Adjustment of cadastral value of land plot budget accounting. Budget postings in autonomous institutions. How to reflect the revaluation of fixed assets in accounting

I.V. Artemova,
chief accountant, consultant

A land plot is a special property of institutions for which special types of property rights are established - permanent perpetual use or gratuitous use. Registration of land plots and changes in cadastral value also have their own nuances.

Land and land use

State (municipal) institutions participate in land relations as land users (Part 3 of Article 5 of the Land Code of the Russian Federation, hereinafter referred to as the Land Code of the Russian Federation), that is, persons who own and use land plots with the right of permanent (perpetual) use or free use, or as tenants.
A land plot necessary for an autonomous or budgetary institution to fulfill its statutory tasks is provided to it with the right of permanent (indefinite) use (Part 7, Article 3 of the Federal Law of November 3, 2006 No. 174-FZ “On Autonomous Institutions”, Part 9 of Art. 9.2 of the Federal Law of January 12, 1996 No. 7-FZ “On Non-Profit Organizations”).
A state (municipal) institution may be provided with an existing site or a newly formed site.
Land plots are formed during the division, merger, redistribution of land plots or allocation from land plots, as well as from lands in state or municipal ownership (Part 1 of Article 11.2 of the Land Code of the Russian Federation).
Moreover, if a land plot is formed from several land plots that are in state or municipal ownership and is provided to a state (municipal) institution, then the consent of land users, landowners, tenants, mortgagees of the original land plots is not required (Part 4 of Article 11.2 of the Land Code of the Russian Federation) .
Land plots in state or municipal ownership are provided for permanent (indefinite) use on the basis of a decision of a state authority or local government (clause 1, part 1, article 39.1 of the Land Code of the Russian Federation).
Rights to land plots are subject to state registration in accordance with Federal Law No. 122-FZ of July 21, 1997 “On state registration of rights to real estate and transactions with it” (Part 1, Article 25 of the Land Code of the Russian Federation).
The circle of recipients of land for permanent (indefinite) use is strictly limited. According to Part 2 of Art. 39.9 of the Land Code of the Russian Federation, land plots that are in state or municipal ownership are provided for permanent (indefinite) use exclusively:
1) state authorities and local governments;
2) state and municipal institutions (budgetary, government, autonomous);
3) state-owned enterprises;
4) centers of historical heritage of presidents of the Russian Federation who have ceased to exercise their powers.
The decision to provide a land plot for permanent (indefinite) use shall indicate the cadastral number of the land plot, as well as the name of the institution and its state registration number of the entry on the state registration of the legal entity in the unified state register of legal entities.

In accordance with current legislation, the cadastral value of a plot of land can be adjusted if the qualitative and (or) quantitative characteristics change, as well as on the basis of a decision of the court or dispute resolution commission on the results of determining the cadastral value. In the article, 1C experts consider, using the example of a budgetary institution, how to reflect in accounting in the program “1C: Public Institution Accounting 8” a change in the cadastral value of land plots used by state (municipal) institutions on the right of permanent (perpetual) use.

Regulatory regulation

According to paragraph 71 of the Instructions for the use of the Unified Chart of Accounts, approved. By order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated December 1, 2010 No. 157n, land plots used by institutions on the right of permanent (perpetual) use (including those located under real estate) are accounted for in the corresponding analytical accounting account of account 10300 “Non-produced assets” on the basis of a document (certificate) , confirming the right to use a land plot located on the territory of the Russian Federation, at their cadastral value.

In accordance with the Land Code of the Russian Federation, the use of land in the Russian Federation is paid. The forms of payment for the use of land are land tax (before the implementation of the real estate tax) and rent (clause 1 of Article 65 of the Land Code of the Russian Federation).

For tax purposes and in other cases provided for by the Land Code of the Russian Federation and federal laws, the cadastral value of a land plot is established. The cadastral value of a land plot can also be used to determine the rent for a land plot that is in state or municipal ownership (clause 5 of Article 65 of the Land Code of the Russian Federation).

