Examples of exclamatory sentences in Russian. Declarative, interrogative and incentive sentences can be pronounced with different intonations. Exclamatory sentence

“It’s great that we are all here today!”, “What a wonderful day!” - in Russian we easily construct similar sentences to express surprise, joy and other strong feelings. But is there something similar in English? How to convey your emotions there?

Today we will talk about exclamatory sentences and how they are built in English.

So, In spoken language, we often convey our mood using tone. For writing there is an exclamation mark - "!".

It is he who makes it clear that the proposal carries a certain emotional charge. We often use exclamatory sentences to give vent to what is, as they say, boiling. With their help, we express surprise, shock, joy and other strong feelings.

What a big skyscraper!
What the hell is this!
Well, you're smart!

How is this effect achieved? Firstly, we add certain words (“what”, “what the”, “well and” and others), secondly, we change the order of words: for example, we say “Well, you’re smart!” not “Well, you’re smart!”

How are things going in English?

In English, similar sentences also exist. And, just like in Russian, “emotionality” in them arises thanks to:

• Additional words
  What - what?
  How - how?
• Changing word order

Let's look at several types of exclamatory sentences in English.

1. Exclamations with “What..!” ("Which..!")

1. Sentence diagram #1:

What + noun(a word denoting an object, phenomenon, etc.)

There is nothing complicated here: we just put item after what.

What an interesting story!
Which interesting story!

What a large room!
Which big room!

2. Scheme of proposal #2

What + verb(word denoting action)

We can also add an action to our subject. The action is placed after the subject:

What an interesting story you"ve told !
Which you told an interesting story!

What a large room he lives in!
IN Which he lives in a big room!

2. "Isn't it true?"

Sometimes we are so overwhelmed with emotions that we expect our interlocutor to share them. Let's say we make some observation, for example:

What a bright moon!
Ellen is resourceful, she can handle it.
The weather was warm.
My new bike will be cool.

When we expect that the interlocutor will most likely agree with us, we add to this phrase words like “after all,” “truth,” “isn’t it true,” “tell”:

What a bright moon, isn't it?
Ellen is resourceful, she can handle it.
Was the weather really warm?
Tell me my new bike will be cool!

In English, all these words come down to one single construction, which is connected as a “tail” at the end of the sentence. We take the main auxiliary verb indicating time (is/was/will be) and negate it:

The moon is bright.
The moon is bright.

The moon is bright, isn't"t?
The moon is bright not true whether?

The weather was warm.
The weather was warm.

The weather was warm, wasn't"t it?
Is it true, was the weather warm?

My new bike will be cool.
My new bike will be cool.

My new bike will be cool, won"t it?
Tell, will my new bike be cool?

If we had sentences with action, then we will have to “pull out” this verb, depending on what time it was.

If it’s real, then we take it out do.

The kids clean their teeth every day.
Children brush their teeth every day.

The kids clean their teeth every day, don't they?
Children brush their teeth every day that's right?

If it’s past, we pull it out. did.

She sent you the report.
She sent you a report.

She sent you the report, didn't she?
She after all sent you a report?

If the future is will.

Helen is resourceful, she will manage.
Helen is resourceful, she can handle it.

Helen is resourceful, she will manage, won't she?
Helen is resourceful, she after all will handle it Truth?

Such a “tail” is good to attach to exclamations with what:

What a bright moon, isn't it?
Which bright moon, is not it?

What a cool bike it will be, won't it?
Which it will be a cool bike Yes?

What a detailed report she sent, didn't she?
Which she sent a detailed report, Truth?

Read more about such issues in our article.

3. Exclamations with "How..!" (“How..!”, “What..!”)

Unlike what, how attaches only adjectives (that is, words denoting characteristics).

How interesting!
Before what Interesting!

How nice of you!
How nice of you!

However, we can make such exclamations a little more complicated. To do this, we need a structure that allows us to evaluate the action. For example:

It's good to have a car.

In English this is expressed using the construction:

It is + adjective + to + verb

Examples:

It is good to have a car.
It's good to have a car.

It is dangerous to climb a mountain without training.
Climbing a mountain without preparation is dangerous.

It was interesting to look into a real telescope.
It was interesting to look through a real telescope.

It was nice of you to bring me a donut.
It was nice of you to bring me a donut.

