although the found tablet is so far the first and only document on the North American continent, experts are confident that the Olmecs could write complex stories, detailed reports and even a religious calendar with detailed description traditions. We have yet to find out what happened to this civilization after 300 BC, and this may be one of the greatest historical discoveries of the near future. It is worth noting that the Olmecs are included in the ranking of 10 mystically vanished civilizations.

Probably almost everyone has heard the legend of King Arthur - the knight who pulled a sword from a stone that no one else could lift. Some desperate romantics believe that Arthur is a real person, and based on knowledge, we cannot completely deny this. It is known for certain that in life there really is a sword in the stone - maybe it became the source of inspiration for the legend?

The real sword was found in the chapel of Monte Siepi in the Abbey of San Galgaro, located in Tuscany, Italy. The story goes that Saint Galgano Guidotti began his life as an evil and cruel knight. In 1180 he met the Archangel Michael, who told Guidotti to give up his sinful life and follow the path of God. At first he refused, but then he passed through Monte Siepi - then just a rocky hill. A voice from heaven called to him, saying that now is the time to change. The knight replied that it was the same as " cut the rock with a sword".

And to show the impossibility of the request, he plunged his sword into the stone. And instead of breaking, the blade entered the cobblestone. Not believing what had happened, he fell to his knees and began to pray at this very stone as at the altar from now on. About a year later, Galgano died and was canonized in 1185 by Pope Lucius III. The church was built around that very sword in stone. True, it is now covered with a durable plastic case so that no one would try to become the king of England.

One of the most controversial artifacts is the Sealand skull. It was found in 2007 in Elstykke, Denmark, while replacing pipes. At first no one looks at him special attention didn’t pay attention, but later, in 2010, he was examined at the Veterinary College of Denmark and... The researchers could not determine whose he was, since he did not match anyone known to science mind. This skull has raised many questions that scientists cannot answer, but some of them are trying to answer. full information about the existing artifact. Paleontologists believe that this is the skull of some kind of mammal, possibly a horse, however, a more detailed study showed that the owner of the skull does not fit the Linnaean taxonomy. Radiocarbon dating carried out at Niels Bohr University in Copenhagen showed that the unknown specimen lived sometime between 1200 and 1280 BC.

Further excavations at the site of the find, unfortunately, did not yield anything interesting. It's a pity, because the skull is quite interesting looking : Compared to the human skull, it has many noticeable differences. For example, the eye sockets of the Sealand specimen are much larger, deep and rounded and extend more to the sides. In humans, the eyes are set in the center. His nostrils, like his chin, are narrow, but overall the skull is larger than the average human. The surface of the skull is smooth, which scientists see as a survival device. low temperatures. Based on size eyeballs, scientists believe that the Sealand specimen was nocturnal. But what kind of creature is this? Alien? Or some previously unknown subspecies of people? We must hope for the results of future studies.

11. The German submarine UB-85 was sunk by a sea monster

During the First World War, there was a story about a German submarine, which, according to legend, was attacked by a sea monster, which is why it could no longer go to depth. We are talking about the submarine UB-85 and its commander Günter Krech. In April 1918, a British patrol ship approached a submarine that was on the surface. The Germans immediately surrendered. The ship's captain, Günther Krech, was interrogated and spoke about this strange incident.

At night, the submarine surfaced to charge its batteries. And suddenly she was attacked by a strange creature, which, according to Krekh, had a small head and fangs that glistened in the moonlight. The huge monster tried to tilt the ship, but the crew managed to scare it off with rifle and machine-gun fire and prevent further damage. Actually, this is why the Germans were unable to go deeper and escape from the patrol vessel. As a result, various reports stated that the submarine either sank or was destroyed by a British patrol.

The submarine and its history have become part of sea legends. It was believed that such a ship did not exist until a Scottish cable-laying contractor found something similar to the legendary UB-85 in the North Sea in October this year while laying a power cable. Acoustics showed that the ship did not receive serious damage. It is planned to conduct further research to find out what happened to the submarine. Could she really have been attacked by a sea monster?