To establish the cadastral value of land plots, a state cadastral valuation of land is carried out (clause 2 of article 66 of the Land Code of the Russian Federation). Cadastral valuation of land is carried out on the basis of a decision of the executive body of state power of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation or in cases established by the legislation of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation, by decision of a local government body, the assessment results are entered into the state real estate cadastre (Article 24.12 of the Federal Law of July 29, 1998 No. 135-FZ " On appraisal activities in the Russian Federation"). Information on the cadastral value of real estate is information from the federal state information resource (state real estate cadastre), is publicly available and is used to determine tax and other payments. According to paragraph 1.2 of the Methodological Instructions for State Cadastral Valuation, approved. By order of the Ministry of Economic Development of Russia dated 06/07/2016 No. 358, the cadastral value of a real estate property is determined for the purposes provided for by the legislation of the Russian Federation, including for taxation, on the basis of market and other information related to the economic characteristics of its use, without taking into account anything other than property rights, property rights to this object. The cadastral value represents the most probable price of a real estate object at which it can be purchased based on the possibility of continuing the actual type of its use, regardless of restrictions on the disposal of this object.

When the qualitative and (or) quantitative characteristics of real estate objects change, entailing a change in their cadastral value, the body performing the functions of state cadastral valuation determines the cadastral value of real estate objects. The corresponding changes are made to the Unified State Register of Real Estate and Real Estate Objects (USRN) (Article 24.19 of the Law on Valuation Activities). The results of determining the cadastral value can be challenged by legal entities and individuals if the results of determining the cadastral value affect the rights and obligations of these persons, as well as by state authorities, local governments in relation to real estate objects that are in state or municipal ownership, in court and commission for the consideration of disputes about the results of determining the cadastral value (hereinafter referred to as the commission) (Article 24.18 of the Law on Valuation Activities). Thus, the cadastral value can be changed by decision of a court or commission. Information about changes in cadastral value based on a decision of a commission or court, including the date of filing the corresponding application for revision of cadastral value, is subject to entry into the Unified State Register of Real Estate in accordance with Federal Law No. 218-FZ dated July 13, 2015 “On State Registration of Real Estate.”

By Order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated November 16, 2016 No. 209n (clause 2.9), paragraph 28 of Instruction No. 157n was supplemented with the following provision: “Changes in the value of land plots accounted for as non-financial assets due to changes in their cadastral value are reflected in the accounting records of the financial year in which these changes occurred, with these changes reflected in the accounting (financial) statements.”

According to the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated 02/07/2008 No. 52 “On the procedure for bringing the cadastral value of land plots to the attention of taxpayers,” information about the cadastral value of land plots for tax purposes is posted on the official website of the Federal Real Estate Cadastre Agency on the Internet. But this norm came into force only in 2017. The Federal Tax Service of Russia, by letter dated 02/07/2017 No. BS-4-21/2140@, informed territorial divisions about the implementation on the official website of Rosreestr (www.rosreestr.ru) of the possibility of obtaining an extract from the Unified State Register of Real Estate on the cadastral value of land plots. The letter also noted that the information on the cadastral value contained in the extract can be used for tax administration purposes, including updating information in the databases of tax authorities.

Thus, it is now possible to timely adjust the value of a land plot by receiving an extract from the Unified State Register of Real Estate.

If information about changes in cadastral value was received by the institution late, when reflecting changes in accounting, you should be guided by paragraph 3 of Instruction No. 157n: “accounting data and the reporting of accounting entities generated on their basis are formed taking into account the materiality of the facts of economic life that have had or may have an impact on the financial condition, cash flow or results of operations of the institution and took place in the period between the reporting date and the date of signing the accounting ( financial) reporting (hereinafter referred to as an event after the reporting date); in the event that, in order to comply with the deadlines for submitting accounting (financial) statements and (or) due to the late receipt of primary accounting documents, information about an event after the reporting date is not used when generating accounting (financial) reporting indicators, information about the specified event and its assessment in in monetary terms is disclosed in the accounting (financial) statements (text part of the explanatory note).”

