What porridges can you eat for cholelithiasis? Diet rules during remission and during exacerbation of cholelithiasis. Nutrition for gallstone disease

GSD is a fairly common disease of the gastrointestinal tract. Characterized by the formation of stones in the gallbladder or ducts. According to statistics, gallstone disease occurs several times more often in women than in men.

Bile, produced in the liver, accumulates in the gallbladder, then enters the intestines through the bile ducts, participating in the digestion of food. When the balance of bile components in the liquid is disturbed, solid flakes form, which, when compacted, turn into stones. The stone, getting into the ducts, clogs the hole, causing an acute attack.

The appearance of stones is most often influenced by the following factors:

• Non-compliance with diet, excessive overeating or fasting.
• Sedentary lifestyle, sedentary work.
• Metabolic disorder leading to excess weight.
• Pregnancy.
• Diseases of the gallbladder, liver, and other organs of the digestive system.
• Diabetes.

Treatment must be started immediately to prevent deterioration of the patient's condition, leading to complications, including death.

For cholelithiasis, diet therapy is indicated to save the patient from surgery. The diet is agreed upon with the attending physician, specifying the list of permitted and prohibited items at different stages of the disease. It is advisable to eat food systematically, over time. Strict adherence to the regimen contributes to the timely release of bile from the gallbladder.

You need to eat frequently, at least 5 times a day. This behavior promotes better digestibility of foods and prevents difficulties in intestinal motility, for example, constipation. It is not recommended to overeat immediately before bed.

To prevent irritation of the gastric mucosa and excessive bile formation, food should be kept warm. The optimal temperature is 25 - 60 degrees.

During an exacerbation period, it is better to boil or bake foods, avoiding the formation of a crust. Fried foods are strictly prohibited; oxidized fats and carcinogenic substances formed during this cooking method will provoke a new attack of the disease.

During the cooking process, foods should be crushed or ground, then digestion will not require a lot of bile. Food is chewed thoroughly.

Diet for gallstone disease

A diet for gallstones is prescribed to restore the disturbed cholesterol balance. Products used to prepare dietary dishes must contain less fat, carbohydrates, and cholesterol.

An approximate menu is drawn up taking into account the knowledge that the energy value of food should not exceed 2400 - 2500 kcal per day.

Nutrition for gallstone disease is based on the consumption of foods high in fiber, which prevents constipation. promotes normal intestinal motility, reduces intoxication of the body. It is necessary to prepare dishes from products rich in pectin: the substance prevents the deposition of cholesterol on the walls of blood vessels, dilutes bile, and maintains normal microflora in the intestines.

The list of foods included in the diet for gallstone disease includes:

Prohibited Products

Diet for gallstones excludes foods that promote the production of large amounts of bile and are filled with cholesterol.

Prohibited foods for gallstone disease:

Raw fruits and berries are prohibited, especially raspberries, grapes, and currants.

Coffee, cocoa, strong tea, and sweet carbonated drinks are strictly prohibited.

Magnesium diet

If you have gallstones, a magnesium diet is recommended. From such a diet, patients’ abdominal pain disappears and intestinal function improves. The diet involves including foods containing magnesium in your meals at least four times a day. The regimen consists of three cycles, lasting 2–3 days each. At first, they drink exclusively warm drinks - sweetened tea, rosehip decoction, diluted juices, the main thing is not to exceed the norm - two glasses a day. You need to drink often, in small sips, drinking no more than two spoons at a time.

On the fourth day you are allowed to eat a little jelly or pureed porridge; after the next three days, low-fat cottage cheese, fish and meat are added. When the third dietary cycle ends and the condition improves, the patient is transferred to a general diet indicated for the presence of gallstones.

Menu for gallstone disease

Eating for gallstones involves preparing dishes whose recipes do not pose any particular difficulties. Sample menu for the week.