If we want to imbue these phrases with emotion using "How", then the order should be as follows:

How + it is/was/will be + to + action

Examples:

How interesting it was to look into a real telescope!
How interesting it was to look through a real telescope!

How nice of you it was to bring me a donut!
How nice of you to bring me a donut!

So we have looked at the main types of exclamations in English. Use them, and your speech will become livelier and more varied! :)

Unlike what, how only adjectives (i.e., words denoting characteristics) are attached to themselves.

Reinforcement task

Here are neutral phrases in English. Make them exclamation points!

1. It is a high price for such a small flat.
2. It is impolite.
3. We were happy after our victory.
4. I met a strange man today.
5. He gave me good advice.
6. So, Tom is late again. It's unsurprising.
7. This present is wonderful.
8. It will be great to live on Manhattan.

An exclamatory sentence is a sentence characterized by emotional coloring and increased expressiveness. Exclamatory sentences are distinguished by a specific intonation and timbre coloring; compare: Fire! We're on fire! They often contain interjections, particles, exclamatory pronominal words; compare: Well done! Oh, these are my helpers! That's what he told you! What a rain! What a scientist he is! Who didn't he ask?

Exclamatory sentences can be built according to special syntactic models with lost or weakened grammatical and lexical meanings of the components; compare: This motorcycle was given to you! Found time to dream! Many exclamatory sentences are characterized by reverse (inverse) word order; compare: My little head is gone! He will understand you! How sweet the south wind! In writing, an exclamation point is placed at the end of an exclamatory sentence.

Sentences of all communicative types can be used as exclamatory sentences: narrative, imperative and interrogative. In this case, the general content of the proposal is modified to one degree or another. In some cases, exclamation serves to express a high degree of attribute and enhance the degree of categoricalness of a statement or expression of will; compare: What a heavy rain! He will arrive tomorrow! Come back immediately! When did this happen! In other cases - with a different intonation - an exclamatory sentence can be understood in a meaning opposite to that conveyed by the literal meaning of the words.

Thus, affirmative narrative exclamatory sentences acquire a negative meaning or express the speaker’s negative attitude towards what is being communicated; compare: I'm going to get upset because of him!(=I won’t); She will go with you!(=won't go); You understand a lot!(=you don’t understand anything). A similar meaning of expressively colored negation can be expressed by interrogative non-negative sentences; compare: Why did he go there?(=there was no need to walk); What gardens these are!(= these are not gardens); Who needs it!(=no one needs); How do I know!(=I don’t know), while negative exclamatory sentences express an expressively colored statement; compare: Who doesn't know this!(=everyone knows); Where has he not been?(=been everywhere).

According to the degree of emotional coloring, sentences are classified into two types: exclamatory and non-exclamatory. The ability to correctly determine which one is suitable for a particular case will allow you to correctly understand the essence of the sentence, read it with the right intonation and put the required punctuation mark at the end.

Non-exclamatory sentences are those that imply an ordinary, everyday tone and the absence of a strong emotional component. At the end of such sentences there is a period. For example: It has been raining all day today. According to the schedule, the train will arrive in two hours.

Exclamatory sentences are those sentences that convey strong feelings and emotions of the speaker.

For example: We are very happy!

At the end of these sentences there is an exclamation mark, and their grammatical means are as follows:

1. Intonation expressing joy, delight, sadness, surprise, anger, excitement, fear and other pronounced feelings. The pronunciation of exclamatory sentences is carried out in a higher tone, with an emphasis on the word, which gives a greater emotional coloring.
2. Interjections.
3. Exclamatory particles of pronominal, adverbial or interjectional origin, giving the statement a characteristic emotional coloring: oh, well, well, how, where how, what for, which and others.

Using three exclamation points Typically, by using three exclamation points at the end of a sentence, the author expresses a high degree of emotional arousal. This way you can express joy or delight, anger or indignation. Sentences “Get out!!!” or “Go away and don’t come back!!!” talk about the deep feelings of the person who expresses them.

Depending on the purpose of the statement, sentences are distinguished: narrative, interrogative and incentive. These sentences do not require an answer, since it is contained in the question itself. In terms of intonation, the first sentence is non-exclamatory, and the second is exclamatory, expressing joy. 2. Based on the presence or absence of the main and minor members of the sentence in the sentence, common and non-common sentences are distinguished.

