Masculine rhyme. Male and female rhyme. See what "Male rhyme" is in other dictionaries

Masculine rhyme

MALE´ I RI´ FMA- rhymed words ending in a stressed syllable. Open M. of river differ. with a vowel sound at the end (soul - breathing, window - long ago) and closed M. p., ending in a consonant sound (the wolf - fell silent, the door - the beast). Usually in the poems of M. r. alternate with feminine or dactylic rhymes. But sometimes poets write poems or even poems sustained only in M. r. Such is M. Lermontov's poem "Mtsyri", where the continuous M. r. gives the work a character of energy and masculinity; here is the beginning of "Mtsyri":

Not many years ago

Where merging, they make noise,

Hugging like two sisters

Jets of Aragva and Kura,

There was a monastery. Because of the mountain

And now he sees a pedestrian

Collapsed gate pillars

And the towers, and the church vault ...

Some chapters of A. Tvardovsky's poem "Country of the Ant" are sustained in M. R., for example, the beginning of the poem:

From morning to noon he rides,

The road is far.

The light is white from four sides,

Above are clouds.

Longing for the native warmth,

A chain away

They fly, and what is there on earth, -

Cranes don't know.

Poetic dictionary. - M.: Soviet Encyclopedia. Kvyatkovsky A.P., scientific. ed. I. Rodnyanskaya. 1966 .

See what "male rhyme" is in other dictionaries:

Masculine rhyme- see Rhyme. Literary encyclopedia. In 11 tons; M .: publishing house of the Communist Academy, Soviet Encyclopedia, Fiction. Edited by V. M. Friche, A. V. Lunacharsky. 1929 1939 ... Literary Encyclopedia

Masculine rhyme- Main article: Rhyme Male rhyme is a kind of rhyme in which the stress falls on the last syllable of rhyming words. The bread in the fields did not ripen, but disappeared, There was a famine, the people were dying ... Vasily Zhukovsky (translated from Robert Southey) In ... ... Wikipedia

masculine rhyme- rhyme with stress on the last syllable. Heading: structure of a poetic work Antonym/correlative: feminine rhyme Genus: rhyme Example: fire palm of goodness ribs Lermontov's poem Mtsyri is written in iambic tetrameter, with normal for this size ... ... Terminological dictionary-thesaurus on literary criticism

masculine rhyme- a rhyme with an accent on the last syllable, for example: And he clung to my lips And tore out my sinful tongue. A.S. Pushkin See also clause ... Dictionary of literary terms

masculine rhyme- Rhyme with stress on the last syllable ... Dictionary of many expressions

RHYME- (Greek rhythmos). Consonance of words with which poems end; monotonous end of the verse. Dictionary foreign words included in the Russian language. Chudinov A.N., 1910. Rhyme in Greek. rhythmos. Consonant ending of verses. Explanation of 25000… … Dictionary of foreign words of the Russian language

RHYME- Rhyme, rhymes, women. (Greek rhythmos) (lit.). In versification, the consonance of the ends of poetic lines. Masculine rhyme (with emphasis on the last syllable), feminine rhyme (on the penultimate syllable), dactylic rhyme (on the third from the end). rich poor rhyme.… … Explanatory Dictionary of Ushakov

Falls on the last syllable of rhyming words.

In the Russian poetic tradition, it is more often used in alternation with female rhyme, however, there are also poems built only on male rhyme:

Today is a bad day
The grasshopper choir sleeps
And gloomy rocks canopy -
Darker than tombstones.

Osip Mandelstam

Lermontov's poem "Mtsyri" was written exclusively in masculine rhyme.

Designation

If a form has a special way of rhyming and it is important to indicate which lines have a masculine rhyme, then lowercase letters are used. So for the first poem the rhyme pattern is: aa, and for the second: abab, as opposed to feminine rhymes, which are indicated by capital letters.

see also

Wikimedia Foundation. 2010 .