First breakfast:

• Monday: oatmeal, tea, cookies.
• Tuesday: cottage cheese casserole with sour cream, rosehip infusion.
• Wednesday: buckwheat porridge, tea with lemon, cookies.
• Thursday: pasta with butter and jam, tea with lemon, cookies.
• Friday: cottage cheese with sour cream, fresh carrot salad with apple, jelly.
• Saturday: chicken soufflé with semolina, marmalade, tea.
• Sunday: pasta pudding with raisins and dried apricots, tea, baked apple.

Lunch:

• Monday: fresh carrot and beet salad, juice.
• Tuesday: oatmeal soufflé with prunes, rosehip infusion.
• Wednesday: chicken salad with potatoes, blackcurrant jelly.
• Thursday: cottage cheese casserole with dried apricots and nuts, tea.
• Friday: curdled milk, biscuit biscuits.
• Saturday: semolina porridge with banana, compote, cookies.
• Sunday: pasta casserole, baked apple, juice.

• Monday: vegetarian borscht, boiled chicken with rice, juice.
• Tuesday: soup with buckwheat, fish baked with vegetables, tea.
• Wednesday: milk soup with pasta, mashed potatoes with steam cutlet, juice.
• Thursday: oatmeal soup with vegetables, boiled rabbit with a side dish of cauliflower, rosehip infusion.
• Friday: rice soup, boiled fish with pumpkin puree, dried fruit compote.
• Saturday: vegetarian cabbage soup, steamed meatballs, juice.
• Sunday: mashed potato soup with breadcrumbs, hake soufflé, berry jelly.

For an afternoon snack, it is enough to drink a glass of jelly, kefir, fermented baked milk and eat 100 g of cookies or dried biscuit.

• Monday: boiled chicken with seaweed salad, banana, juice.
• Tuesday: stewed cod, boiled beet salad with nuts.
• Wednesday: veal baked with boiled potatoes, compote.
• Thursday: turkey meat soufflé with cauliflower, cookies, tea.
• Friday: rabbit meatballs, pasta, juice.
• Saturday: seafood casserole with rice, carrot salad, tea.
• Sunday: steamed turkey cutlets, baked pumpkin, tea, cookies.

Two hours before bedtime, you are allowed to eat a grated apple or banana, drink a glass of juice or kefir.

Some dietary questions

Let's try to answer questions often asked about dieting.

1. What is allowed to eat if cholelithiasis is complicated by chronic pancreatitis? Recipes for gallstone disease and pancreatitis are similar, since both diseases are associated with disruption of the digestive system.
2. Are spices allowed? Turmeric, a spice that has a number of beneficial medicinal properties, will help improve the taste of dietary dishes. Adding turmeric powder to dishes for cholelithiasis helps remove toxins from the liver and increases the functionality of the organ. The use of turmeric is indicated for other diseases of the digestive system, in particular for iron problems.
3. Which mineral water is suitable for the diagnosis of cholelithiasis? The diet for gallstones involves drinking plenty of fluids - at least two liters per day. Nutritionists recommend drinking medicinal mineral water, for example, Borjomi, Svalyava, Polyana Kvasova, Luzhanskaya.
4. The patient is diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. Is a magnesium diet indicated for the patient? It is permissible to follow a diet; instead of sugar as a sweetener, use honey, which is approved for illness.
5. Does diet for cholelithiasis include the use of ginger? Ginger, a prohibited product, exhibits the ability to activate the movement of stones.
6. Strong alcohol is not allowed, but beer is allowed? Strong and low-alcohol drinks lead to exacerbation of the disease, cause colic in the gallbladder and contribute to an increase in the amount of bile.
7. What is allowed to eat during exacerbation of cholelithiasis? The diet is based on the use of the listed products, but in the first days it is better to refrain from eating and limit yourself to liquids.

Diet for gallbladder diseases is considered an important component in the treatment process. The regimen must be followed during acute periods and when the patient’s condition stabilizes without causing concern. A specially developed balanced diet helps the liver and gallbladder function, normalizes cholesterol levels, and improves the functioning of the digestive system. Vitamins and mineral components improve immunity and help solve the problem of excess weight. Remember, if you violate your diet and refuse to diet, the disease can worsen sharply.

