Carbonated drinks list of brands. The ABC of thirst: soft drinks from A to Z. Carbonated drinks lead to fatty internal organs
Since childhood, most of us have fallen in love with drinks in which the bubbles burst beautifully on the walls of the glass or bottle and leave a pleasant tickling taste in the mouth. A lot of carbonated products are currently produced: from sweet water and mineral water to champagne and kvass. Many people consume one or another variety every day: they quench their thirst, wash down their food, and simply enjoy the familiar effervescent taste on the tongue. But are these drinks as safe as they are pleasant and popular? It is worth learning more about them in order to make an informed choice.
What are they like?
Carbonated drinks are a special type of soft drinks, which contain a certain liquid, carbon dioxide and related additives (sugar, dyes, etc.).
There are many varieties of such drinks:
- mineral water;
- fruit water;
- soda;
- cider;
- soda;
- a sparkling wine;
- champagne;
- beer;
- kvass.
And although these drinks are produced using different technologies, the results are similar.
Distinctive properties of this type of product:
- refreshing effect;
- pleasant taste;
- sparkling (bubbles).
All these qualities have made this product very popular in many countries around the world. But this popularity did not come in one day. A lot of time passed before the soda we know now appeared.
The history of bubbles
A natural fizzy drink (mineral water) was consumed back in ancient times. And for the first time, the English chemist J. Priestley produced carbonation artificially in 1767. A few years later, saturators were invented - devices for saturating water with carbon dioxide, and the first carbonated drinks went on sale.
However, such production turned out to be technically complex and therefore expensive. At the end of the 19th century. German entrepreneur and inventor J. Schwepp came up with a solution to the problem: instead of using a saturator, add regular baking soda and citric acid to the water. A chemical reaction took place and carbon dioxide was released. At the same time, the production process was much cheaper. New way turned out to be popular, and such water has since often been called soda. It was distinguished by a pleasant sour taste and increased effervescence. Subsequently, the production of Schweppe's drinks expanded significantly, forming the Schweppes trademark that is now known.
Where are they made?
Currently, the production of carbonated drinks is carried out in special factories. To saturate with carbon dioxide, two main technologies are used:
- mechanical (using a siphon, saturator, acratophor, etc.);
- chemical (reaction of acid and soda or the addition of carbon dioxide during fermentation).
Non-alcoholic bubbles
The variety, purpose and manufacturing technology determine the composition of carbonated drinks.
For example, fruit water consists of purified water, natural juice and mechanically injected carbon dioxide. Soda is a product made from water, citric acid and baking soda. The familiar soda also contains purified water and carbon dioxide, as well as sugar and various sweeteners that create and enhance the intended taste. Soft drinks are usually carbonated using siphons and carbonators, while those containing alcohol get their bubbles through a chemical reaction.
Strength and gas
Sparkling wine and champagne contain a mixture of secondary fermented grape wines (bubbles usually appear during the fermentation process). There is also a carbonated wine drink - it is called sparkling wine. This is also a mixture of grape wines that have undergone fermentation, only saturation with carbon dioxide occurs not chemically, but mechanically - using special devices.
Beer consists of water, malt, hops, yeast and various additives. The effervescence of this drink is achieved chemically.
The low-alcohol drink cider is made from a certain type of apple juice, subjected to yeast-free fermentation and saturated with carbon dioxide using a mechanical method.
Kvass, which is sold in stores, is made from water, malt, flour and bread, and is saturated with carbon dioxide before bottling.
On everyone's lips
What are the most famous brands of carbonated drinks? Most of the soda is produced in the USA, these are such well-known names as “Coca-Cola”, “Pepsi”, “Schweppes”, “Fanta”, “Sprite”, etc. The most famous domestic carbonated drink is “Buratino”. The brands “Baikal” and “Tarkhun” are also famous. The latter was invented at the end of the 19th century in Russian Empire. It’s worth telling about it in more detail.
What is "Tarragon"
This unusual green drink was invented by pharmacist Mitrofan Lagidze. At that time, the production of water with bubbles and the addition of sweet syrups had already been established. In fact, these were the sweet carbonated drinks known to us today, but only natural in composition.
The Tarragon drink was created back in 1887 by adding an odorous extract to carbonated water with natural fruit syrups. The plant from which the extract was made is called Caucasian tarragon, or tarragon. Thanks to him, the carbonated drink acquired an easily recognizable and pleasant taste, as well as a characteristic green color.
History of drinks
Through experimentation, the resourceful pharmacist obtained new interesting flavors of fruit waters. Over time, the well-known Lagidze Waters enterprise appeared. The carbonated drinks he invented received the highest Russian and international awards at exhibitions at the beginning of the 20th century. IN different years Lagidze supplied drinks to the Russian imperial court and the leadership of the USSR. From this fact one can judge how high the quality of the product was and what variety of tastes it could boast of.
Currently, the original drink is produced with carbon dioxide pumped into it. The color of the finished product is no longer green, but yellow, but for the convenience of customers it is still produced in green bottles. Currently, the successor to the Lagidze Waters enterprise is the Tikhvin Lemonade Factory (Tbilisi, Georgia).
There is also a soda with the taste of the Tarragon drink and the same name. Of course, it is not natural: it contains dyes that create a green color and an original taste.