See what "Male rhyme" is in other dictionaries:

See rhyme. Literary encyclopedia. In 11 tons; M .: publishing house of the Communist Academy, Soviet Encyclopedia, Fiction. Edited by V. M. Friche, A. V. Lunacharsky. 1929 1939 ... Literary Encyclopedia

masculine rhyme- rhyme with stress on the last syllable. Heading: structure of a poetic work Antonym / correlate: female rhyme Genus: rhyme Example: fire palm of goodness ribs Lermontov's poem Mtsyri is written in iambic tetrameter, with normal for this size ... ...

masculine rhyme- a rhyme with an accent on the last syllable, for example: And he clung to my lips And tore out my sinful tongue. A.S. Pushkin See also clause ... Dictionary of literary terms

masculine rhyme- Rhyme with stress on the last syllable ... Dictionary of many expressions

masculine rhyme- MEN'S RI'FMA rhymed words ending in a stressed syllable. Open M. of river differ. with a vowel sound at the end (the soul is breathing, the window has long been) and a closed M. p., ending in a consonant sound (the wolf is silent, the door is a beast). Usually in… … Poetic dictionary

- (Greek rhythmos). Consonance of words with which poems end; monotonous end of the verse. Dictionary of foreign words included in the Russian language. Chudinov A.N., 1910. Rhyme in Greek. rhythmos. Consonant ending of verses. Explanation of 25000… … Dictionary of foreign words of the Russian language

Rhyme, rhymes, female (Greek rhythmos) (lit.). In versification, the consonance of the ends of poetic lines. Masculine rhyme (with emphasis on the last syllable), feminine rhyme (on the penultimate syllable), dactylic rhyme (on the third from the end). Rich, poor rhyme. ... ... Explanatory Dictionary of Ushakov

rhyme- (from the Greek rhythmos proportionality) the consonance of the ends of verses (or half-verses), marking their boundaries and linking them together. Heading: structure of a poetic work Whole: sound organization of a verse Type: poor rhyme, rich rhyme ... Terminological dictionary-thesaurus on literary criticism

When writing this article, material from the Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron (1890 1907) was used. Wiktionary has an entry for rhyme... Wikipedia

rhyme male- see male rhyme ... Terminological dictionary-thesaurus on literary criticism

MASCULINE RHYME

A rhyme with an accent on the last syllable, for example:

And he clung to my lips

And pulled out my sinful tongue.

A.S. Pushkin

See also clause

Dictionary of literary terms. 2012

See also interpretations, synonyms, meanings of the word and what is MALE RHYME in Russian in dictionaries, encyclopedias and reference books:

• MASCULINE RHYME in the Literary Encyclopedia:
  cm. …
• RHYME in Wiki Quote:
  Data: 2008-01-05 Time: 18:35:52 * It is impossible for him to glorify himself with his letter, Who does not know the grammatical properties, nor the rules And, ...
• RHYME in the Bible Encyclopedia of Nicephorus:
  (place of bushes; Numbers 33:18-19) - one of the camps of the Jews during their wandering on the way to the land of Canaan. His position...
• RHYME in the Dictionary of Literary Terms:
  - (from Greek rhythmos - proportionality) - the same or similar sounding of the ends of two or more poetic lines, marking their boundaries ...
• RHYME in the Literary Encyclopedia:
  sound repetition at the end of the rhythmic unit: “My uncle of the most honest rules, When in earnest for | it was impossible, 705 He respect himself ...
• RHYME
  (from the Greek rhythmos - harmony proportion), the consonance of the ends of verses (or half-verses, the so-called internal rhyme), marking their boundaries and connecting ...
• RHYME
  (from the Greek rhythmos - harmony, proportion), the consonance of poetic lines, which has a phonic, metrical and compositional meaning. R. emphasizes the border between verses ...
• RHYME
  (Debatable origin: from Greek ruJmoV or Old German rim, number) - consonance at the end of two or more verses. While …
• RHYME in the Modern Encyclopedic Dictionary:
  (from the Greek rhythmos - consistency, proportion), the consonance of the ends of verses (or half-verses, the so-called internal rhyme), marking their boundaries and connecting ...
• RHYME
  [from Greek proportionality, consistency] in versification, the consonance of the endings of words that complete the poetic line; for rhyme, the consonance of the last vowel and the following ...
• RHYME in the Encyclopedic Dictionary:
  s, w. Consonance of the ends of poetic lines. Accurate r. Rhyme - choose words to rhyme. To rhyme is to rhyme. …
• RHYME V encyclopedic dictionary:
  , -s, w. Consonance of the ends of poetic lines. Male r. (with emphasis on the last syllable of the verse). Women's river (with emphasis on...
• RHYME in the Big Russian Encyclopedic Dictionary:
  RIFMA (from the Greek rhythmos - consistency, proportion), the consonance of the ends of verses (or half-verses, the so-called internal R.), marking their boundaries and connecting ...
• RHYME in Collier's Dictionary:
  the use of similar-sounding words, as a rule, at the ends of poetic lines, as well as these words themselves. The most common type of rhyme...
• RHYME in the Full accentuated paradigm according to Zaliznyak:
  ri"fma, ri"fma, ri"fma, ri"fm, ri"fme, ri"fmam, ri"fma, ri"fma, ri"fmoy, ri"fmoyu, ri"fmai, ri"fme, ...
• RHYME in the Anagram Dictionary.
• RHYME
  She turns prose into...
• RHYME in the Dictionary for solving and compiling scanwords:
  Consonant endings...
• RHYME in the New Dictionary of Foreign Words:
  (gr. rhythmos measured movement) consonance (most often poetic endings), rhythmic repetition based on sound identity or similarity of a stressed syllable; …
• RHYME in the Dictionary of Foreign Expressions:
  [ consonance (most often poetic endings), rhythmic repetition based on sound identity or similarity of a stressed syllable; at the place of the stressed syllable ...
• RHYME in the dictionary of Synonyms of the Russian language:
  assonance, consonance, consonance, ...
• RHYME in the New explanatory and derivational dictionary of the Russian language Efremova:
  
• RHYME in the Dictionary of the Russian Language Lopatin:
  rhyme, ...
• RHYME in the Complete Spelling Dictionary of the Russian Language:
  rhyme...
• RHYME in the Spelling Dictionary:
  rhyme, ...
• RHYME in the Dictionary of the Russian Language Ozhegov:
  consonance of the ends of poetic lines Male r. (with emphasis on the last syllable of the verse). Women's river (with emphasis on the penultimate syllable of the verse). …
• RHYME in the Dahl Dictionary:
  female , Greek monotony of final syllables, in verse, red warehouse. The Hellenes had no rhyme, but only rhythm, meter...
• RHYME in Modern explanatory dictionary, TSB:
  (from Greek rhythmos - consistency, proportion), the consonance of the ends of verses (or half-verses, the so-called internal rhyme), marking their boundaries and connecting ...
• RHYME in the Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language Ushakov:
  rhymes, w. (Greek rhythmos) (lit.). In versification - the consonance of the ends of poetic lines. Male rhyme (with emphasis on the last syllable), female ...
• RHYME in the Explanatory Dictionary of Efremova:
  rhyme The consonance of the ends of poetic lines (in ...
• RHYME in the New Dictionary of the Russian Language Efremova:
  and. The consonance of the ends of poetic lines (in ...
• RHYME in the Big Modern Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language:
  and. Consonance of the ends of poetic lines (in versification) ...
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Rhyme and its varieties

Rhyme is the repetition of more or less similar combinations of sounds that connect the endings of two or more lines or symmetrically arranged parts of poetic lines. In classical Russian versification, the main feature of rhyme is the coincidence of stressed vowels. The rhyme marks the end of the verse (clause) with a sound repetition, emphasizing the pause between the lines, and thus the rhythm of the verse.

Depending on the location of stresses in rhyming words, rhyme can be: masculine, feminine, dactylic, hyperdactylic, exact and inexact.

Masculine rhyme

Masculine - rhyme with stress on the last syllable in the line.

Both the sea and the storm rocked our boat;

I, sleepy, was betrayed by every whim of the waves.

Two infinities were in me,

And they arbitrarily played with me.

Feminine rhyme

Feminine - with stress on the penultimate syllable in the line.

Quiet night, late summer

How the stars shine in the sky

As under their gloomy light

Dormant fields are ripening.