Gallstone disease is a pathology based on metabolic disorders, and, mainly, changes in cholesterol metabolism. This substance, which is extremely necessary for the body in small quantities, becomes the main substrate of not only atherosclerotic plaques, but also choleliths in the biliary tract.

The main principle of the diet is to exclude fried and fatty foods.

The diet for gallstone disease is aimed at normalizing cholesterol metabolism and related processes. Without following nutritional principles, stones will increase in volume and quantity; and even removing the gallbladder will only serve as a temporary measure.

Basic principles of the diet

Approximately 68% of gallstones formed in the gallbladder are composed of cholesterol; about 7% are divided between purely pigment and purely calcium stones, about 22-23% are stones of mixed composition - cholesterol, which, as a result of inflammation of the biliary tract, are covered with calcium salts.

If stones of a single-component composition of bilirubin or calcium are formed for reasons beyond a person’s control, then stones consisting of cholesterol are 90% the “merit” of their owner: the excess of this fat-soluble alcohol comes only with food. Therefore, the diet for cholelithiasis is based on the following principles:

1. reduce the amount of incoming carbohydrates and animal fats;
2. give up cholesterol-containing foods: fatty meats and fish, lard, yolk, beef and pork broths;
3. so that cholesterol does not precipitate in the bile, but is in a dissolved state, you need to drink alkaline waters little by little: “Borjomi”, “Polyana Kvasova”;
4. plant products are an essential component of the diet;
5. liquid taken orally helps to dilute bile, which indirectly reduces its ability to form stones;
6. Products that contain lecithin also help keep cholesterol dissolved. This is butter, cream, sour cream;
7. During an exacerbation, it is necessary to provide rest to the patient’s gallbladder.

Advice! Daily composition of the diet: proteins - about 100 g, fats - 50-70 g, carbohydrates - 400 g, salt - no more than 10 g / day. You need to eat at least 6 times a day. Liquid – in a volume of at least 2 liters. It's called diet table No. 5.

Authorized Products

Nutrition for cholelithiasis should consist of the following products:

The diet requires the presence of foods rich in calcium: fish and meat, dairy products, and, if tolerated, boiled eggs or steamed omelettes.

To improve the contractility of the gallbladder (this will reduce congestion in it), foods rich in magnesium are needed: buckwheat porridge, rosehip decoction, oatmeal and millet porridge, nuts, seaweed.

It is good to spend fasting days: cottage cheese-kefir, rice-compote, apple, watermelon, grape.

Prohibited Products

If you have gallstone disease, you should not eat:

• fried foods;
• pies;
• fatty meat and fish;
• baked goods;
• cakes;
• spicy dishes;
• spinach;
• vegetables such as radishes, onions, radishes, garlic, turnips;
• chocolate;
• caviar;
• coffee and cocoa;
• alcohol;
• offal.

Dishes should be eaten only warm, without sprinkling them with seasonings.

If gallstone disease worsens

Warning! On the day when pain appeared on the right side under the ribs, nausea and bitterness in the mouth, you couldn’t eat. You are only allowed to drink sweet black tea.

Oatmeal with water is the main dish for exacerbation of cholelithiasis

From the second day, mashed potatoes cooked in water, slimy rice porridge in water, and lean boiled meat are added to the diet. This diet is followed for up to 10 days, and if the pain in the right hypochondrium is relieved, then they switch to the main diet.

Postoperative diet

The diet for gallstone disease after surgery consists of the following nuances:

1. You cannot eat for the first 36 hours;
2. After this time, you can only drink: tea without sugar, jelly and dried fruit compotes, low-fat kefir. The volume of drinks per day is up to 1.5 liters. You can drink no more than 150 ml at a time. This diet is followed for 3-5 days.
3. On days 3-5, mashed potatoes and vegetarian soup with a teaspoon of butter or sour cream are added to the diet.
4. Gradually add boiled lean fish, steamed omelette without yolk, pumpkin and apple juice without sugar, and stale white bread.
5. After 7-8 days, liquid porridges are introduced: wheat, buckwheat, oatmeal, cooked or from cereal ground in a coffee grinder, or already ground in a blender; lean meat, low-fat dairy products.
6. After day 8, steam cutlets, meatballs, and meatballs are added. Soups can already be cooked in the second or third meat broth, and in porridges you can add milk diluted with water 1:1.
7. Only 1.5 months after the operation do they switch to table No. 5, described at the very beginning.