Another controversial artifact is the Manx penny. This coin was found on August 18, 1957 in an archaeological quarry while researching American Indian culture near Brooklyn, Maine. As many as 30,000 magnificent artifacts have been discovered, but especially notable among them is one that does not belong to Native American culture - the Manx penny. Some researchers consider it a fake, others - evidence that Europeans came to this continent in pre-Columbian times.

Scientists argue about the origin of this coin. It was definitely not made by the American Indians, and some even believed that it was brought over from England in the 12th century. Later studies claim that the artifact is of Scandinavian origin and was made in the 11th century. The University of Oslo confirmed that similar coins were in circulation in Norway in 1060-1080 BC. Now the Manx penny has ended up in the National Museum of Maine, whose authorities remain silent and cannot officially confirm either the origin or even the authenticity of the artifact. This unusual find will torture the minds of scientists for a long time - how many are there still and how did they get here?

Historians claim that the first human civilizations began building villages, farming and temples only in 8000 BC, but is this really true? This surprising discovery challenges established views on anthropogenesis. The discovery took place in 1994 in the rural area of ​​Göbekli Tepe in Turkey. At the top of the mountain range there are more than 200 large stone pillars up to 18 meters high and weighing about 20 tons each. They are arranged in a series of twelve rings with images of various animals. The find is dated 12,000 BC. Yes, this Turkish altar is thousands of years older than Stonehenge! It may even be the oldest place of worship in the world.

Various evidence indicates that the site was built by ancient nomadic hunter-gatherers who had not yet mastered agriculture. Modern science believes that at this level of development, people still knew nothing about complex symbolic systems, social hierarchy and division of labor - necessary prerequisites for the construction of this gigantic temple with an area of ​​\u200b\u200b89,000 m2. Religion would have been expected to emerge after humans transitioned from hunting and gathering to agriculture and animal husbandry, but this find may suggest otherwise.

Thus, the question arises - maybe the need for construction was the reason why people settled down, began to build communities and began to look for a constant source of food, which is how they invented agriculture? If so, how did the ancient nomads do it? How did they manage to do this thousands of years before anyone else? And finally, what kind of people are these and where have they gone? Archaeologists cannot yet give an answer.

8. Did people live side by side with dinosaurs?

Dinosaurs went extinct about 65 million years ago, millions of years before humans first appeared. And in this case, it is very strange that scientists find artifacts with amazingly accurate images of dinosaurs, as if painted from life. Example? Built in the 12th century, the Angkor Wat temple in Cambodia. On one of the walls is carved a detailed image of a stegosaurus, despite the fact that the first recorded fossil remains of these reptiles were found only in the early 19th century. And how did ancient artists manage to depict extinct lizards so reliably?

Another example that baffles archaeologists is the stones from the city of Ica. According to the documents, they were found in Peru, in a cave near the above-mentioned town. Peruvian archaeologist Professor Javier Cabrera received these mysterious artifacts in 1961 as a gift. Taking a closer look at the stone, he discovered an image of an ancient fish that had gone extinct millions of years ago, according to official sources. The discovery amazed the professor so much that he decided to find out more about it. The drawing was made on a piece of andesite - a dark gray/black volcanic rock, very durable and difficult to work, especially with primitive tools of antiquity.

Fossils found in the same area confirm that the recovered artifacts are millions of years old. Professor Carbera collected several hundred stones from caves in Ica and found on some of them images of living brachiosaurs, tyrannosaurs and triceratops, and on another - a predatory dinosaur devouring an ancient aborigine. Radiocarbon dating is not the most accurate method, because sometimes dinosaur fossils are too old to extract any information from them... So maybe people really found ancient dinosaurs, as these artifacts say?

Many different publications rang about the Crimean pyramids found in 1999 by Vitaly Gokh, who retired from the Soviet Army thirty years ago. Having retired to the reserve, he began research activities, which led him to the Crimean peninsula, where an amazing discovery occurred. Goh suggested that if there are flooded villages in the Black Sea, then there must be other ancient buildings. But the region is simply a storehouse of archaeological treasures of various cultures - ancient Greek, Roman, Ottoman and others.

