Patterns of changes in the chemical properties of elements and their compounds by periods and groups. The periodic law and the periodic system have the greatest reducing activity

1. In the main subgroups of the periodic table, the reducing ability of atoms of chemical elements increases with:

  1. decreasing the radius of atoms;
  2. an increase in the number of energy levels in atoms;
  3. a decrease in the number of protons in the nuclei of atoms;
  4. increasing the number of valence electrons.

2. In periods, the reducing properties of atoms of chemical elements with an increase in their atomic number:

  1. weaken;
  2. intensify;
  3. do not change;
  4. change periodically.

3. The following has the greatest restorative activity:

4. In the row B - C - N - O (from left to right) non-metallic properties:

  1. weaken;
  2. intensify;
  3. do not change;
  4. change periodically.

5. In the series Na→K→Rb→Cs, the ability of metals to donate electrons:

  1. weakens
  2. intensifies
  3. does not change
  4. changes periodically;

6. The most pronounced metallic properties are:

7. Number of elements forming the following substances: carbyne, fullerene, Activated carbon, coke, soot - equals:

  1. alone
  2. four;

8. The number of elements forming the following substances: light water, heavy water, superheavy water, hydrogen peroxide, oxygen, ozone - equal to:

  1. six
  2. two;

9. Which statement is not true:

  1. elements - nonmetals in the Periodic Table D.I. Mendeleev has almost three times less elements - metals.
  2. For non-metal elements, the phenomenon of allotropy is more typical than for metal elements.
  3. All non-metal elements have allotropic properties.
  4. The reasons for allotropy for nonmetals are: different structures of crystal lattices and different numbers of atoms in molecules.

10. During the period with increasing charge atomic nucleus chemical elements exhibit:

  1. increase in atomic radius and increase in electronegativity value;
  2. an increase in atomic radius and a decrease in electronegativity;
  3. decrease in atomic radius and increase in electronegativity value;
  4. decrease in atomic radius and decrease in electronegativity value;

11. The main properties are enhanced in the series:

  1. NaOH - Mg(OH) 2 - Al(OH) 3,
  2. Be(OH) 2 - Mg(OH) 2 - Ca(OH) 2,
  3. Ba(OH) 2 - Sr(OH) 2 - Ca(OH) 2,
  4. Al(OH) 3 - Mg(OH) 2 - Be(OH) 2;

12. Rb and Sr have the same:

  1. atomic radii,
  2. relative electronegativity value,
  3. oxidation state,
  4. number of electronic layers;

13. Which statement from general characteristics properties of subgroups of alkali metals is not true:

  1. atoms of all elements contain external level one electron,
  2. these elements form simple substances - metals, which have the property of the photoelectric effect,
  3. The photoelectric effect is most pronounced in cesium,
  4. as the atomic number of the atoms of these elements increases, the hardness of the metals they form increases;

14. The element has the same numerical value, but the opposite charge of the oxidation state in a volatile hydrogen compound and in a higher oxide:

  1. carbon
  2. oxygen;

15. The properties of higher oxides of elements of the third period change as follows:

  1. from amphoteric through basic to acidic,
  2. from basic through acidic to amphoteric,
  3. from basic through amphoteric to acidic.
  4. from acidic through amphoteric to acidic;

16. Which of the following statements is true:

  1. all halogens exhibit only oxidizing properties,
  2. the chlorine atom has the highest electronegativity,
  3. fluorine exhibits only oxidizing properties,
  4. The oxidation state of fluorine in the F 2 O compound is +1.

1. In which series are the chemical elements arranged in order of increasing charges of atomic nuclei?
1) B, N, C 2) O, Se, S 3) Br, CI, F 4) Be, Mg, Ca

2. Has the greatest reducing activity
1) Si 2) P 3) S 4) CI

3. In what series of chemical elements B→ C→ N
1) metallic properties are enhanced
2) reducing properties weaken
3) electronegativity of atoms decreases
4) decreases highest degree oxidation in oxides
4. In what series are the chemical elements arranged in order of weakening of their non-metallic properties?
1) Be → B → C 2) Ga → AI → B 3) S → CI → Ar 4) CI → Br → I
5) In which series are the chemical elements arranged in increasing order of their atomic radii?
1) N, B, C 2) N, P, As 3) Na, Mg, K 4) B, Si, N
6) The lowest oxidation state in the series of chemical elements fluorine - oxygen - carbon
1) increases 2) does not change 3) decreases 4) changes periodically
7) The higher oxide composition EO is formed by all elements
1) IV A group 2) IIA group 3) IV period 4) II period
8) In the series of hydroxides B(OH)3 → AI(OH)3 → TI(OH)3 the properties of hydroxides vary from
1) basic to acidic 2) amphoteric to acidic
3) acidic to basic 4) amphoteric to basic

Please help me create a characterization of the chemical element sulfur.

Plan:
1. Chemical sign
2. Ordinal number, atomic mass (rel.) Ar
3. Period, group, subgroup (main, secondary)
4. Atomic structure, nuclear charge, amount of energy. levels, distribution of elements by level, electronic formulas, including graphic
5. Possible oxidation states
6. Comparison of the redox activity of an element with its neighbors by period and subgroup, reducing properties, oxidizing properties
7. Formulas of compounds (classes) that may contain this chemical. element
8.-
9.-
10.-
.........