The date of reflection in accounting and reporting of changes in the value of a land plot must be agreed upon with the founder of the institution (with the financial authority responsible for the preparation of consolidated statements). At the very least, this fact should be reflected in the explanatory note (f. 0503160), (f. 0503760). According to paragraph 20 of the Instructions for the application of the Chart of Accounts for accounting of budgetary institutions, approved. By order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated December 16, 2010 No. 174n, changes in the value of land plots previously accepted for accounting due to changes in their cadastral value are reflected in the debit of account 010311000 “Land - immovable property of the institution” and the credit of account 140110180* “Other income”, in the amount of change: in the case of an increase in the book value in a positive value, in the case of a decrease in the book value - with a minus sign.

Note:
* In the order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated November 16, 2016 No. 209n “On introducing amendments to some orders of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation in order to improve budget (accounting) accounting and reporting,” an error was made. This probably means account 040110180.

How to change the cost of legal acts in “1C: Public Institution Accounting 8”

To change the value of objects of non-produced assets, including land plots, the document is intended in the “1C: Accounting of a State Institution 8” program, edition 1 Change in the value of legal acts(menu OS, intangible assets, legal acts - Accounting for non-produced assets - Change in the value of legal acts) (Fig. 1).

Rice. 1

If, by agreement with the founder, it was decided to reflect a change in the cadastral value of a land plot as an event after the reporting date with inclusion in the report for 2016, then as dates document Change in the value of legal acts"12/31/2016" should be indicated. In other cases, as dates document, the date of receipt of the revaluation document by the institution should be indicated.

You should select an operation in the document Change in cost (103 - 401.10.180).

According to subparagraph “b” of paragraph 1.2.1 of the letter of the Ministry of Finance of Russia No. 02-07-07/5669, the Treasury of Russia No. 07-04-05/02-120 dated 02.02.2017 “On the preparation and presentation of annual budget statements and consolidated financial statements of state budgetary and autonomous institutions by the chief administrators of federal budget funds for 2016", when changing the cadastral value of land plots previously accepted for budget accounting, as well as when registering land plots and other non-financial (financial) assets based on inventory results, the financial result indicator is formed according to credit account number 1 17 00000 00 0000 000 1 401 10 180 “Other income” (an increase in the value of an asset with a “+” sign, a decrease with a “-” sign).

Budgetary and autonomous institutions have been using the CPS of the type “AU and BU” since 01/01/2017.

Therefore, by analogy with the KBK given in the specified Letter for government institutions, in the field Income account should select full working income account 401.10.180 with KPS kind AU and BU, with clarification KDB, with code ХХХХ 0000000000 000, where ХХХХ is the code of the corresponding section, subsection, for example 0706 0000000000 000.

As type of movement of the NFA the value will be automatically substituted Change due to revaluation(see Fig. 1).

In the tabular part of the document you should select a land plot using the button Selection. The name of the regulatory legal act object (column) will be filled in along the line NPA), inventory number, cost of the land plot before the change (column Cost (before change)). In the column Cost (after change) it is necessary to indicate the cost of the land plot taking into account revaluation, and in the column Reason for price change- the reason that will be displayed in column 2 “Change in the value of the object, reason” of table “2. Cost of the object, change in book value, depreciation" of the inventory card (f. 0504031), for example, "Change in cadastral value" (Fig. 2).

Rice. 2

If the value after the change is less than the value recorded on account 103.11, an accounting entry is generated for the amount of the difference when posting the document to reduce the cadastral value of the land plot:

Debit 103.11.330 Credit 401.10.180 - in a negative value.

In addition, movements are generated according to the accumulation register Cost of fixed assets(Fig. 3) to reflect changes in the value of the land plot in the inventory card (form 0504031).

Non-productive assets in budget accounting -This erroneous designation of non-produced assets that are part of the non-financial assets of a budget institution. Which non-financial assets can be classified as non-produced (non-productive)? Let's figure it out.

What applies to non-productive assets of a budget organization

Most often, the term “non-productive assets” is mistakenly used in relation to accounting issues in budgetary organizations to refer to non-produced assets. Non-produced assets are those that are not produced by humans, that is, resources that are given to us by nature. Such assets are used by us, improved, developed, mined, sometimes destroyed, but we (most often) cannot produce them.

The concept of non-produced assets is given in paragraph 70 of the instructions approved by Order of the Ministry of Finance dated December 1, 2010 No. 157n (account 10300). In budget accounting, standardized by order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation dated December 16, 2010 No. 174n, account 0010310000 is used to account for non-produced assets, and subaccounts for each type of asset are also indicated there. Subaccount 001031000 generates data on the current value of all non-produced assets of the institution, which are real estate.