Being an engineer by profession, he knew how to use instruments operating on the principle of magnetic resonance, and decided to test his hypothesis. And it was confirmed. Goh found an area of ​​seven limestone-built pyramids located along the southern shore of the peninsula. The largest of them was 45 meters high with a base length of 72 meters and had a truncated top, like the Mayan pyramids. And all seven buildings form a straight line running from northwest to southeast. Goh claims that there may be as many as 39 pyramids underwater.

In his opinion, these are the most ancient structures on Earth, built back in the era of dinosaurs. However, before rewriting history, many more excavations and studies of various documents will have to be done - most scientists believe that Goh’s hypothesis has nothing to do with reality, and his find may be much younger. Fortunately, a Russian researcher is already looking for funding for further development of the pyramids found.

Well... Strictly speaking, the Salzburg Cube is not a cube at all, which is why it is sometimes called the Wolfsegg Iron Nugget. This interesting artifact was found in 1885 near Wolfsegg am Hausruck in Austria. They say that this interesting egg-shaped object was found by a miner while extracting coal for a steel foundry. The find was covered with potholes and a deep groove surrounding it, had sharp edges and weighed about 800 grams with dimensions of 6.6 x 6.6 x 4.7 cm. Chemical analysis showed that " egg"consists of alloy steel with the addition of nickel and carbon, and the absence of sulfur showed that it is not pyrite. By all indications, it was a man-made product, machined from a single piece of iron. And everything would have been fine, but the artifact was found in coal deposits 20 years old -60 million years. That's the problem!

And how could such an intricately decorated piece of iron appear millions of years before the official appearance of people? Scientists have been struggling with this mystery for more than a hundred years. Some scientists believe that the artifact is a fake, others that it is a gift from guests from outer space, and others claim that it is a meteorite. For many years, the Salzburg Cube moved from one research center to another, but now this mysterious object is located in Austria, in the Regional Museum of the city of Voecklabruck.

5. Who is this “Abominable Snowman”?

"Abominable Snowman", or Yeti, is Bigfoot's colder brother. He is also the most unsolvable cryptozoological mystery. Many witnesses, large footprints and blurry video footage have led people to think that something is going on in the Himalayas. And, it seems, one British geneticist even knows What. The researcher's name is Dr. Brian Sykes, and he is a professor of genetics at the University of Oxford. In 2013, he completed the decoding of DNA samples believed to belong to the Yeti. In particular, one of the hairs was found in the western Himalayan region called Ladakh, and the other - from the state of Bhutan, which is approximately 860 km from there.

The Ladakh sample was taken from the mummified remains of an unknown creature killed forty years ago by a local hunter. The second hair is a single hair found 10 years ago in a Bhutanese bamboo forest during the filming of a documentary. Professor Sykes compared the DNA samples with those stored in a worldwide repository of genetic samples from various creatures - including extinct ones - GenBank. The researcher thought that here he could find similar samples. And the result amazed and greatly puzzled him.

The scans showed that both samples matched the DNA of an ancient polar bear whose jawbone was found in Norway. The age of the bone is approximately 40-120 thousand years. Sykes says this is precisely the period when polar and brown bears became two different types. Perhaps the Yeti is a subspecies of brown bears descended from a polar ancestor! Really" abominable snowman"Finally identified? Dr. Sykes is confident that both hair samples from different parts of the Himalayas belong to the same animal. To confirm that it is the source of the legends about Bigfoot, we will need additional research and expeditions.

4. Where did the Egyptians get cocaine from?

Not wanting to risk my reputation because of " cocaine discoveries", the scientists commissioned an independent laboratory to conduct the same tests on several mummies. The results were confirmed: the mummies were simply stuffed with cocaine and tobacco. And German scientists began to study more and more mummies, and found traces of tobacco in almost a third of them, and inside the mummy of Ramses II (the same one known from the biblical story " Exodus", about Moses and the Ten Commandments) there were tobacco leaves and a petrified tobacco beetle! And this is not a joke. It seems that Ramses II was a heavy smoker. But where did the ancient Egyptians get such substances? After all, there are no records of the Egyptians traveling to unknown distances, and There is also evidence of the use of these drugs, and it seems that scientists will not solve this puzzle any time soon.