As can be seen from the article, dietary nutrition in gallstone disease plays a role that is very difficult to overestimate. This is understandable, because along with other factors, the formation of stones is closely related to what foods we eat. You can learn more about the nature and mechanism of development of this pathology from the article:.

A person does not always limit his diet only out of a desire to lose excess weight. In some cases, he needs to lose weight in a short time before surgery, while others need it due to illness. We will talk about proper nutrition for gallstone disease.

With cholelithiasis, bile stagnates in the gallbladder, which contributes to the formation of stones, constant abdominal pain and ulcers on the surface of the gallbladder. for cholelithiasis, it is aimed at normalizing the functioning of the gallbladder and removing bile from the body.

Principles and rules:

1. . Thanks to frequent meals, bile does not accumulate in the body as actively.
2. It is forbidden to eat a lot of food at one time. Large portions will cause stomach pain.
3. To flush bile out of the body, you need to drink as much water as possible. The minimum daily amount is 2.5 liters.
4. You can't eat fried food. Acceptable methods of heat treatment are steaming, boiling, stewing and baking.
5. It is necessary to reduce the daily calorie intake.
6. There is more fiber.
7. All food and drinks must be consumed warm. Cold foods and liquids can cause cramps.
8. Increase the amount of calcium entering the body.
9. It is strictly forbidden to increase the amount of physical activity on your own. The attending physician must independently create a system of exercises that will help improve the tone of the gallbladder.

Advantages and disadvantages

Even when a person has gallstones, a diet against this problem can bring not only benefits, but also harm to the body.

1. Prevents the development of disease symptoms. Relieves colic in the stomach.
2. Decreases in blood.
3. Metabolism is normalized.
4. Eliminates excess weight.
5. Effectively copes with the disease.

1. It is necessary to strictly follow the prescribed diet. Minor deviations can lead to side effects.
2. Significant restrictions are being introduced on the foods consumed.

Menu

Nutrition for cholelithiasis and pancreatitis should be built according to an already compiled menu. Here is the weekly diet:

The diet for gallstone disease after surgery will differ from this menu. It should be compiled by an experienced doctor based on the results of the operation and the characteristics of the body itself.

Do's and Don'ts

In order not to harm the body, you need to know what you can’t eat if you have gallstones, and what you can eat if you have gallstones.

Allowed:

• hard cheeses;
• fermented milk drinks;
• dairy products with less fat;
• lean meat and fish;
• eggs;
• rice, buckwheat, oatmeal, millet, pearl barley;
• fruits and vegetables;

Forbidden:

• fatty meats and fish;
• canned food;
• sausages and smoked meats;
• sweet;
• flour;
• alcohol;
• store-bought juices;
• fatty dairy products;
• spicy food;
• spices;
• sauces.

Diet during exacerbation of cholelithiasis implies even more restrictions.

Varieties

There are three popular varieties according to Pevzner:

1. Table 2 - diet for cholelithiasis after surgery. In order for nutrition to speed up recovery processes, a special version of the technique has been developed. It is necessary to significantly limit salt intake, eat more dairy products, and drink herbal infusions.
2. — nutrition for cholelithiasis and pancreatitis. This version of the technique is used both for a long period of nutrition and during exacerbation of diseases. It is necessary to increase the amount of protein consumed, reduce carbohydrates and fats. Boil and steam all dishes. When cooking food, grind it as finely as possible.
3. - diet for exacerbation of cholelithiasis. Strict methodology. It implies a complete abstinence from salt, fresh herbs, alcohol, fried, spicy, fatty and sweet foods. It is also prohibited to consume canned food.