This type of assets includes:

• Earth,
• subsoil resources,
• other non-produced assets.

The main non-produced asset that most budgetary organizations belonging to government bodies at various levels have at their disposal is land. Subaccount 0010311000 reflects the value of land as a non-financial asset of the institution. Subaccounts 0010311330 and 0010311430 allow you to adjust the initial cost of a given asset upward or downward, respectively.

The initial cost of subsoil resources (water and minerals) is reflected in subaccount 0010312000. Increases and decreases in the cost of resources are carried out, respectively, in subaccounts 00103312330 and 0010312430.

Other non-produced assets have a subaccount 0010313000, and to reflect the increase or decrease in their value, subaccounts 0010313330 and 0010313430 are used.

Accounting entries for transactions with non-produced assets in budgetary organizations

Non-produced assets can be taken onto the balance sheet of a budget organization as a result of:

• acquisitions (purchases, transfers for use, donations);
• transfer to operational management;
• identifying unaccounted for items of non-produced assets during the inventory.

The receipt of non-produced assets in accounting is reflected in the following entries (clauses 20-21 of order No. 174n):

The write-off (disposal) of non-produced assets is reflected in accounting by the following entries (clauses 22, 23 of order No. 174n):

The forms of primary documents used to document operations on the movement of non-produced assets were approved by Order of the Ministry of Finance dated March 30, 1952 No. 52n.

Procedure for accounting for non-produced assets of an autonomous institution

Order of the Ministry of Finance dated December 23, 2010 No. 183n establishes the Chart of Accounts and instructions for its use for institutions classified as autonomous. The structure of the Chart of Accounts for autonomous entities is not much different from the Unified Chart of Accounts for accounting in budgetary institutions, established by Order 157n.

The structure of non-financial assets in the chart of accounts of an autonomous institution is similar to the structure of non-financial assets given in Order No. 174n for budgetary institutions.

Results

The expression “accounting for non-productive assets in budgetary institutions” has an incorrect formulation, since accounting for public sector employees implies dividing assets not into production and non-production, but into financial and non-financial. Non-productive assets most often refer to non-produced assets, the accounting of which we discussed in the article.

Accounting for land in accounting has its own specifics. Under what conditions can a plot of land be accepted for accounting, how to write off the costs of its purchase and what transactions are used to document transactions with land - read about this in the article.

Features of accounting for land plots

The procedure for registering land transactions is regulated by the provisions of Chapter. 17 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, the norms of the Land Code of the Russian Federation and the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, as well as PBU 6/01 (approved by order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation dated March 30, 2001 No. 26n).

You can buy land only on the basis of a purchase and sale agreement drawn up in writing (Article 550 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation). There is no need to notarize the agreement. The contract must contain all the information about the restrictions or encumbrances of the land, as well as the location and price of the plot (Articles 554, 555 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation). The object of the transaction can only be land that has undergone state cadastral registration (Article 37 of the Land Code of the Russian Federation).

Ownership of land passes from the moment of state registration in Rosreestr (Clause 2 of Article 223 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation). The fee for state registration of land transactions for legal entities is 22,000 rubles. (Subclause 22, Clause 1, Article 333.33 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation).

According to accounting rules, land should be classified as fixed assets (FA) (clause 5 of PBU 6/01). The site is accepted for registration if the following conditions are met:

• the company will use it in its core business or rent it out;
• use will last longer than 12 months;
• resale of the plot is not planned - otherwise the land must be recorded in account 41 (letter of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation dated June 23, 2009 No. 03-05-05-01/36);
• income is expected to be received from the acquired land (clause 4 of PBU 6/01).

When purchasing a land plot, it is taken into account at its original cost, formed from actual costs:

• payment to the counterparty for the site itself;
• the cost of information and consulting services, for example, the work of a realtor;
• intermediary remuneration;
• state duty and other non-refundable taxes;
• other expenses associated with the acquisition of land.

NOTE! The sale of land is not subject to VAT (subclause 6, clause 2, article 146 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation).