Now is the time to clarify what harm carbonated drinks can cause to your health. Or maybe there is some benefit from them?
Damage to health
We have all heard from childhood that it is not recommended to drink a lot of soda. But what exactly is its negative impact on the body? The harm of carbonated drinks lies not in carbon dioxide, but in the preservatives that are used in the production of all sweet fizzy drinks: from Cola-Cola to Buratino. The most dangerous preservative is sodium benzoate. When consumed in large quantities or on a regular basis, it causes irreversible changes in the structure of DNA molecules. This can lead to various kinds of diseases, including cancer.
Other synthetic substances that make up carbonated water are no more harmless. Even though individual species preservatives, coloring agents, flavor enhancers and sweeteners are allowed for use in industry, no one can give an exact guarantee that the enterprise does not violate technology by circumventing the law. But even if we assume that the concentration of preservatives does not exceed permissible level, still, the harm of carbonated drinks is difficult to overestimate.
Increased incidence
Drinking sweet soda in large quantities leads to the following consequences:
- changes in the water-salt composition of the body;
- metabolic disease;
- diabetes;
- obesity in children and adults;
- impaired concentration and memory;
- fast fatiguability;
- decreased vision;
- deterioration of skin, hair, nails;
- weakened immunity;
- fragility of bone mass;
- provoking urolithiasis;
- gastritis, stomach ulcers and other diseases of the gastrointestinal tract;
- increased risk of cancer.
This impressive list of reasons is enough to give up drinking sweet soda. But its negative impact on the body does not end there. And although sugar itself is not very healthy, its content in carbonated drinks is many times higher. permissible norm: 17 teaspoons per 1 liter of water.
In addition, sweet fizzy drink does not quench thirst at all, but, on the contrary, enhances it due to its individual components. Also, these components cause gradual addiction, so that you want soda again and again.
And finally, sweet drinks with bubbles tend to provoke dehydration and wash away beneficial microelements from the body.
But is everything really so bad and not a single good word can be said about the sparkling waters?
What kind of fizzy drink can you drink?
Although the benefits of carbonated drinks are small, they still exist. But it is worth emphasizing that this statement does not apply to sweet varieties that contain a lot of preservatives and sugar.
You can drink mineral water, which is available in different degrees of carbonation: strong, medium and weak. This drink contains benefits for the body. mineral salts. In addition, it is not addictive, quenches thirst well and does not wash away beneficial substances from the body, unlike cola and other sweet sodas.
Their beneficial features There is also bread kvass, which is usually sold in bottled form with the addition of gas. In addition to the fact that it contains many vitamins and amino acids, its properties have a beneficial effect on gastrointestinal tract, increase immunity and strengthen the nervous system.
Safe choice
But you still shouldn’t get carried away with the effervescent waters. The effect of carbon dioxide on internal organs is in any case unfavorable, and if you abuse any carbonated drinks, it will soon have a negative impact on your health.
It is better to give preference to plain water, mineral water without gas and herbal teas. And if you like kvass, then it’s better to make it at home. This way you can be confident in the composition and quality of the ingredients, and in addition, you will not once again irritate the gastric mucosa with fizzy drinks.
Homemade soda
You can also try homemade soda. It will contain much less harmful substances than store-bought ones.
To prepare you will need ingredients:
- purified water;
- baking soda (1 teaspoon per glass);
- lemon acid(half a teaspoon per glass) or lemon slices (1 per glass);
- honey, sweet syrup, sugar (optional).
Everything is prepared quite simply: the ingredients are mixed in a container and filled with water. Baking soda and citric acid (powdered or from fresh lemon) enter into chemical reaction, and bubbles form. The beauty of this drink is that it is relatively safe for health, as well as the possibilities for experimentation. By mixing different ingredients, you can create interesting flavors. This is exactly how in the century before last, pharmacists in different countries ah peace received the first fizzy drinks: soda, lemonade, water with syrup and others.
conclusions
Let's summarize. What fizzy drinks are best not to drink? All sweet varieties. As a last resort, if you really want to, you can make homemade soda: it won’t have a whole “bouquet” of preservatives, and it’s always easy to replace sugar, for example, with honey. Which drinks are more or less safe for health? Mineral water (preferably slightly carbonated), kvass (preferably homemade, still), sweet water with natural syrups.
Remember: widespread, sometimes intrusive advertising does not mean the product is useful. And the fact that many people drink carbonated drinks every day and in large quantities does not mean that they are safe. After all, negative effects accumulate gradually, and for some time powerful resources human body can resist them, creating external well-being. But sooner or later, the harmful effects of preservatives, sugar and carbon dioxide break down the body’s protective barrier, and it responds by exacerbating old diseases or the unexpected appearance of new ones.
Which carbonated soft drinks deserve priority attention from a wide consumer audience? What is the secret of their success? In our material we would like to highlight the most famous brands of soft drinks.
Coca-Cola
The idea of creating the most popular soft drink on the planet arose completely by accident. It was invented by American pharmacist John Pemberton, who initially developed the formula for migraine tincture. For these purposes, he mixed sugar syrup, coca plant leaves and caffeine. It is not at all surprising that the use of the resulting product had virtually no effect positive effect for headaches. However, the product quickly fell in love with a wide audience due to its amazing taste.
