natural links. What are they and how do they increase the security threshold of link promotion. Price security threshold Enterprise security threshold

In 2017-2018, they became even more relevant. Especially since search engine filters for SEO links have become commonplace. In particular, Yandex with its Minusinsk. SEO-links (not only rented, but also eternal in articles) are often not taken into account, and may be a minus for the site.

1. Forecasts on the relevance of using natural links for 2018

In December 2017, the Referr service made such an expert survey “What links will work in 2018? Analytics from 65+ experts". Interesting to read.

This is besides the fact that natural and pseudo-natural links are airbag from reference filters(up to a certain threshold). If there are more of them in your link profile, the more SEO links you can buy (but only do it in a quality way).

What is natural link mass?

Primarily varied.

If the link profile is natural, good, then it contains links:

- of the most different types - closed in nofollow, noindex, open, direct, via script, active, mentions
- a variety of types and anchors
- to different pages of your site
from different types of sites.

Comments on websites, aturich and some kind of manual creative link building - this is additional, on its own.

In the TOP Base, I just try to collect live sites of various types - it is extremely useful in work, saves a lot, a lot of time - not hours, but days to search for suitable sites. There is no other such base in Runet, therefore, either make your work easier or assemble it yourself.

It is sorted by subject and region and other categories - about 16 thousand sites, almost 2000 categories and subcategories for ease of use.

But, of course, you have to work. It's not the kind of tool where you go and post on every site and get posted everywhere. It is necessary to make high-quality texts, and each project has its own specifics. It is on the quality of your placement that your exhaust depends primarily.

And it will also be necessary to quickly weed out those that do not fit, or on which it was not possible to accommodate. You will quickly determine the most suitable for you by eye. The base is just a primary wide manual screening and sorting by an experienced specialist of live sites suitable for free hosting, and then you yourself, specifically for your case, determine what to use, where to host.

Either way, it's much faster. It takes me all day to find 100 new live forums in any topic - 6-7 hours at last count. And in the database I have more than 7 thousand live forums.

And most often, a natural link is placed in places where visitors go (and not in some hidden sections, as sites that sell articles on exchanges often do), and within the main content (and not in the footer, sidebar, like this most often it happens with a leased link such as from the Sape exchange, etc.).

Getting natural links is usually poorly scalable, and in each case you have to put your head in one way or another. Therefore, the results of working even with the same database always differ by several times, if not dozens of times.

There is another option, such as Spamming.

Of course, it is ideal if the link is from a trusted, non-spam and also thematic site. But, as I wrote above,
a natural link can easily be from a spammy site - from a press release, or a large forum that puts direct links, for example.

Another thing is if the site sells links from stock exchanges, this link will be worse. Now there is a good service from -. It works completely free and without registration, you can check if sites sell links on exchanges like sape, etc., and a couple of popular exchanges of eternal links are also taken into account - Gougetlinks and Rotapost.

Sergey Koksharov (Devaka) in 2013 wrote an article “What does a natural link look like. 10 signs ". In principle, it is still fully relevant.

As Sergey Koksharov writes in it:

“The main property that unites all the signs listed below is a link made by a person for a person.”

Below (at the end of the article) I will provide several videos from the Yandex webmaster (the official conference from the leading search engine), where the speakers present their point of view on what is a natural link and how it can be obtained in non-standard ways.

Many webmasters are rather skeptical about the report from Yandex and the one they conducted. it is not clear how to extract such links, which Yandex chose as winners, for ordinary commercial projects - corporate sites, online stores. But, in principle, this is possible if, for example, you maintain a high-quality blog on the same domain. Well, in general, it is useful to look at these materials in any case.

3. Threshold for buying SEO links and placing natural ones

Here I heard different opinions lately.

A year ago, in his detailed webinar about Minusinsk, Dmitry Sevalnev, based on thorough large-scale research, gave a threshold of 300-400 purchased SEO links. Later lowered the threshold to approximately 250 unique SEO donors(not SEO links, but donor sites) - so that it is definitely safe. And he also said that it is very desirable to dilute the link mass with natural links. That is, even for the largest portals or online stores today it is highly discouraged to purchase too many links.