Purchasing land is an expensive operation, so companies often take out a loan for this. Interest on the loan is included in the cost of the land until the site is transferred from a non-current asset to fixed assets (clause 7 of PBU 15/2008, approved by order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation dated October 6, 2008 No. 107n).

The company can also receive land:

• Free of charge - then it is accepted for accounting at the market price confirmed by an independent appraiser (letter of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation dated January 28, 2015 No. 03-04-05/3074). Moreover, if the land was donated by the founder of the company, who owns more than half the share of the authorized capital (AC) of the recipient company, then the recipient does not generate income. Otherwise, gratuitous receipt is non-operating income for profit tax purposes (subclause 11, clause 1, article 251 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation).
• Under an exchange agreement, the organization will accept the site in accordance with the value of the valuables transferred to another company in exchange (clause 11 of PBU 6/01, article 568 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation).
• On account of the contribution to the management company - according to the assessment agreed upon by the founders.

The land is transferred to the OS when it is fully ready for operation and the initial cost has been formed. A company can accept a plot of land for accounting on account 01, without waiting for registration of ownership - then it is reflected in a separate sub-account of account 01 (clause 52 of the Methodological Guidelines for OS Accounting, approved by Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation dated October 13, 2003 No. 91n).

Land plots are not depreciated either in accounting or in NU (clause 17 of PBU 6/01, clause 2 of article 256 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation). There is no other way to include expenses for the purchase of land in the company’s expenses (Resolution of the Presidium of the Supreme Arbitration Court of the Russian Federation dated March 14, 2006 No. 14231/05).

The costs of purchasing a land plot can only be taken into account when it is subsequently sold. Then, on the date of transfer of the plot to the buyer, the seller of the land reflects the income from the transaction, reduced by the cost of acquiring the plot and expenses for its sale (clause 31 of PBU 6/01, clause 1 of Article 271, clause 1 of Article 268 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation) .

In a special procedure, expenses for the acquisition of land from state or municipal property on which buildings, structures or structures are located, or which is acquired for the construction of an operating system, are recognized for profit, under agreements for the acquisition of plots concluded from 01/01/2007 to 12/31/2011. Such costs can be (subclause 1, clause 3, article 264.1 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation):

• Recognize evenly over the period chosen by the enterprise (at least 5 years).
• Accept as a reduction in profit in the reporting (tax) period a maximum of 30% of the tax base for the profit of the previous tax period until the entire amount is fully recognized. At the same time, a permanent tax difference arises in accounting, which we will consider below.

NOTE! Land can be used only in accordance with the type of permitted use given in the State Real Estate Cadastre (clause 1 of Article 263 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation).

A land plot is subject to land tax. Read more about the procedure for paying it in the article. “Time limits for payment of advance payments for land tax” .

Documentation of transactions with land plots

Operations with land can only be carried out if the agreement is drawn up in writing. The parties draw up 3 copies of the agreement: 1 for each participant in the transaction and 1 for Rosreestr.

The registration of the plot on account 08 is carried out on the date of actual transfer of land according to the transfer and acceptance certificate or the date of signing the agreement (if the agreement is equated by the parties to the transfer and acceptance certificate).

You can keep records of land plots using standardized forms OS-1 And OS-6 or according to independently developed forms compiled using mandatory details (Article 9 of the Law “On Accounting” dated November 22, 2011 No. 402-FZ).

When accepting a land plot from the founder, it is necessary to conduct an independent assessment of the land, as well as make changes to the company’s constituent documents.

How to do this, read the article “Accounting entries for contributions to the authorized capital” .

If the organization received the land free of charge, then the market valuation of the site is confirmed by an independent appraiser or cadastral registration data (Article 66 of the Land Code of the Russian Federation).

The company can lease the land. Then a lease agreement must be concluded and an act of acceptance and transfer of property to the counterparty must be drawn up. If the lease agreement is concluded for a period of more than a year, then it must be registered with the territorial branch of Rosreestr (clause 2 of Article 609, clause 2 of Article 651 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation).

For more information about registration of land lease transactions in accounting, read the article “Accounting for the lease of fixed assets (nuances)” .