Real success awaited the creator of the drink after he decided to saturate the composition with fizzy drink. In order to increase sales, the product began to be distributed under the original name Coca-Cola, which later became a classic. Before his death, Pemberton transferred the rights to make soda to an entrepreneur named Candler. The latter put his remarkable business acumen to use and turned the Coca-Cola brand into a preeminent soft drink brand.
Pepsi
This brand of soft drinks burst onto the market at a time when the Coca-Cola brand had long ruled everything. The author of the soda is entrepreneur Caleb Bradham, who initially claimed the healing qualities of the product. Despite the fact that this statement was not believed, the drink became quite popular. The defining strategy of the manufacturer was to set low prices for soda. Over the course of several decades, the Pepsi brand managed to come close to the success of Coca-Cola. Currently, companies are engaged in an irreconcilable struggle in the market.
Sprite
The drink began to be produced in the 40s of the last century. The success of soda on the market was facilitated by the manufacturer’s statements about the excellent combination of the product with popular alcohol, in particular scotch and whiskey. Since 1978, Sprite has become the world's most popular carbonated lemon drink. It is noteworthy that the product received its name from the name of the popular hand-drawn character - the ever-smiling elf Sprite, who was originally the symbol of the Coca-Cola company.
Red Bull
What are the differences between individual energy drinks? Taste and composition play a certain role. However, in essence, they have the same content. Why does Red Bull stand out from other products? A competent marketing strategy played a decisive role in the popularization of the drink.
Surely, each of us is familiar with the memorable slogan “Red Bull gives you wings.” To confirm this statement, the creators of this brand of soft drinks relied on the audience that most likes energy drinks. We are talking about active youth, in particular fans of extreme sports. The company began to promote the product at all unusual, original events. As a result, the image of a dynamic brand was created, which acts as an integral part of the life of non-standard individuals who stand out from the general gray mass. It is this approach that allows the manufacturer to remain one of the most famous brands of soft drinks.
Alcoholic drink with a strength of 25 to 51 vol. used as an aperitif before meals. Anise tincture is made by infusing anise seeds with vodka. During the aging process, anise releases its essential oils into the drink. This drink appeared on the modern territory of Russia and Europe in the 16-17 centuries. along with caravans of spices from Far East. Thanks to its unique aroma, it was used in baking and, of course, in the production of vodka.
Arak
English arak or araq
A alcoholic drink, strength from 30 to 60 vol. widespread in the East, Central Asia, Europe, India, on the islands of Sri Lanka and Java. The prerequisite for the creation of arak was the need for beneficial use of grape products.
Nowadays, depending on the region, arak is made from rice, grapes, figs, dates, molasses, plums and other fruits.
Armagnac fr. aygue ardente
- water of life
Alcoholic drink with a strength of 55-65 vol. in taste and appearance it is very close to cognac. It is produced in the southeastern part of France in the province of Gascony. By origin, Armagnac is almost 100 years older than cognac. It was first mentioned in the 15th century.
The production of Armagnac is very similar to the production technology of Cognac. The only differences are in the distillation process. Balm - Greek
Alcoholic drink with a strength of 40-45 vol. (some up to 65 vol.), infused with medicinal herbs, is used exclusively for medicinal and preventive purposes.
Traditionally, the balsam has a brown color due to a variety of herbs, roots and fruits.
Armagnac Benedictine Benedictine
- blessed
And an alcoholic drink based on a collection of about 27 types of herbs, honey and locally produced cognac, with a strength of 40-45 vol., belonging to the class of liqueurs. This drink first appeared in 1510 in France at the monastery of St. Benedict in the Abbey of Fecamp. The created drink included about 75 types of herbs. However, the original recipe for Benedictine has been lost. The drink was revived with some improvements in 1863.
Brandy It’s difficult to put into words “ brandy
» a specific drink, rather it is a method of its production. We can say that brandy is concentrated wine. Initially, it was supposed to be diluted with water before drinking, but the drink turned out to be so good that over time it became an independent product of wine distillation.
Bourbon English
Bourbon The original American alcoholic drink is a type of whiskey, but is made from corn. The strength of the drink is 40-45 vol., but most often the drink has 43 vol. This drink first appeared in the late 18th – early 19th centuries. in the small town of Paris, Kentucky. The drink was named after the region of the same name in the Bourbon state, in which the founding city is located. During
civil war
bourbon was issued to soldiers without fail, as antiseptic for washing wounds.
Vermouth
German
wermout - wormwood
An alcoholic drink created through the natural fermentation of grapes or any other fruit juice. The strength of the wine after fermentation is 9-16 vol. When making fortified wines, high strength is achieved by diluting the wine with alcohol to the desired percentage. Wine is the most ancient drink. There are many legends of the first appearance of the drink, which are reflected in the epics of Ancient Greek, Ancient Roman and Persian mythology.
Whiskey
Celt. uisge baugh– water of life
A strong alcoholic drink (40-60 vol) obtained by distilling malted grains of wheat, barley and rye. It is not possible to determine exactly where the drink originated. The dispute is between two countries – Ireland and Scotland. However, the first mentions were preserved in Scottish documents from 1494. These are records of the monks who first produced the drink. From the moment of its appearance until the 17th century. Whiskey was produced on a national scale by virtually every farmer, jeopardizing the production of sufficient bread for the population.