Diet for gallstone disease - recipes

With any technique, be it medical or sports, variety in the diet is necessary.

Potato soup

To prepare this dish you will need 4 potatoes, an onion, and carrots.

Actions:

1. First of all, wash the vegetables and peel them.
2. Place them in cold water and cook for half an hour.
3. 5 minutes before turning off, you can add herbs to taste.

Fish with vegetables

To prepare you will need 300 grams of hake fillet, an onion, one zucchini, carrots, 100 grams of green peas, a tablespoon of vegetable oil, 50 grams of hard cheese.

Actions:

1. Grease a baking sheet with vegetable oil. Place the hake fillet on it.
2. Cut the vegetables into slices and place on the fish. Sprinkle green peas around.
3. Sprinkle the dish with grated cheese on top.
4. Bake in the oven for 45 minutes at 200 degrees.

Conclusion

For cholelithiasis, it was created primarily to suppress the symptoms of the disease and remove excess bile from the body. Losing excess weight occurs as an additional phenomenon. Under no circumstances allow yourself to consume prohibited foods; strictly adhere to the established restrictions. Otherwise, you can cause an exacerbation of the disease.

When a person is diagnosed with acute or chronic cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, one of the most important conditions for prolonging remission after treatment or for six months after surgery is diet.

Chronic cholecystitis is almost never an isolated disease, and the inflammatory process in the gallbladder is often accompanied by pathological disorders in the stomach, liver, intestines, pancreas, cardiovascular and nervous diseases.

For chronic and acute cholecystitis, hepatitis, and gallstones, a special diet has been developed, called table No. 5. What kind of diet is this, what you can eat with cholecystitis, and how to follow a diet with gallstones - we will tell you in this article.

The calorie content of the daily diet, the energy value of products should be 2000-2500 kcal, which is determined by the physiological needs of the body. On average, the ratio of carbohydrates should be 300-350 g, fats 80-90 g, proteins - 80-90 g.

The most important thing that a patient following a diet for gallstones should know:

• The most powerful provocateur of exacerbations is taking fried and very fatty foods
• Eating a large amount of food, that is, overeating
• Food should only be warm, not hot, not cold
• There should be fractional meals, small portions, but frequent - 6 times a day
• The use of refractory fats, strong stimulants of pancreatic and gastric secretion - spices, extracts, foods high in cholesterol (see), products with essential oils - is strictly prohibited.
• The main diet should consist of vegetables and fruits.
• Since fried food cannot be consumed, all dishes are prepared steamed, boiled, or less often baked.

What fruits can you eat for cholecystitis and gallstones?

According to diet No. 5, the most important thing is to exclude all sour berries and fruits, that is, you cannot eat gooseberries, all types of citrus fruits, cranberries, sour apples, sour plums, mangoes, cherry plums.

Many people are interested in the question: Is it possible to eat bananas and grapes for cholecystitis? Yes, among the permitted fruits there are: sweet apples, watermelons, bananas, melon, strawberries, avocados, papaya. As for grapes, they are a questionable fruit. Considering that in most cases, in addition to cholecystitis, the patient also has other diseases of the digestive system (for example, gastritis, pancreatitis), fruits such as grapes, and vegetables such as cabbage, black bread, kvass can cause fermentation and inflammation of the organs.

Therefore, you should always listen to your body; if you notice discomfort after taking a particular product, analyze the amount you eat, try to eat less next time or completely give up the questionable fruit.

What vegetables can you eat for cholecystitis?

There are practically no restrictions among vegetables, that is, you can eat any vegetables. You should be careful with raw white cabbage, if the patient does not suffer from pancreatitis, then you can eat raw cabbage in small quantities, but if you have disorders of the pancreas, it can only be consumed boiled, baked, if you like sauerkraut, then it should not be too sour. You can have green peas, carrots, beets, pumpkin, potatoes, zucchini. Do not overuse tomatoes; they can be eaten without exacerbation, but only without the peel, in moderation; pickled and salted ones are excluded. As for legumes, according to diet No. 5 they are excluded, but during the period of remission they can be consumed in very limited quantities.