Accounting for transactions with land plots: postings

Actual expenses for the purchase of land are collected on account 08 in correspondence with accounts 60, 76. Payment of the state duty and its inclusion in the cost of the land plot is carried out by entries:

• Dt 68 Kt 51 - the fee for registering land ownership has been paid;
• Dt 08 Kt 68 - the duty is included in the initial cost of the land.

Further accounting of land depends on the purposes of its use. If a company builds buildings on the territory, but at the expense of investors, then such an object cannot be recognized as OS - it will remain on account 08. Upon completion of construction, the accountant will make an entry:

• Dt 76 Kt 08 - land was transferred to the investor in connection with the completion of construction work.

If the owner uses the land for his own purposes and for his own money, then the site should be included in the OS by posting:

• Dt 01 Kt 08 - the land plot was accepted as part of the OS.

When purchasing land from the state for the construction of OS (under contracts of 2007-2011), a tax difference arises: in the NU, spending on land is recognized as an expense, but in the BU it is not. The accountant should reflect a permanent tax asset in accounting on a monthly basis until expenses are completely written off in tax accounting:

• Dt 68 subaccount “Calculations for income tax” Kt 99 subaccount “PNA” for the amount of Z / n / 12 months. × 20%,

Z is the initial cost of the site;

n is the number of years to write off expenses for the purchase of land.

The sale of land is recorded by the following records:

• Dt 45 subaccount “Transferred real estate” Kt 01 - the cost of land is written off;
• Dt 62 Kt 91 - revenue from the sale is reflected;
• Dt 91 Kt 45 subaccount “Transferred real estate” - the initial cost of the sold plot is reflected as part of other expenses.

We remind you that the sale of land is not subject to VAT.

When land is added to the company’s authorized capital, the accountant will make the following entries:

• Dt 75 Kt 80 - reflects the debt of the founder for the contribution to the management company;
• Dt 08 Kt 75 - a land plot was received on account of the founder’s contribution to the management company;
• Dt 01 Kt 08 - land is accepted for accounting as an asset.

The transfer of land as a contribution to the management company of another legal entity is reflected in the following entries:

• Dt 58 Kt 76 subaccount “Settlements on deposits in the Criminal Code” - reflects the debt on deposits in the Criminal Code;
• Dt 76 subaccount “Settlements for deposits in the management company” Kt 01 - the plot was entered as a contribution to the management company.

If the initial cost of the transferred land differs from the estimate agreed upon by the founders, the difference should be attributed to the appropriate subaccount of account 91 in correspondence with account 76 (subaccount “Settlements for deposits in the management company”).

The accountant reflects the receipt of a land plot free of charge with the following entries:

• Dt 08 Kt 83 - land was received from the founder, whose share in the management company is more than 50%, while the company has no income;
• Dt 08 Kt 98 - land was received free of charge from other persons;
• Dt 08 Kt 01 - land plot put into operation;
• Dt 98 Kt 91 - income from the gratuitous receipt of a land plot is recognized.

If your company transfers a land plot free of charge, then the accounting entry is as follows:

• Dt 91 Kt 01 - reflects the cost of land donated to another company.

Income and expenses do not arise in tax accounting when transferring land free of charge (Articles 249, 250, paragraph 16 of Article 270 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation). But then a permanent tax liability is formed in accounting, which is taken into account simultaneously with the write-off of the cost of land and the costs of its transfer (clause 7 of PBU 18/02):

• Dt 99 subaccount “PNO” Kt 68 subaccount “Calculations for income tax” - reflected PNO due to the difference in accounting when transferring property free of charge.

When concluding an agreement for the exchange of wiring from a company transferring land and accepting other property in return, the following:

• Dt 08, 10, 41 Kt 60 - valuables were received under an exchange agreement;
• Dt 62 Kt 91—reflects income from the transfer of land under an exchange agreement;
• Dt 91 Kt 01 - the cost of the transferred land plot has been written off;
• Dt 60 Kt 62 - the obligations of the parties are fully repaid upon fulfillment of the terms of the exchange agreement.

The financial result from barter transactions in the accounting of transaction participants is zero.