Cherry liqueur
eng. cherry liqueur
An alcoholic drink infused with cherry fruits and leaves based on grape brandy with added sugar. The strength of the drink is 25-30 vol. Cherry liqueur was invented in England by Thomas Grant from the town of Kent.
The liqueur was made from one variety of black cherries - morel. However, now almost all varieties are used. In addition to England, cherry liqueurs are also produced in Germany, France and Switzerland.
Still water A liquid that is odorless and tasteless in small volumes and colorless under normal environmental conditions. Contains dissolved mineral salts and various chemical elements . Has vital important function
in the development and functioning of the human body. Still water acts as a universal solvent, thanks to which all biochemical processes occur.
Carbonated water This is natural mineral or drinking non-carbonated water enriched with carbon dioxide (CO2), flavored and sweetened to increase its shelf life. Due to carbon, carbonated water is purified from possible microbes. Filling water with carbon dioxide is carried out on a special industrial equipment
. There are three types of sparkling water based on the level of carbon dioxide saturation.
An alcoholic drink that is colorless and has a characteristic alcoholic odor. This is the most common drink in the world. In most countries, vodka is used as a neutral alcohol to create cocktails; in Slavic countries and post-Soviet countries it is consumed as an independent drink. The strength in different countries can vary from 32 to 56 vol., it all depends on the government documents regulating the production of vodka.
Mulled wine
German glühender Wein– hot, flaming wine
This is a very tasty alcoholic hot drink, the basis of which is red wine, heated to 70-80°C with sugar and spices.
It is traditionally consumed in Switzerland, Germany, Austria and the Czech Republic during mass Christmas celebrations.
Bourbon Gogol-mogol hoog-mug
– mishmash
A soft drink based on raw chicken eggs and sugar. Belongs to the dessert class. There are several legends from different countries where eggnog originated. So in Germany, the creation of eggnog is attributed to confectioner Manfred Kekenbauer.
In Poland - to the singer of the choir at the synagogue in the city of Mogelev, Gogel, who, having lost his voice, took the advice to drink a scrambled raw egg. Subsequently, various ingredients were added to the main components, creating more and more new variations of the drink. Grappa Italian
Grappa
– grape pomace
English An alcoholic drink produced by distilling grape pomace. It belongs to the class of brandy and has a strength of 40-50 vol. In accordance with the international decree of 1997, only those drinks that are produced on Italian territory and from Italian raw materials can be called grappa. This decree also strictly regulates the quality of the drink and the standards for its production.
Grog grog An alcoholic drink based on rum or cognac, diluted
hot water
with the addition of sugar, lime or lemon juice, as well as spices: cinnamon, vanillin, coriander, nutmeg and others. Grog is a truly sea drink. It was first used in the 18th century. after the order of Admiral Edward Vernon to dilute the rum with water due to the excessive passion for it by sailors. English alcoholic drink originally from the Netherlands.
Gin production began in the mid-17th century. in the Netherlands, and after the “Glorious Revolution” it spread to England.
Over time, the process of making gin has remained virtually unchanged. Its main component is wheat alcohol, which, through the process of vertical distillation and the addition of juniper berries, acquires its unique dry taste. Julep Arab.
julab
- pink water
Armagnac A chilled cocktail whose main ingredient is fresh mint.
The following components are used in its preparation: alcoholic drinks, syrups, table mineral water, fresh fruits and berries.
Initially, julep, like water with sugar, was used to dilute bitter medicines, potions and tinctures in it.
Calvados Calvados An alcoholic drink based on pear or apple cider, produced in the French province of Basse-Normandie.
The drink belongs to the brandy class and has a strength of 40-50 vol. Only drinks produced in the French departments of Calvados (74% of total Calvados production), Orne, Manche, Er, Sarthe and Mayenne can be called Calvados. Cocoa lat.
theobroma cacao
- food of the gods A tonic and aromatic non-alcoholic drink based on milk or water, cocoa powder and sugar. The ancient Aztec tribes began to use cocoa powder for the first time (about 3000 years ago). Only men and shamans enjoyed the privilege of drinking this drink. Ripe cocoa beans were ground into powder and diluted with cold water, and added
hot peppers , vanilla and other spices. Cachasa
port.
cachaca
An alcoholic drink made by distilling sugar cane. The strength of the drink can vary from 38 to 54 vol.
Cachaça is the national drink of Brazil, and its production is strictly regulated by law. The word cachaca has a common noun form commercial name drink of Brazil. Thus, in the state of Rio Grandido, cachaca is included in the food basket of citizens.
A nutritious drink obtained from milk by fermentation of lactic acid bacteria: rods, streptococci, yeast, acetic bacteria and about 16 other species. Their number must be at least 107 per liter. The drink has a white color, uniform texture, sour milk smell and a small proportion of carbon dioxide. Kefir is most widespread among residents of Slavic countries and the Middle East.
Kissel
A sweet dessert drink with a jelly-like structure. It is prepared on the basis of fruit and berry compotes, uzvar, juices, syrups, milk, jam diluted in water with the addition of corn or potato starch, as well as grain starter. The jelly contains sugar as a sweetener.
Cobbler
English cobbler- tavern owner, brewer
A cocktail dessert drink consisting of a variety of fruits, syrups, juices, alcoholic beverages and crushed ice. Cobbler was first prepared in America in 1809. It was made by a tavern owner as a sign of reconciliation after a quarrel with his wife, which made her completely delighted, and the whole world received a new drink.