3. "Giant Code"

Codex Gigas what's with Latin language translated as " Giant book" - no more - the largest ancient manuscript in the world. According to historians, the book was written in the 13th century in a Benedictine monastery in the Czech city of Podlazice, then during the Thirty Years' War in 1648 it was captured by the Swedish army and is now in the National Library of Sweden in Stockholm This tome was made from more than 160 animal skins and can be lifted by two people.

The book contains full text The Vulgate, the generally accepted Latin translation of the Bible by Blessed Jerome of Stridon, as well as many other works in Latin, including " Jewish antiquities"Josephus, a collection of works of Hippocrates on medicine, " Czech Chronicle"Kozma of Prague," Beginnings"Isidore of Seville. In addition, there were texts for exorcism rituals, magical formulas and descriptions of the Kingdom of the Lord. And of course, a full-size image of Satan, because of which the book was called" Devil's Bible".

Legend has it that the monk who wrote this book made a deal with the Devil after he was sentenced to be embedded in a wall alive. Thanks to Satan, who left his portrait on the pages of the Bible, the monk managed to finish the book in one night. Researchers who examined the book concluded that the writing in the book was quite uniform and clear, as if the book had really been written in a very long time. a short time. However, this is impossible, because you would have to write continuously for five whole years in a row. Scientists generally believe that this code required over thirty years of work on it. However, we must remember that some monks could receive punishment in the form of copying sacred texts. The skill and perseverance with which this was done cannot be seen now... Or maybe here it really is devilry involved?

2. Bosnian Pyramid of the Sun

The discovery of pyramids in Bosnia could become the greatest archaeological discovery in Europe. According to the statements of Dr. Semir Osmanagic, head. Department of Anthropology at the American University in Bosnia and Herzegovina, the discovered pyramid may be the oldest man-made object on Earth (however, this title may also go to the Crimean pyramids). Dr. Osmanagic discovered it back in 2005, when he was passing through the city of Visoko. The mysterious hill stood out from the surrounding landscape, which attracted the attention of the anthropologist.

The structure is called the Pyramid of the Sun and Moon and its height is 220 meters, which is much higher than the Pyramid of Cheops in Giza. And the most amazing thing about the Bosnian pyramid is that it is directed north with an error of only 12 arc seconds. Too precise to be a mere coincidence, since the Great Pyramid of Giza has exactly the same exact location. The Cheops Pyramid is located at the intersection of the longest parallel and the longest meridian, that is, exactly above the center of mass of the Earth. Moreover, the edges of its base are located exactly along the cardinal points. The location is too precise to go unnoticed. And then suddenly there is a similar pyramid. How did this happen? Was there really a connection between two ancient civilizations? It will take years to answer a question that may change official science forever.

1. "Big Bowl"

Fuente Magna, a large stone vessel similar to a tub or bowl, was found in 1958 by an unknown farmer near Lake Titicaca in Bolivia. The artifact was subsequently sent to the La Paz Museum of Precious Metals, where it remained for almost forty years until two researchers tried to study it. The vessel has beautiful engravings of animals and inscriptions in Sumerian cuneiform. And this raised many questions. How could an artifact with Sumerian cuneiform writing end up in the Andes, since there are thousands of kilometers between them? Archaeologists are trying to decipher ancient writings, but they have no idea what type of cuneiform was used.

Ancient cuneiform specialist, Dr. Clyde Winters, argues that the bowl may be of ancient Sumerian origin and is similar to artifacts found in Mesopotamia. He also notes that a similar cuneiform script was used 5,000 years ago by the ancient peoples of the Sahara: the Dravidians, Elamites, and even the early Sumerians. All of these civilizations formed in Central Africa before desertification began in 3500 BC. Dr. Winters translated some of the writings, and their meaning surprised many.