In exceptional cases, a land plot may be withdrawn (Article 49 of the Land Code of the Russian Federation). Government agencies are required to notify the owner of the land plot about this. The owner or user of land has the right to claim compensation in the amount of the market value of the land plot, the real estate located on it, as well as losses and lost profits from the seizure (Articles 56.8, 56.9 of the Land Code of the Russian Federation). On the date of termination of ownership of land, the following entries are made:

• Dt 91 Kt 01 - disposal of land;
• Dt 76 Kt 91 - other income includes the amount of compensation for seizure.

Results

Features of land accounting are as follows:

• land is an OS object;
• the purchase and sale agreement is drawn up only in writing, taking into account the requirements of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation;
• land ownership is subject to mandatory registration;
• sales of land are not subject to VAT;
• land cannot be depreciated;
• expenses for the purchase of land can only be written off when it is sold;
• In a special manner, plots acquired in 2007-2011 from the state for the construction of environmental protection are taken into account.

For more information about what kind of reporting should be submitted to the land owner, read the article

Some autonomous institutions are assigned land plots under the right of permanent, unlimited use. They are accounted for in account 0 103 11 000 “Land – immovable property of the institution” on the basis of a document (certificate) confirming the right to use the land plot, at the cadastral value (clause 71 of Instruction No. 157n).

For reference:

Land - objects of non-produced assets in the form of land plots, as well as capital expenses inseparable from land plots, which include non-inventory expenses (not related to the construction of structures) for cultural and technical measures for the surface improvement of land for agricultural use, made at the expense of capital investments (planning of land plots, uprooting areas for arable land, clearing fields of stones and boulders, cutting off hummocks, clearing thickets, cleaning reservoirs, reclamation, drainage, irrigation and other works that are inseparable from the land), with the exception of buildings and structures built on this land (for example, roads, tunnels, administrative buildings, etc.), plantings, underground water or biological resources (clause 79 of Instruction No. 157n).

In the commented Letter No. 02-07-05/59444 dated September 14, 2017, the Ministry of Finance noted that if the cadastral value of a land plot is unknown due to the lack of relevant information in the registration documents, this does not give the accounting entity the right not to reflect the event of receipt of the specified non-financial asset in accounting.

From the provisions of paragraph 23 of Instruction No. 157n it follows that the initial value of land plots held by institutions under the right of free (perpetual) use is recognized as their market (cadastral) value as of the date of acceptance for accounting. Since the land plot was not acquired, its cadastral value is unknown; in this case, the market value of the plot is established by the commission on the receipt and disposal of assets. After the land plot is accepted for cadastral registration and its cadastral value is known, its initial value is adjusted.

Read also

• Reflection of a land plot in the accounting records of a budgetary institution
• New in accounting and reporting of institutions since 2017
• Analysis of errors and violations made when preparing budget reporting
• Changes in accounting of institutions since 2017
• The latest accounting changes for 2016

According to clause 20 of Instruction No. 183n, transactions for the receipt of objects of non-produced assets are recorded in the following accounting entries:

Here we also present the recommendations set out in the Letter of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation No. 02-07-07/5669, the Treasury of the Russian Federation No. 07-04-05/02-120 dated 02/02/2017, regarding the reflection of the value of land plots in the balance sheet (f. 0503130). Autonomous institutions fill out this form only if the budgetary powers of the recipient of budget funds have been transferred to them, which is extremely rare. Despite the fact that such clarifications do not entirely apply to autonomous institutions, we found the position of the Ministry of Finance interesting and we believe that autonomous institutions may well use it in their work (when preparing financial statements). From the above letter it follows that a change in the cadastral value of a land plot after the reporting date, but before, refers to a significant event and is subject to reflection in the reporting for 2017. Moreover, if, in order to comply with the deadlines for submitting budget reporting and (or) due to the late receipt of primary accounting documents (documents confirming changes in the cadastral value of a land plot), information about an event after the reporting date is not used in the formation of balance sheet reporting indicators, information about the specified event and its assessment in monetary terms are subject to disclosure when submitting budget reporting in the text part of section. 4 “Analysis of financial reporting indicators of the subject of budget reporting” explanatory note (form 0503160).

Instructions for the use of the Chart of Accounts for accounting of autonomous institutions, approved. By Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation dated December 23, 2010 No. 183n.

cadastral value