Cocktail
English cock's tail– rooster tail
A drink obtained by mixing (mixing) various alcoholic and non-alcoholic drinks. The volume of one serving of cocktail does not exceed 150 ml. Also, the cocktail recipe clearly states the proportions of the components, the violation of which can irreparably spoil the drink or lead to the creation of a new type of it.
Cola
Calvados cola
A tonic sweet carbonated drink that contains caffeine.
The drink got its name from kola nuts, which were used in the original recipe as a source of caffeine. The drink was first produced by the American chemist John Stith Pemberton in 1886 as a medicinal syrup. The drink was sold in 200 ml portions. in pharmacies as a remedy for “nervous disorders”.
Armagnac After some time, the drink began to be carbonated and sold in vending machines. Compote
compote
- make up, mix
Armagnac A dessert non-alcoholic drink made from one type or a mixture of fruits and berries based on water and sugar. Compote is prepared from fresh, frozen or dried ingredients. This drink is very popular chilled in the summer, and in cold weather, compotes go well warm as a source of vitamins. Compotes are also prepared for the winter for future use.
An alcoholic drink produced in the city of the same name, Cognac (France). It is produced from a special type of grape using special technology. Cognac is made from white grape varieties. The main share of them is the variety uni blanc.
Full ripening of the grapes occurs in mid-October, so the process of creating such a noble drink begins in late autumn.
Coffee Arab. qahwa
- stimulating drink
A tonic non-alcoholic drink made from roasted coffee beans. Coffee is a heat-loving plant, so it is grown on high mountain plantations. Two varieties of coffee trees are used to produce coffee: Arabica and Robusta. In terms of consumer properties, Arabica is less strong, but more aromatic, Robusta is the opposite. Therefore, a mixture of these two varieties in different proportions is often sold. The history of coffee is shrouded in a huge number of legends.
ice.
Kumis Turks.ҡымыҙ
- fermented mare's milk
An alcoholic drink based on mare's milk, obtained by fermentation under the influence of acidophilus and Bulgarian bacillus and yeast. The drink has a pleasant sweet and sour taste, white in color with a slight foam on the surface. Kumis, made from various types of starters, may contain different amounts of alcohol. Its content can vary from 0.2 to 2.5 vol. and sometimes reach 4.5 vol.
wermout Liquor leaguefacere
– dissolve
C sweet alcoholic drink infused with fruits, berries and herbs and spices. Its strength ranges from 16 to 50 vol.
Armagnac The date of creation of the drink is unknown, but it is believed that the first prototype of modern liqueurs was the Elixir of Benedictine, created in the 16th century. monk Bernardo Vinzelli in the city of Fécamp. Many monks and distillers tried to repeat or improve this liqueur. As a result, new, no less tasty, types were obtained. Lemonade
lemonade light yellow color, lemon aroma and refreshing taste. First appeared in France in the 17th century. during the reign of Louis I. According to legend, the appearance of the drink is associated with an almost fatal mistake by the court cupbearer. He inadvertently scooped the monarch into a glass instead of wine lemon juice In order to somehow correct this rash act, he added water and sugar to the glass.
Mead
An alcoholic drink with a strength of 5-16 vol., made from honey. The percentage of sugar ranges from 8 to 10%. The most ancient archaeological excavations in Russia, dating back to the 7th-6th centuries. BC, they find evidence of the production of a honey-based drink by local peoples. Therefore, mead is one of the most ancient alcoholic drinks in Rus'.
Martini
Italian Martini
alcoholic drink, strength 16-18 vol. infused with herbs. The herbal collection usually includes more than 35 plants, including: yarrow, mint, St. John's wort, chamomile, coriander, ginger, cinnamon, cloves, wormwood, immortelle and others. In addition to leaves and stems, flowers and seeds rich in essential oils
.
The drink belongs to the class of vermouths. Milk A fluid produced by the mammary glands of humans and mammals. It contains a large amount
useful substances
necessary for the growth and development of the body. Milk contains fats, proteins, vitamins and microelements. The color of milk can vary from white to yellow-blue. It depends on its fat content. Due to the lactose content, it has a slightly sweet taste. Milk includes more than 100 useful components, of which about 20 balanced and fatty amino acids, lactose, and minerals. Morse Art. rus.
mursa – water with honey A soft drink, usually non-alcoholic, based on fruit juice, water and sugar or honey. Also, for piquancy and additional aroma, you can add citrus fruit zest, spices (cinnamon, cloves, coriander) and tinctures to the fruit drink.
medicinal herbs
(St. John's wort, sage, mint, lemon balm and others). Punch Hindi
This is a whole group of hot, burning or chilled alcoholic cocktails containing fresh or canned fruits and juice. Among the alcoholic drinks used in the preparation of punch are rum, wine, grappa, brandy, arrack, claret, alcohol and vodka. Traditionally, the drink is prepared in large containers (punch bowls) and served at receptions and parties. The strength of the drink varies from 15 to 20 vol. and sugar content - from 30 to 40%. The most famous punch recipes are Caribbean Rum Punch, Barbados Punch and Plantation Punch.