Interrogative sentences are those whose purpose is to encourage the interlocutor to express an idea that interests the speaker, i.e. their purpose is educational. Actually, interrogative sentences contain a question that requires a mandatory answer. For example: Have you written your will? Interrogative sentences can contain a negation of what is being asked; these are interrogative-negative sentences: What might you like here?

Using three exclamation marks

Interrogative-affirmative and interrogative-negative sentences can be combined into interrogative-narrative ones, since they have a transitional nature - from a question to a message. Interrogative sentences contain an incentive to action expressed through a question. Interrogative rhetorical sentences contain an affirmation or a negation.

L.); But who will penetrate into the depths of the seas and into the heart, where there is melancholy, but no passions? Essentially, interrogative-rhetorical questions also include counter questions (answer in the form of a question): - Tell me, Stepan, did you marry for love? - asked Masha. - What kind of love do we have in our village? A question in an interrogative sentence may be accompanied by additional shades of a modal nature - uncertainty, doubt, distrust, surprise, etc. For example: How, did you stop loving her?

P.); And how could she let Kuragin do this? The predicate in an incentive sentence can be an infinitive, for example: Call Bertrand (Bl.); Don't you dare annoy me! In colloquial speech, incentive sentences are often used without verbal expression of the predicate - a verb in the form of an imperative mood, clear from the context or situation. These are peculiar forms of sentences in living speech with a leading word - a noun, adverb or infinitive.

Exclamatory sentences are sentences that are emotionally charged, which is conveyed by a special exclamatory intonation. Uncommon is a sentence that has only the positions of the main members - subject and predicate, for example: Several years have passed (P.); It was noon (Shol.); It began to get light (Prishv.); Silence.

Sentences that, along with the main ones, have positions of secondary members are called common, for example: Meanwhile, the sun rose quite high. Distributors of a proposal are generally called determinants. Non-exclamatory sentences are those that imply an ordinary, everyday tone and the absence of a strong emotional component. Exclamatory sentences are those sentences that convey strong feelings and emotions of the speaker.

Exclamatory particles of pronominal, adverbial or interjectional origin, giving the statement a characteristic emotional coloring: oh, well, well, how, where how, what for, which and others. Typically, by using 3 exclamation marks at the end of a sentence, the author expresses a high degree of emotional excitement. Sentences “Get out!!!” or “Go away and don’t come back!!!” talk about the deep feelings of the person who expresses them.

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Interrogative sentences contain a question. The purpose of an interrogative sentence is to communicate that the speaker wants to find out something from the listener, to find out something. By asking a question, the speaker hopes to receive an answer, which is why interrogative sentences are often found in dialogues. Interrogative sentences are divided into general interrogative and private interrogative.

Declarative, interrogative and incentive sentences can be pronounced with different intonation

Incentive sentences contain an incentive, command, request, call, advice to do something addressed to the listener. The purpose of an incentive sentence is to influence the interlocutor, to force him to do something.

The role of the predicate in an incentive sentence is often played by a verb in the form of the imperative mood: Let me die in peace in my beloved homeland, loving everything! S.A. Yesenin). However, in the Russian language there are many other ways of formally expressing will: particles, subjunctive mood of the verb, modal verbs, intonation, etc.

Sentences of all communicative types can be used as exclamatory sentences: narrative, imperative and interrogative.

Sentences in which we want to tell something, narrate about something - these are narrative sentences. Let's find a sentence in which the son asks his mother, encourages him to do something. This is an incentive offer. Wake up - help to wake up (hence the word alarm clock), and therefore begin to act; Inducement is a push to action, which is why they called the proposals incentive.

Sentences vary not only in why and for what purpose we speak, but also in how we do it: calmly or with a special feeling. Sentences in which feelings are noticeably expressed (joy, delight, fear, surprise, grief, annoyance) are pronounced with an exclamatory intonation.

Narrative sentences are those that contain a message about some fact of reality, phenomenon, event, etc. Incentive sentences are those that express the will of the speaker. Make up declarative, interrogative and incentive sentences from the words.

Interrogative sentences contain a question. The purpose of an interrogative sentence is to communicate that the speaker wants to find out something from the listener, to find out something. By asking a question, the speaker hopes to receive an answer, which is why interrogative sentences are often found in dialogues.

In the design of an interrogative sentence, special linguistic means are used:

• interrogative pronouns (what, which, which, whose, etc.),
• interrogative particles (whether, really, etc.),
• special intonation.