What can you drink if you have gallstones?

What you can eat with cholecystitis becomes clear that only steamed, boiled, not salted, not spicy or canned, not fried and not fatty. But what can you drink? You can drink fruit teas, compotes, jelly, freshly squeezed but diluted fruit and vegetable juices, carrot, tomato and beetroot juices are especially useful (beetroot juice should be drunk 3 hours after squeezing). It is especially good to take mineral water without gases 30 minutes before meals , such as Smirnovskaya, Slavyanovskaya. Weak tea is useful, especially green tea, not bagged (see).

Is it possible to drink coffee if you have cholecystitis? Coffee, especially instant coffee, should be avoided; the same applies to the advertised chicory; its effect on the gastric mucosa is no less harmful than coffee. If, in addition to cholecystitis, a person suffers from diseases of the stomach and pancreas, it is better to avoid chicory, cocoa and coffee altogether; if this is not possible, then you should limit its concentration, drink it with milk and not on an empty stomach.

It is strictly forbidden to drink icy, cold drinks, and the harm of alcoholic drinks to the body is known to everyone; when following a diet for gallstones and cholecystitis, you should completely give up alcohol. Of course, for the celebration 50 grams. You can drink good dry wine if there is no exacerbation of the disease and pain, it all depends on the dose and quality of the alcoholic drink. Always listen to your feelings, everything is good in moderation.

What can and cannot be eaten if you have gallstones?

Bakery products

Today, many families purchase home bakeries, making delicious bread and baked goods at home. It is not recommended for patients with cholecystitis to eat freshly baked homemade bread; it is better to wait and eat yesterday’s dried bread; moreover, it should not be rich (adding a large amount of fat). Also, if you have gallstones, you should not eat all baked goods made from puff pastry or shortcrust pastry. All cakes, pastries, pancakes, pancakes are excluded. Moreover, given that industrial production uses cooking fats, most often palm oil, which is practically poison for the digestive system, eating store-bought baked goods is dangerous even for healthy people. But you can safely eat day-old bread made from wheat, peeled, rye flour, or bran bread. And also baked pies with cottage cheese, fish, meat, apples made from simple dough.

Soup with steep broth

Steep broths made from meat, fish, chicken, duck, mushrooms, etc. have a very negative effect on the digestive system. You should avoid any such broths and prepare only vegetable soups. As a last resort, if you absolutely cannot deny yourself the first course with meat broth, firstly, cook only lean meat, and secondly, strongly dilute it with water or vegetable broth before preparing cabbage soup, soups, beetroot soup, and borscht.

Fatty meats - goose, duck, pork, lamb, fatty beef, chicken

Fatty meat products should be excluded from the diet. Meat products can be prepared only from lean beef, lean poultry, rabbit meat and consumed in limited quantities, boiled. You can use boiled meat or chicken (minced meat) to make meatballs for soup, steamed cutlets, casseroles, or eat in pieces, chewing thoroughly.

Sausages, sausages

Of course, the most accessible and convenient product today is semi-finished meat products, which are found in abundance on supermarket shelves. These are the most harmful, chemicalized food products, stuffed with flavor enhancers and preservatives, additives of dubious content, which are dangerous for everyone to eat, not just people with digestive problems. No milk sausages, “baby sausages,” or “diet sausages” should be on the table of a person with gallstones, pancreatitis, or chronic cholecystitis. These names are just a marketing technique; there cannot be any “children’s” sausages!!!

Is it possible to eat nuts, seeds, honey if you have cholecystitis?

If you are not allergic to bee products, then honey can be used for cholecystitis. As for nuts and seeds, they can and should be consumed, but only when purchased in an unrefined form (peel immediately before use), and in moderation.

You should know that under no circumstances should you eat shelled nuts on the shelves of our stores; during processing, transportation, and packaging, oxidation of fats occurs and the nuts become what is called rancid. When fats oxidize from long-term and improper storage, peeled, finished nuts cause increased stress on the gallbladder, pancreas and liver. This is especially true for pine nuts, which are imported to Russia from China. These nuts are dangerous to health; they also cause exacerbation of cholecystitis (see).