Dactylic rhyme

Dactylic - with an accent on the third syllable from the end of the line, which repeats the dactyl pattern - -_ _ (stressed, unstressed, unstressed), which, in fact, is the reason for the name of this rhyme.

A girl in a field with a willow pipe,

Why did you hurt the spring branch?

She cries at her lips like a morning oriole,

weeping more and more bitterly and more and more inconsolably.

Hyperdactylic rhyme

Hyperdactylic - with stress on the fourth and subsequent syllables from the end of the line. This rhyme is very rare in practice. It appeared in the works of oral folklore, where the size as such is not always visible. The fourth syllable from the end of the verse is no joke! Well, an example of such a rhyme sounds like this:

Goblin scratches his beard,

The stick is hewn gloomily.

Depending on the coincidence of sounds, rhymes are distinguished exact and inexact.

Rhyme is exact and inexact

Rhyme - the repetition of more or less similar combinations of sounds at the endings of poetic lines or symmetrically located parts of poetic lines; in Russian classical versification, the main feature of rhyme is the coincidence of stressed vowels.

(O.S. Akhmanova, Dictionary of Linguistic Terms, 1969)

Why was Dunno wrong when he said that "a stick is a herring" is also a rhyme? Because he did not know that in fact it is not sounds that rhyme, but phonemes (sound is a particular realization of a phoneme) (R. Jacobson), which have a number of distinctive features. And the coincidence of some of these features is enough to make rhyming sound possible. The fewer coinciding features of the phoneme, the more distant, the "worse" the consonance.

Consonant phonemes are distinguished:

1) at the place of education

2) according to the method of education

4) by hardness and softness

5) by deafness and sonority

These signs are obviously unequal. So, the phoneme P coincides with the phoneme B in all respects, except for deafness-voicedness (P - deaf, B - voiced). Such a difference creates an "almost" exact rhyme: okoPs are individuals. Phonemes P and T differ in the place of formation (labial and anterior lingual). OkoPe - osoTe - is also perceived as a rhyming sound, although more distant.

The first three features create more significant phoneme differences than the last two. It is possible to designate the difference of phonemes according to the first three features as two conventional units (c.u.); on the last two - as one. Phonemes that differ by 1-2 c.u. are consonant. Differences of 3 or more units do not hold consonance to our ears. For example: P and G differ by three c.u. (place of formation - by 2, deafness-voicedness - by 1). And trenches - legs can hardly be considered a rhyme in our time. Even less - trenches - roses, where P and Z differ by 4 c.u. (place of education, method of education).

So, we note the rows of consonant consonants. These are, first of all, pairs of hard and soft: T - T", K - K", C - C ", etc., but such substitutions are rarely resorted to, so out of three pairs of rhymes "otkoS" e - poCy ", "slopes - dews" and "slopes - roses" are more preferable the second and third options.

Replacing the deaf-voiced is perhaps the most common: P-B, T-D, K-G, S-Z, W-F, F-V (God - deep, bends - limes, dragonflies - braids, people - plaque ).

The stop (method of formation) P-T-K (deaf) and B-D-G (voiced) respond well to each other. The corresponding two rows of fricatives are Ф-С-Ш-Х (voiceless) and В-З-Ж (voiced). X has no voiced counterpart, but goes well and often with K. B-V and B-M are equivalent. Very productive M-N-L-R in various combinations. Soft variants of the latter are often combined with J and B (Russians [Russians] - blue - strength - beautiful).

So, finishing our conversation about exact and inexact rhyme, we repeat that exact rhyme is when the vowels and consonants included in the consonant endings of the verses basically coincide. The accuracy of the rhyme also increases from the consonance of consonants immediately preceding the last stressed vowels in rhyming verses. Inaccurate rhyme is based on the consonance of one, less often two sounds.

Rhyming systems

Previously, in the school literature course, they necessarily studied the basic methods of rhyming in order to give knowledge about the diversity of the position in the stanza of rhyming pairs (or more) of words, which should be of help to anyone who writes poetry at least once in his life. But everything is forgotten, and the bulk of the authors are somehow in no hurry to diversify their stanzas.