In writing, a question mark is placed at the end of an interrogative sentence.

Interrogative sentences are divided into general interrogative and private interrogative. The purpose of general interrogative sentences is to learn about the situation as a whole. The answer to them will be yes or no. For example: Have you read this book? Particularly interrogative sentences request some specific information about the character, attribute, quantity, etc., i.e. the speaker, knowing about the situation as a whole, wants to find out some details: What do you think about this? How are you doing? Particular interrogative sentences actively use interrogative words and particles.

A special group is represented by alternative questions, which are similar in form to general interrogative sentences (no interrogative pronouns), but the answer to them cannot be given in the form of confirmation (yes) or denial (no): Is your brother a schoolboy or a student?

There are interrogative sentences that do not imply an answer, but express various modal-expressive meanings. In form they are interrogative sentences, but in content they are an affirmation or denial of something, an incentive to action, etc. These are rhetorical questions (often of an expressive-emotional nature). For example: Is it possible to treat your own mother like that?!

Exclamatory sentences express the speaker’s emotions, his feelings towards the message (joy, excitement, indignation, surprise, etc.). Exclamatory, that is, having an emotional connotation, can be any sentence according to the purpose of the statement: narrative, interrogative and incentive.

Types of sentences according to the purpose of the statement and emotional coloring

In the design of an exclamatory sentence, various means are used: exclamatory or intensifying particles (well, really, really, etc.), a special type of intonation (high intensity of pronunciation, raising the main tone towards the end of the phrase, etc.). At the end of an exclamation sentence, an exclamation point is placed on the letter.

Non-exclamatory sentences are neutral sentences without emotional overtones. Material from the site

Incentive offers contain an incentive, command, request, call, advice to do something addressed to the listener. The purpose of an incentive sentence is to influence the interlocutor, to force him to do something. This type of sentence is characterized by a specific intonation, which changes depending on what type of incentive is being implemented: request, advice, warning, etc.

The role of the predicate in an incentive sentence is often played by a verb in the form of an imperative mood: Let me die in peace in my beloved homeland, loving everything! (S.A. Yesenin). However, in the Russian language there are many other ways of formally expressing the will: particles, subjunctive mood of the verb, modal verbs, intonation, etc. For example: " May there always be sunshine!", "Could you close the door?", "You should shut up!", "Come on, go to bed!", " Quiet! Get out!" etc.

In writing, a period or exclamation point is placed at the end of the incentive sentence.

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On this page there is material on the following topics:

• what a beautiful book, narrative or motivational.
• can a sentence be interrogative and not exclamatory?
• narrative, exclamatory, interrogative, incentive sentence for children 1st grade
• the role of incentive sentences in an essay text
• let's hope this is an incentive offer

According to the degree of emotional coloring, sentences are classified into two types: exclamatory and non-exclamatory. The ability to correctly determine which one is suitable for a particular case will allow you to correctly understand the essence of the sentence, read it with the right intonation and put the required punctuation mark at the end.

Non-exclamatory sentences are those that imply an ordinary, everyday tone and the absence of a strong emotional component. At the end of such sentences there is a period. For example: It's been raining all day today. According to the schedule, the train will arrive in two hours.

Exclamatory sentences are those sentences that convey strong feelings and emotions of the speaker. For example: We are very happy!

At the end of these sentences there is an exclamation mark, and their grammatical means are as follows:

1. Intonation, expressing joy, delight, sadness, surprise, anger, excitement, fear and other pronounced feelings. The pronunciation of exclamatory sentences is carried out in a higher tone, with an emphasis on the word, which gives a greater emotional coloring.

   For example: He acted so vilely! We were completely delighted with the excursion! Nobody expected such a development of events! She was seriously scared!

2. Interjections.

   For example: Wow, what a beauty! Ah, I am amazed to the core! Eh, but we were so close to the goal!

3. Exclamation marks particles pronominal, adverbial or interjectional origin, giving the statement a characteristic emotional coloring: oh, well, well, how, where how, what for, which and others.

   For example: What an extraordinary house! Oh, wow! Well, well, what a surprise! Ugh, what disgusting!

Using three exclamation marks

Typically, by using 3 exclamation marks at the end of a sentence, the author expresses a high degree of emotional excitement. This way you can express joy or delight, anger or indignation. Sentences “Get out!!!” or “Go away and don’t come back!!!” talk about the deep feelings of the person who expresses them.