The bowl was a ritual libation vessel in the name of Ni-Ash, the Sumerian goddess of fertility. Niya is a Sumerian transcription of the name of the Egyptian goddess Neith, who was worshiped by many peoples who formed in Libya and parts of Central Africa. The found vessel allows us to build new hypotheses about the previously undiscussed connection between the Sumerians and Bolivians.

Mysterious finds of archaeologists, which may indicate the life of disappeared highly developed civilizations. The level of technology available to them is simply amazing.

In the myths about Ancient Greece a legend is told about lustful forest nymphs-temptresses who lured travelers into the thickets and arranged a real sexual feast, after which, upon returning home, these men were no longer able to have fun with an ordinary woman. No wonder Herodotus exclaimed: “Whoever has tasted the love of a nymph will never be able to forget her caresses.”

It is believed that it was the forest libertines who taught people the art of sexual poses, and this legend became the reason why hypersexuality in women was called nymphomania. It is quite unfair that polygamy and sexual activity in men have long been almost no surprise, but for some reason it is still not possible to explain such behavior in women.

Who are nymphomaniacs

The famous researcher of sexual relationships Alfred Kinsey, for example, gave the following definition of a nymphomaniac: “one who wants more sex than you.” Since ancient times, humanity has known cases of increased sexual desire in men and women. However, the term nymphomania (from the Greek nymph - bride, mania - passion) refers to a type of hypersexuality only in women, and in men it is satyriasm (from the Greek satyr - a lustful goat-legged demon of the forest).

Interestingly, the scientific literature describes a case of a nymphomaniac who had sexual intercourse with men 10-15 times in a row and continued to experience the need and desire for further intercourse. A nymphomaniac is always haunted by an uncontrollable desire to have sex with everyone, while she is completely indiscriminate in choosing her partners.

This is explained by the fact that in the blood of nymphomaniacs the concentration of sex hormones is restored quite quickly - reaching that critical point when sexual intercourse becomes extremely desirable. The very attempts to get at least some pleasure are reduced to absolute zero, since true nymphomania does not entail sexual pleasure.

Statistics show that for every 2.5 thousand women there is always one true nymphomaniac, who should be distinguished from temperamental women with free attitude to sex. Nymphomania can be divided into two types: the desire to have as many orgasms as possible or the desire to have as many partners as possible.

Nymphomania can develop against the background of severe stress caused by severe punishment in childhood and violence. Interestingly, it can also be triggered by diseases that seem far from sex, such as encephalitis, meningitis, tumors and vascular lesions of the brain, drug intoxication, and hyperfunction of the adrenal cortex. Often, nymphomania is preceded by difficult childbirth, abortion with complications, abuse of oral contraceptives, and menopause.

Carol Groneman, a history professor, in her book entitled Nymphomania, makes a connection between the developed occipital region, the cerebellum and excessive sexual activity in women. However, this fact has not been scientifically confirmed, and thus it is impossible to determine a nymphomaniac “by eye”.

It is interesting that the most tireless nymphomaniacs are not crazy older ladies, but girls aged 14-16 years. At this age, a woman’s personality has not yet been fully formed, and youthful maximalism and infantilism do not allow her to resist increased sexual desire.

The most famous nymphomaniacs

The names of the most famous nymphomaniacs in history have become household names. What made these women famous throughout the world was not their beauty or their great deeds, but their unbridled passion.

Cleopatra

Cleopatra was distinguished not only by her obstinate disposition, but also by her violent temperament. To satisfy her sexual desires, Cleopatra had a whole harem of handsome young men. Interestingly, according to legend, after a night with the queen, the young lover faced inevitable death. Perhaps this was just a ploy to make men fall in love “like the last time.”

Valeria Messalina

Valeria was the wife of Caesar Claudius. It is known that she slept with the entire legion of guards and had fun with clients in a brothel, pretending to be a prostitute. There is a term “Messalina complex”, which is synonymous with nymphomania.

Known for changing favorites like gloves. There are rumors that her insatiability is due to the fact that even in her early youth, Catherine played with artificial phalluses, constantly increasing their size: up to 9 cm in diameter. Perhaps that is why no man could satisfy her.