Adjacent - rhyming of adjacent verses: the first with the second, the third with the fourth (aabb) (the endings of the verses that rhyme with each other are indicated by the same letters).

This is the most common and obvious rhyming system. This method is subject even to children in kindergarten and has an advantage in the selection of rhymes (an associative pair appears in the mind immediately, it is not clogged with intermediate lines). Such stanzas have greater dynamics, the fastest pace of reading.

Weaved on the lake the scarlet light of dawn,

Capercaillie are crying in the forest with bells.

An oriole is crying somewhere, hiding in a hollow.

Only I don’t cry - my heart is light.

The next method - cross-rhyming - also appealed to a large number of the writing public.

Cross - rhyming of the first verse with the third, the second - with the fourth (abab)

Although the scheme of such a rhyme seems to be a little more complicated, it is more flexible in terms of rhythm and allows you to better convey the necessary mood. Yes, and such verses are easier to learn - the first pair of lines, as it were, pulls out of memory the second pair that rhymes with it (while with the previous method everything breaks up into separate couplets).

I love the storm in early May,

When the first spring thunder

As if frolicking and playing,

Rumbles in the blue sky.

The third method - ring (in other sources - belted, embracing) - already has a smaller representation in the total mass of poems.

Ring (belted, embracing) - the first verse - with the fourth, and the second - with the third. (abba)

Such a scheme can be given to beginners a little more difficult (the first line is, as it were, overwritten by the next pair of rhyming lines).

I looked, standing over the Neva,

Like Isaac the giant

In the frosty haze

The golden dome shone.

And finally, the woven rhyme has many patterns. This is a common name for complex types of rhyming, for example: abvabv, abvvba, etc.

Far from the sun and nature

Far from light and art

Far away from life and love

Your younger years will flash,

Feelings that are alive will die,

Your dreams will shatter.

In conclusion, it is useful to note that it is not always necessary to adhere so rigidly, strictly and dogmatically to certain canonical forms and patterns, because, as in any kind of art, in poetry there is always a place for the original. But, nevertheless, before rushing into the unrestrained inventing of something new and not entirely known, it always does not hurt to make sure that you are still familiar with the basic canons.

stanzas

Stropha - from the Greek. strophe - turnover, whirling. Such a complex rhythmic unit of poetic works as a stanza is based on the order of arrangement of rhymes in verse.

A stanza is a group of verses with a specific arrangement of rhymes, usually repeated in other equal groups. In most cases, a stanza is a complete syntactic whole.

The most common types of stanzas in classical poetry of the past were: quatrains, octaves, terts. The smallest of the stanzas is a couplet.

There are also stanzas:

Onegin

ballad

odic

limericks

quatrains

The quatrain (quatrain) is the most common type of stanza, familiar to everyone from early childhood. Popular because of the abundance of rhyming systems.

Octaves

An octave is an eight-line stanza in which the first verse rhymes with the third and fifth, the second verse with the fourth and sixth, and the seventh verse with the eighth.

Octave pattern: abababww

At six years old he was a very cute child

And even, childishly, he was naughty;

At twelve he looked despondent

And although he was good, he was somehow frail.

Inessa said proudly

That the method in it changed nature:

The young philosopher, despite the years,

He was quiet and modest, as if by nature.

I confess to you, hitherto I am inclined

Do not trust Inessa's theories.

We were friends with her husband;

I know very complex excesses

Gives birth to an unsuccessful family,

When the father is the character of a rake,

And mother is a hypocrite. Not without reason

A son turns into a father with inclinations!

Falls on the last syllable of rhyming words.

In the Russian poetic tradition, it is more often used in alternation with female rhyme, however, there are also poems built only on male rhyme:

Today is a bad day
The grasshopper choir sleeps
And gloomy rocks canopy -
Darker than tombstones.

Osip Mandelstam

Lermontov's poem "Mtsyri" was written exclusively in masculine rhyme.

Designation

If a form has a special way of rhyming and it is important to indicate which lines have a masculine rhyme, then lowercase letters are used. So for the first poem the rhyme pattern is: aa, and for the second: abab, as opposed to feminine rhymes, which are indicated by capital letters.

see also

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