Fish, eggs

All fatty fish are also excluded (catfish, sturgeon, beluga, stellate sturgeon, salmon), but pike perch, cod, carp, hake and pike can be included in the diet of a person with cholecystitis. Moreover, it should be remembered that fried foods are strictly excluded, which means the fish must either be baked, steamed or boiled. Researchers have repeatedly proven that when fish is fried, all its beneficial properties are lost, so you can reassure yourself that you are not just following a diet for cholecystitis, but are getting healthy food products that retain their wonderful properties. As for eggs, they can only be eaten soft-boiled or in a bag, in the form of an omelet or added to other dishes, and do not abuse the quantity, no more than 1 piece per day (preferably 1 yolk per day), and hard-boiled or fried eggs (scrambled eggs ) should be excluded.

Dairy

Milk soups with pasta and cereals are very healthy. You should not eat full-fat milk, cottage cheese, cream, fermented baked milk, fatty cheeses and fatty sour cream. If you have cholecystitis, you can drink milk, especially with tea, you can also have condensed milk, low-fat cottage cheese, a little low-fat sour cream, but not sharp cheeses - Dutch, Russian.

However, the modern “wild” food market is replete with low-quality goods. And even seemingly natural products contain various additives. Tons of palm oil are exported to Russia, the dangers of which most manufacturers are silent about and do not indicate it in the composition of their products.

But palm oil is added to cheeses, cottage cheese, and other dairy products, ice cream, butter, all baked goods, muffins, confectionery, chocolate, etc., and this type of oil is very harmful to all organs of the digestive system .

But what to do? Purchase products of the highest quality from trusted manufacturers, do not buy cheap dairy and other products, as this indicates the use of cheap substitutes for natural products. The same applies to glazed cheese curds, ice cream, and cakes. They are not made from natural milk and cream, but from milk powder that goes through several stages of chemical processes, and it is difficult for the human body, liver, pancreas and gall bladder to cope with such a chemical attack.

Smoked meats, canned food, marinades

Any canned food, smoked sausages, smoked fish, canned fish, pickled vegetables (cucumbers, tomatoes, etc.) are prohibited for consumption.

From plant products

should be excluded - green onions, radishes, garlic, spinach, radish, sorrel. Seasonings include pepper, horseradish, mustard, spicy ketchup, mayonnaise,... Among the permitted spices you can use dill, parsley, vanillin, cinnamon, cloves, bay leaf.

Porridge

Semi-viscous and crumbly porridges are very useful, especially oatmeal and buckwheat (see). If you rinse the cereal in the evening, pour boiling water over it, add salt, heat it up in the morning and eat it - this is the best way to preserve nutrients and vitamins. You can also diversify your menu with various casseroles from cereals, pasta, you can make various puddings, vegetable and pasta side dishes.

All over the world, with the development of the food industry and the availability of its finished products, as well as semi-finished products for purchase by every person, its channels are also growing. The statistics on this situation are as follows: in well-developed countries, 15-25% of the population suffers from the disease, and in less developed countries up to 10%.

Depending on the stage of the disease, treatment may be therapeutic or surgical. However, in any case, adherence to a diet for gallstone disease is also required.

Stages of the disease

During gallstone disease there are three stages.

1. Chemical. At this time, the production of normal bile by the gallbladder is disrupted. As a result, it contains a large amount of cholesterol and a small amount of phospholipids and bile acids. If the disease is not detected at this stage and appropriate treatment methods, including diet, are not adopted, then solid flakes and crystals form from the pathogenic bile. These processes can last for many years, stones begin to form and the second stage begins.
2. Stone-carrying(asymptomatic or latent). This period is characterized by stagnation of bile and active stone formation, most often occurring against the background of inflammation of the gallbladder mucosa and inflammation of its walls. During research, “silent” stones are diagnosed. The duration of this stage can be 11 years, when a person does not feel obvious concerns.
3. Calculous (clinical) or the period when the formed stones manifest themselves in the form of pain symptoms (pain in the right hypochondrium, hepatic colic) and feelings of malaise (bitterness in the mouth, belching, flatulence, bloating, etc.). The course of the disease at this stage can be different - acute, long-term with periodic exacerbations, sluggish. It all depends on the size of the stones and their location. But in any case, it cannot be ignored.