Beer
An alcoholic drink prepared by fermenting malt wort with yeast and hops. Barley is most often used as malted grains. Depending on the type of beer, the strength of the drink can vary from 3 to 14 vol. Beer is the most popular alcoholic beverage and ranks third in the world in the overall list of drinks after water and tea. There are more than 1000 different types of beer. They differ in color, taste, alcohol content, raw ingredients used and cooking traditions in different countries.
Pisco
from Indian dialect pisco- flying bird
An alcoholic drink made from muscat grape varieties.
Pisco belongs to the brandy class and is the national Peruvian and Chilean drink. The strength of the drink is 35-50 vol.
English Rum
rum
An alcoholic beverage produced by the fermentation and distillation of cane molasses and syrup resulting from the manufacture of cane sugar. At the exit, the drink has a transparent color, and after aging in wooden barrels it acquires an amber color.
The strength of the drink, depending on the variety, can vary from 40 to 75 vol.
Sake
The national low-alcohol drink of the Japanese, produced by fermenting rice. The taste of sake can have notes of sherry, apples, grapes, bananas, spices, and herbs. The color of the drink is usually transparent, but color changes towards amber, yellow, green and lemon shades are allowed. The strength of the drink varies from 14.5 to 20 vol.
It is symbolic that the list opens with ice creams, that is, drinks that contain ice cream. Much more “cooler”. Making ice cream is easy. For one serving, mix 50 grams of any fruit juice (or syrup) with the same amount mineral water(cool first), and put 50 grams of ice cream on top of the glass. If desired, you can add a little chopped fruit. You need to eat this miracle with a spoon and a straw, closing your eyes with pleasure.
B azylic drink
In common parlance it is also called “cornflower compote”. But that doesn’t make it any less delicious! For 3 liters of water, take 2 bunches of basil, 1 tbsp sugar and the juice of 1 lemon. Pour cold water over the herb, boil, add sugar and boil for 10 minutes. Remove from heat, pour in lemon juice, cool and enjoy a delicious drink with a pleasant pink color.
In the cherry juice
One of the oldest drinks in Rus', mentioned in Domostroy. The difference between fruit juice and compote is that first the juice is squeezed out of the berries and only after that the pulp is boiled in water with added sugar, and then the strained broth is combined with the fresh juice obtained initially. Cherry juice unique in composition - it is an excellent multivitamin drink that lowers blood cholesterol levels.
Mushroom tea
If this miracle mushroom, which looks like a jellyfish, has not yet taken root in your kitchen, then it’s time to start breeding it. You fill it with strong sweetened tea leaves and after a few days you get a valuable tonic drink that tastes like kvass and looks like soda.
D julep
Do you want to freshen up? Then drink a julep, a drink made with mint leaves. Pour some water into a glass, dissolve 2 teaspoons of sugar in it, add a few mint leaves and mash with a spoon. Remove the branches, fill the glass almost to the top with crushed ice and pour in any fruit juice or syrup (or a mixture of both).
E-drink
The needles are rich in vitamins, essential oils and remove harmful substances from the body. To prepare a vitamin drink from it to strengthen the immune system, pour 1 tbsp of spruce needles with 3 tbsp of cold water, add the juice of 1 lemon and leave for two days.
"Jivchik"
A drink based on apple juice and echinacea tincture (a natural remedy for stimulating the immune system). Just mix concentrated Apple juice with water to your liking and add a few drops of herbal tincture to the glass - your homemade “energy drink” is ready!
Green tea
Perhaps the most appropriate drink of the summer. Cooled green tea with lemon perfectly quenches thirst, tones, replenishes the loss of microelements in the body and increases performance. For variety, add ice cubes, fruit juice or syrup, carbonated mineral water, and mint leaves to the cup.
And ginger ale
An effervescent refreshing drink with magical bubbles and a delicate taste. In a 2-liter jar, add 1.5 tbsp finely grated ginger root, 1 tbsp sugar, 1/4 tsp active dry yeast, juice of 1 lemon (or orange, grapefruit, pomegranate) - add water, close the lid and shake until dissolving sugar. Leave at room temperature for 2-3 days, then put in the refrigerator overnight and strain in the morning.
Yogurt
Drinking yogurt can be prepared at home - lovers of this drink ferment it in special yogurt makers. It is believed that this is a drink of long-livers - the Russian scientist Mechnikov studied its beneficial properties in his scientific research.
Kobler
This is the name for drinks based on juices and fruits with a large amount of finely crushed ice - the glass is filled with cubes more than halfway, and then the cobbler components are poured in. And they drink it through a straw - “cobbler” translated from English means “long sip.”
Limonade
Royal drink. According to legend, lemonade was invented by the court cupbearer of the French King Louis I, and later the recipe came to Russia thanks to Peter I. Fans of lemonade came up with many variations with the addition of spices, mint and fruits. If you don't like lemonade, try orangeade - the same thing, only made from oranges.
"M ojito" non-alcoholic
A favorite Cuban drink in a “sober” variation. Mint and lime give it a pleasant green color. Finely chop 1 bunch of mint and 1 lime, add 6 pieces of brown sugar, mash everything with a mortar and pour in 600 ml of mineral water. Mojito is served with ice cubes.
Honey drink
To prepare this pleasant carbonated drink, dissolve 250 grams of honey in 1 liter of hot water, cool until room temperature, add 5 g of yeast and the juice of half a lemon. Leave in a warm place for 12 hours, then strain and cool.