Which of the following substances will hydrochloric acid react with: a) NaNo b) Na O c) Zn (OH) d) SO 3 2 2 2

2. Which of the given oxides will interact with aqueous solution sodium:

a) P O b) CuO c) MgO d) NO

3. Based on the position of the element in the periodic table, find a correspondence between the names of the elements and their characteristics:

1) Silicon a) Number of electrons in an atom 14

2) Sodium b) Forms volatile hydrogen connection

3) Sulfur composition RH

c) The distribution of electrons in the atom corresponds to row 2, 8.1.

d) Electronic formula of the element 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p

e) Among the named elements it exhibits the greatest non-metallic activity.

4. What type of bond will arise between elements whose nuclear charge is +3 and +9 when compounds are formed between them:

a) ionic

b) covalent polar

c) covalent nonpolar

d) metal

Select the main air pollutant:

a) N b) HO (steam) c) SO d) N e) NH

Please indicate which harmful consequences leads to an increase in its concentration in the atmosphere.

Determine the mass of carbon monoxide (IV) that can be obtained by reacting calcium carbonate with a mass of 7 g. With a solution of hydrochloric acid weighing 20 g, in which the mass fraction of HCI is 15%.

HELP PLEASE!!! AS SOON AS POSSIBLE!

Option 1

1) N, B, C 2) N, P, As 3) Na, Mg, K 4) B, Si, N

2. In an iron atom, the number of free 3d orbitals is equal to

3. Number of electrons in S 2- ion

4

1) Ca 2) K 3) Al 4) Mg

5.

1) Li 2) Fe 3) Na 4) Mg

Option 2

1. Chemical elements are arranged in increasing order of their atomic radii

1) K, Rb, Cs 2) Rb, Sr, In 3) Al, Na, Mg 4) O, S, Cl

2. In the main subgroups of the periodic table, the reducing ability of atoms of chemical elements increases with

1) increasing the number of neutrons in the nucleus

2) decreasing the radius of atoms

4) increasing the radius of atoms

3. Number of electrons in Fe 2+ ion

4 . Has the greatest restorative activity

1) Si 2) P 3) S 4) Cl

5. The highest oxide composition EO is formed by all elements

1) Group IVA 3) Period IV

2) Group IIV 4) Group IIA

Periodic law and periodic system

Option 3

1 .Chemical elements are arranged in increasing order of their atomic radii

1) Ga, Ge, As 2) Al, Ga, Ge 3) As, P, Ge 4) Se, As, Ge

2. In a zinc atom, the number of free 3d orbitals is equal to

3. Number of electrons in Sc 3+ ion

4 . Has the greatest restorative activity


1) In 2) Tl 3) Ga 4) Al

5. The highest oxide of composition EO2 is formed by all elements

1) Group IVA 3) Period IV

2) Group IIA 4) Period II

Periodic law and periodic system

Option 4

1. Chemical elements are arranged in increasing order of their atomic radii

1) Mn, Fe, Co 2) Mn, Cr, Fe 3) Al, Sc, Ti 4) Ni, Cr, Sc

2. In secondary subgroups of the periodic table, the reducing ability of atoms of chemical elements increases with

1) increasing the radius of atoms

2) decreasing the radius of atoms

3) an increase in the number of electrons at the external energy level

4) increasing nuclear charge

3. Number of electrons in Cl ion -

4 . Has the greatest restorative activity

1) Br 2) As 3) Ga 4) Ge

5. Which element has the most pronounced metallic properties?

1) K 2) Rb 3) Cs 4) Sr

Periodic law and periodic system

Option 5

1. Chemical elements are arranged in decreasing order of their atomic radii

1) Zn, Cd, Ca 2) Cl, Br, F 3) In, Sn, Sb 4) Br, Se, As

2. In a titanium atom, the number of free 3d orbitals is equal to

3. Number of electrons in Cu 2+ ion

4 . Has the greatest restorative activity

1) Mn 2) Ca 3) K 4) Rb

5. Which element has the most pronounced metallic properties?

1) Fe 2) Al 3) Ba 4) Ca

Periodic law and periodic system

Option 6

1 .Chemical elements are arranged in decreasing order of their atomic radii

1) Pb, Sn, Ge 2) Ga, In, Ta 3) K, Rb, Cs 4) Li, Na, K

2. In the main subgroups of the periodic system, the oxidizing ability of atoms of chemical elements increases with

1) increasing the number of energy levels

2) increasing the number of protons in the nucleus

3) decreasing the radius of the atom

4) increasing the number of valence electrons

3. In the N®P®Si®Al series

3) the highest oxidation state of elements increases

4 . The highest oxidation state in a series of chemical elements

gallium-germanium-arsenic-selenium

1) increases

2) does not change

3) decreases

4) first decreases, then increases

5. The highest oxide of composition E 2O3 is formed by all elements

1) IIIA group 3) VIA group

2) IVA group 4) VIIA group

Periodic law and periodic system

Option 7

Chemical elements are arranged in increasing order of their atomic radii

1) Ba, Cd, Ra 2) In, Pb, Sb 3) Cs, Na, H 4) Br, Se, As

2. In a chlorine atom, the number of free 3d orbitals is equal to

3. In the series С®Si®P®S

1) the number of energy levels in atoms increases

2) the metallic properties of the elements are enhanced

3) the highest oxidation state of elements decreases

4) the metallic properties of the elements weaken

4. The highest oxidation state in a series of chemical elements

indium-tin-antimony-tellurium

1) decreases

2) does not change

3) increases

4) first increases, then decreases

5. Which element has the most pronounced metallic properties?

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