Alexander Alaev, for example, in his link guide, written a couple of years ago, based on his experience, based on the feeling that after buying about 100 links to a site, the rest have almost no effect, recommends smoothly buying about 100 links, diluting them immediately and then natural.

Here is a quote from his manual:
“So the answer to the question of how many links you can buy is: 100 pieces. – safe threshold, 250 pcs. - acceptable threshold.

Both of these well-known experts and a number of others say that the use of natural links allows you to increase the security of the site's link promotion and increase the threshold for purchasing SEO links (if desired).

“Natural links are an important aspect that directly affects the threshold for purchased links. The more natural links to your site, the higher the acceptable threshold for buying seo links. Links in the anchors of which commercial keywords are not used, links placed on the thematic site in the appropriate context, links that are clicked can be considered natural.
Alexander Alaev.

True, I do not quite agree with the proportions of anchor and non-anchor links given by Alexander Alaev in his guide. I would increase the percentage of non-anchor a little, although there is still a moot point what he considers anchorless, whether he considers various brand mentions to be anchor or non-anchor, for example. And the fact that he recommends making all link anchors unique is a very good and right moment.

To work with link exchanges you can’t do without a program (here with a link of 15%) and an online service (there is a promo code on CheckTrust for you for a 30% DISCOUNT, and the first 500 checks are free) - both tools work very well for checking the quality of donor sites. Today, without them, it is better not to buy links.

When I asked him how he works today in filtering SEO link donors on exchanges, he replied like this:

“I am guided by a simple principle - I take the best available.

I drive the link base into CheckTrust, and then filter it, choosing links with the highest trust, the least spam, no AGS, sometimes I look at other parameters, but usually this is enough.”

I, on my own, do exactly the same thing. But at the same time, I always (without exception) look at how alive and active the site is. This also largely guarantees how long he (and the link) will live.

Regarding the volumes for placing free natural links I wrote above - I recommend 200-300 successful placements per month for a zero site in terms of link mass. If the site is not zero, you can increase it a little - one and a half times.

Here are a couple more screenshots from Alexander's presentation at the AllinTop 2016 conference:

so bad:

so good:

4. Other helpful articles and videos

Several videos from the 4th Yandex Webmaster (dated November 20, 2015):

"Natural Link Magic"(Ekaterina Gladkikh, Yandex)
Here, including, more about the competition "Natural Link 2015" from Yandex.

Check Point has released new products to the Russian market: the hierarchical security management system Multi-Domain Security Management and the Series 80 Appliance multifunction device. Both products are based on the software blade architecture that Check Point unveiled last year. This architecture, designed to make the protection system more flexible, is assembled in a modular way, so that the customer can purchase individual modules as needed.

The updated hierarchical security management system was previously implemented as a monolithic platform for Provider-1 telecom operators. The essential difference of the modular version is the possibility of gradual expansion of the system capabilities. The product allows customers to divide the corporate network into several domains, each of which will be managed by its own administrator. At the same time, using the Global Policy Software Blade module, a global set of rules is formed for the entire company, which cannot be changed by domain zone administrators - each of them can only add rules to their own domain. There can be only one global domain, but there can be several subordinates, and they form a hierarchical structure of delegation of authority.

Sales of the multi-domain security system will be carried out in accordance with the new pricing principle: by purchasing licenses for various modules, the customer will be able to turn a single-domain information security management system into a multi-domain one. To do this, it is enough to buy a license for the Global Policy module and the required number of licenses for the Security Domain module. The protection system formed in this way can be installed on a server of standard architecture. However, Check Point also offers its own SMART-1 device, which comes with a multi-domain management system.

If the Provider-1 system, being aimed at the operator market, by its price parameters hardly met the needs of business clients, then the new product - Multi-Domain Security Management - can be effectively used in corporate networks as well. The customer can build a hierarchical security management system using their own security devices and multiple security domains.