About the wax cocktail
A rare guest on our table, and for good reason - the vegetable cocktail contains a lot of microelements and fiber. To prepare the drink, grind your favorite vegetables in a blender and mix with yogurt, salt, and spices to taste. Try the combination of “kefir-cucumber-greens”, “beets-carrots-pumpkin”, “celery-tomato-sweet pepper” and you will take a new look at familiar vegetables.
Punsh non-alcoholic
This is a tea-based drink with the addition of various syrups, juices, milk, spices and fruits. A lot of crushed ice is put into the cold punch and it is always served in a tall glass with a straw. For raspberry punch, mix 30 g of raspberry syrup, 20 g of milk and 100 g of cold strong black tea, let it brew for 5-10 minutes and garnish the glass with a slice of lemon.
Rhubarb compote
Rhubarb stems are rich in vitamins and are used in cooking in the same way as apples. Cool rhubarb compote is a real treat! Take 500 g of rhubarb petioles, 200 g of sugar, lemon peels, a pinch of ginger. Wash, peel, chop the stems. Sugar, lemon peels, boil the ginger with a glass of water, then add the rhubarb and cook until soft.
With ok birch
It is collected in the spring, but in the summer it can be “mined” Birch juice in the shop. This is a natural remedy for many problems, ranging from depression to stomach ulcers. You taste it and feel how the life-giving power of birch flows in.
T arhun
If you get some tarragon herb, you can have an evening of nostalgia with homemade Tarragon. Place finely chopped tarragon (200g) in boiling water (1l), pour in lemon juice (50ml), cover with a lid and let it brew, and then put it in the refrigerator. Add sugar to taste. The finished drink can be diluted with mineral water or bubbles can be added to it using a carbonation machine.
Apple xus
No, of course, they don’t drink it in pure form! But if you dilute a tablespoon in a glass of water apple cider vinegar and add a teaspoon of honey, you get a pleasant drink. It is believed that it improves metabolism and thereby helps to lose extra pounds.
F from
These sparkling drinks are made from sour fruit juices, adding egg whites and soda to create a fizzy mixture. For the apricot fizz, whisk 40 ml of apricot juice with the juice of half a lemon and 1 egg white. Place ice cubes in glasses, pour in the mixture, and then add 100 ml of soda.
x iced coffee
For coffee lovers, this is a real summer salvation. Pour in ground coffee ice water and leave it to steep overnight - in the morning you will get a weak soft drink with a mild taste. And of course, treat yourself to iced coffee - just add a scoop of ice cream to coffee brewed in the usual hot way.
T branch tea
The most famous flower tea is hibiscus (Sudanese rose, red sorrel, hibiscus). When brewed, the leaves of this plant give the infusion a bright red color, which makes it look like fruit compote. In the summer heat, hibiscus is good to drink chilled with the addition of sugar or honey.
Black plum compote
Dried fruit compote is a taste of childhood that is always relevant. Take 200 g prunes and 1/2 tbsp sugar. Stir sugar in 1 liter of hot water and add washed prunes, cook over low heat for 20 minutes until soft.
Rosehip drink
If you mix rosehip infusion, prepared in a thermos the night before, with any fruit juices, you will get an original soft drink. For example, to enjoy the “Evening Sunset”, bring to a boil 1 tbsp of rosehip infusion, 2 tbsp of blackcurrant juice and 2 tbsp. sugar and then cool.
Sh erbet
The drink, although cool, is very nutritious, so it can easily replace lunch. Sherbet is based on thick fruit syrups, juices or fruit drinks, which are whipped in a mixer and poured into a glass with pieces of fruit, and ice cream is always placed on top. The main thing is not to stir the layers!
Eh g-nog
General name for milk-fruit drinks with the addition of egg or egg yolk. To prepare banana eggnog, mix 50 g milk, 1-2 bananas, 20 g sugar syrup and 1 egg in a mixer. You can add fruit to the drink.
“Southern” cocktail
A variation on the theme of milkshakes with a subtle coffee note. For one serving, take 150 g milk, 50 g ice cream, 1/2 tbsp cocoa, 3/4 tsp instant coffee, 2 tsp water. Mix cocoa and coffee in hot water and mix with milk. Combine the cooled mixture with ice cream and beat.
I'm block cider
We are not talking about a low-alcohol drink like champagne, but about its brother without degrees. Non-alcoholic cider is considered a type of apple juice, so both adults and children can drink it. Just mix apple juice with mineral water - it’s a pleasure to cool off this way!
General description of the study
From May 21 to June 21, the PreVIEW company (Novosibirsk) conducted a study “Consumption of carbonated drinks, mineral/ drinking water and juices/nectars by the population of Novosibirsk" (field stage - from May 22 to June 1), the purpose of which was to study the markets for these groups of goods.
The object of the study is the adult population of the city of Novosibirsk aged 14-60 years.
The sample size is 602 people.
The sampling method is a route followed by quotas based on gender, age and area of residence.
The method of collecting information was a standardized face-to-face interview at the place of residence, the duration of which was on average 40-45 minutes.