Along with medical methods (drug therapy, surgery), a diet is recommended to alleviate the condition and prevent complications and for the general treatment of gallstone disease.

In official medical practice, a special diet No. 5 has been developed, which recommends the following approaches when organizing the nutrition system for people suffering from cholelithiasis:

• reducing the amount of food high in cholesterol in the diet in order to prevent the process of stone formation (most gallstones consist of cholesterol);
• in small portions 5-6 times a day;
• eating warm foods that help dilute bile;
• It is undesirable to eat cold and hot food;
• the daily intake of water should be 2 liters;
• weekly fasting days on cucumbers, kefir, apples, cottage cheese.

Useful products for this disease are:

• cottage cheese, kefir, cheese, which contain proteins and calcium necessary for the body, and also help create a more alkaline environment for bile, which prevents an increase in its viscosity and thickness;
• for the normal production of bile acids, lean fish and meat, egg whites, olive and other vegetable oils are useful;
• to reduce the processes of bile crystallization, it is necessary to consume foods high in vitamins A, B, C (berries, vegetables, fruits);
• foods rich in magnesium - porridge from oatmeal, millet, buckwheat and barley, dried fruits;
• to increase intestinal motility and prevent constipation, you should eat prunes, beets and foods high in plant fiber;
• vegetarian soups;
• It is useful to drink mineral water (“Esentuki No. 17”).

Prohibited products are:

• fatty meat and fish, lard, animal fats and products based on them (butter), fat-based sauces (mayonnaise, etc.), egg yolk;
• fried foods, smoked meats, meat and other canned food, meat and fish broths, mushroom soups are excluded from the diet;
• sweet flour products;
• berries and fruits of sour varieties;
• cocoa and products based on it (chocolate, creams, etc.), coffee;
• alcohol;
• hot spices, vinegar-based marinades, hot seasonings;
• sour and carbonated drinks.

Menu

Diet No. 5 for gallstone disease offers the following sample menu:

• for breakfast- cottage cheese pudding 130 g, oatmeal with olive oil 150 g, a glass of tea with milk;
• for afternoon tea- sweet apple;
• for lunch- a portion of vegetarian soup, stewed vegetables (preferably carrots) in olive oil 150 g with a piece of boiled meat 70 g, 200 g of rosehip decoction;
• for afternoon tea- 200 g of rosehip decoction with lean crackers or bread;
• for dinner- a side dish of boiled potatoes 150 g, a piece of boiled fish 100 g and vegetable cutlets made from cabbage and carrots with vegetable oil, tea;
• 2 hours before bedtime- a glass of kefir.

This course is carried out over a long period of 1.5-2 years. Dishes and ingredients can be changed by following the basic diet recommendations.

In cases where exacerbations of the disease occur, diet No. 5a is used. Its duration is 1.5-2 weeks. After this, they switch to long-term diet No. 5.

• for the first breakfast- 150 g semolina porridge, 100 g egg white omelette, 200 g tea with milk;
• for 2nd breakfast- buckwheat porridge in olive oil 150 g with steamed meat cutlets 100-120 g, a piece of white stale bread, tea;
• for lunch- half a serving of vegetarian soup based on rice and vegetables, boiled chicken fillet 100 g, buckwheat porridge with vegetable oil 150 g, milk-based jelly dessert 100 g;
• for dinner- side dish of mashed potatoes 150 g, a piece of boiled fish 100 g, tea with milk;
• 2 hours before bedtime You can drink a glass of kefir.

Careful diet during gallstone disease effectively helps reduce the risk of surgery and also helps stop the pathological process.

Video about nutrition for gallstone disease

Video about cholelithiasis