Based on the results of the study, the following results were obtained:
- level of involvement in use various types soft drinks,
- assessment of consumption volumes of drinks, mineral water and juices, description of the consumption structure in value and physical terms (trade brands, types of drinks, types of packaging, places of purchase),
- assessment of the degree of success of promotion of main brands (familiarity, experience of use, commitment),
- socio-demographic portraits of consumers of drinks of the most famous brands,
- consumer taste preferences,
- price and demand restrictions existing in the market; characteristics of the elasticity of demand for the studied types of drinks,
- the main types of consumers of carbonated drinks, mineral water and juices, differing in consumption volumes, preferences in choosing brands, leisure time characteristics, in relation to advertising, as well as such socio-demographic characteristics as gender, age, income, family type.
According to the results of the study, the majority of the adult population (excluding older age groups) of the city are, to one degree or another, consumers of soft drinks (Note: in this study, consumers of soft drinks were understood to be those who drank, bought (or both) what - or from the types of soft drinks - carbonated soft drinks, mineral water, juices, as well as nectars and fruit drinks - over the last month). Among all respondents, the share of consumers of soft drinks is 94% (projected to the general population, their number is 860 thousand people), which is associated with the beginning of the “season” for this group of goods.
Recognition of soft drink brands
Diagram 1. Consumption of soft drinks per month
Table 1. Top-of-mind brands
Diagram 2. Popularity of foreign brands of carbonated drinks (ten most famous)
Diagram 3. Popularity of carbonated drink brands from domestic manufacturers (ten most famous)
Diagram 4. Popularity of juice and nectar brands
Diagram 5. Popularity of mineral water brands (ten most famous)
As noted above, one of the objectives of the study was to identify the popularity of brands of carbonated soft drinks, mineral water and juices (nectars). Moreover, brand awareness was measured, firstly, using an open-ended question, where the respondent was asked to remember which brands he knows (spontaneous memory with a separate recording of the first named brand - “top-of-mind”), and secondly, c using a list of the main brands present on the Novosibirsk market (to identify them, a preliminary registration of the assortment was carried out at retail outlets in the city). How this approach can be useful is clearly seen in the example of softdrinks. Many brands in this category are quite well known to consumers, especially those that have been on the market for a long time (for 11 brands from the list, according to the study results, the share of consumers who know them is more than 80%). But does this information characterize the changes taking place in the market? Most likely, it is more useful in assessing the positions of new brands that have appeared on the market and the success of their promotion. For example, 32% of popularity was achieved by the new brand “WinUp” for the Novosibirsk market - a local analogue of “Sprite” and “7Up”. In contrast to the degree of popularity according to the list, the distribution by brands that first come to the minds of consumers is directly related to consumption preferences (after all, they first remember brands that they bought recently or buy most often) and advertising activity to promote one or another another brand. For example, currently in the Novosibirsk market there is a strengthening of the position of the so-called “childhood drinks” (Lemonade, Cream Soda, Pinocchio, Duchess), which is associated with the rise in prices of Coca-Cola and Pepsi products and a switch to the consumption of cheaper brands of local producers . But despite this, Coca-Cola maintains a leading position among the top-of-mind brands, perhaps precisely due to its advertising and promotion efforts. While Pepsi is losing its position (only 5.9% of respondents named it first, three times less than Coca-Cola), in previous years it was even stronger than that of its main competitor.
The leaders in popularity among juice and nectar brands are BB (45.7% of consumers named it first) and J7 (23.8%). You could even say that they are the only widely known brands, which can be explained by three factors:
- most retail outlets in Novosibirsk do not offer a variety of brands of juices and nectars,
- Only a few brands of juices and nectars are actively advertised (over the past month, commercials for four brands have been broadcast on Novosibirsk television - BB, J7, 100% Gold Premium, Dobrynya),
- This type of drink is “unaffordable” for a significant part of the population.
It is interesting that a significant portion of respondents (6%) perceive Wimm Bill Dann, the manufacturer of such brands as J 7, 100% Gold, 100% Gold Premium, Rio Grande, Dr. Fresh - as a separate brand of juice, and not as a manufacturer's brand.
Among the first named brands of mineral water, the dominant position is occupied by the local brand “Karachinskaya” (almost 84% of respondents remembered it first). It should be noted that this is a somewhat “blurred” brand: strictly speaking, it consists of two brands - “Karachinskaya” and “Karachinskaya-2”, and the bulk is produced under the “Karachinskaya-2” brand, which is not distinguished from “Karachinskaya” by most consumers. . Another feature is that water of these brands is produced by about ten enterprises in the city and region, which makes it relevant to differentiate customer demand based on the principle of focusing on a specific manufacturer (i.e. this brand suffered the fate of most “traditional” brands).
If we consider the hierarchy of popularity of mineral and drinking water brands present on the Russian market (Borjomi, Narzan, Essentuki, Holy Source, Bon Aqua), obtained from the results this study, then it coincides with studies conducted on the basis of an all-Russian sample and published in the specialized press. The same (to a greater or lesser extent) applies to other types of drinks. But it is obvious that during research on a Russian scale, local brands are “lost,” which are often the main competitors of all-Russian and world brands in many local markets, and little known outside them. On the Novosibirsk mineral water market, such a strong local brand is Karachinskaya, leading by a wide margin from all other brands in terms of popularity and consumption volumes. From brands of juices and nectars - BB (now bottled in Novosibirsk), from carbonated drinks - VINAP products.
V. Grebennikov
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