Along with the development of new products, Check Point's efforts are also focused on optimizing the pricing model.

Perhaps, in conditions of instability in the corporate market, this strategy is the most advantageous. The head of the Check Point representative office in Russia, Yulia Grekova, defined the situation as follows: “We are lowering the price threshold and we hope that this will help small and medium-sized enterprises implement a flexible security product management system.”

Another new Check Point product, the Series 80 Appliance, is a feature-rich appliance for protecting branch offices from various types of information security threats.

This appliance is equipped with 10 Gigabit Ethernet ports and, based on integrated blade programs, can perform the functions of a firewall, virtual private network host, intrusion prevention system, gateway antivirus, spam or URL filter.

The cost of this complex varies in the range of 2.5-3.5 thousand dollars, depending on the set of licenses - this is the cheapest Check Point hardware product that supports blade software technology.

Example 6.4. Security threshold

The graphic representation of the relationships, in comparison with their description in the form of formulas and numbers, is more visual and allows you to immediately create a complete impression of the nature of the relationships under consideration. For example, simply stating that a facility has a safety margin of 68.75% has much less effect than a graphical representation of the same fact. A well-designed graph can emphasize the significance of a high or low safety threshold without using complicated-looking formulas. However, the graphical representation has the disadvantage of inaccuracy, since plotting data on a graph with absolute accuracy is quite difficult. But this is not the reason for the complete abandonment of the graphical representation. In most cases, the data displayed graphically are associated with estimates, which are themselves subject to the risk of error, and the use of computers can greatly reduce the inaccuracy of the graphical performance.

What is the maximum issuance volume If this is not known, choose a volume that is high enough to fit both break-even and estimated sales volume. This will show the safety threshold if necessary.

Based on the data in Example 6.5, determine the break-even point (in units of production), the threshold of safety (as a percentage of the estimated sales volume) and the sales volume required to make a profit of 9,500 pounds. Art.

Obviously, the original supplier has a better break-even output and the sales volume needed to achieve the target profit is lower (meaning they are easier to reach) and the safety threshold is higher (meaning that profits are less affected by a downturn in demand).

Calculate the value of the safety threshold for two variants of the product range

Why, for the conditions of example 6.7, the break-even point and the volume of sales required to obtain 9500 f.st. profit, higher, and the security threshold is lower than for the conditions of example 6.6

The safety threshold is the difference between the estimated (actual) and break-even sales volumes. It reflects the exposure of earnings to fluctuations in demand. For comparison purposes, it can be expressed as a percentage of the estimated (or actual) sales volume.

For the bakery, the safety threshold is 40%, and the estimated sales revenue for the next year is £70,000. What is the breakeven revenue

Madame Q has two newsstands and expects next year's revenue to be £200,000, variable costs up to 40% of revenue, fixed costs £61,200. To make a profit of £82,800. Art., it is proposed to include toys in the assortment. If this proposal is implemented, sales revenue will increase to £230,000, a higher safety threshold for toys will reduce variable costs by up to 35% of sales. At the same time, fixed costs will increase by £2,250.

Safety threshold as a percentage of the estimated sales volume

To calculate the safety threshold, it is necessary to determine the estimated number of occupied stall-days (ie, estimated sales volume) for the analyzed period.

The value of the safety threshold will also be affected by a change in the estimated sales volume from 440,000 to (440,000 1.2) = = 528,000 f.st.

For financial reasons, the best option is the original option, which has the lowest break-even point and the highest threshold of safety.

Thus, the enterprise cannot, without suffering a loss, sell less than 10,000 products. The difference between the planned (Q) and critical sales volumes is called the safety zone (edge, safety threshold). In our example, it is 2000 items.

Therefore, if the actual sales volume is less than the planned one by more than 16.7%, then the enterprise will cross the safety threshold and incur a loss.

Minimum standards have been developed to give an idea of ​​the safety threshold and,

The safety zone (edge, safety threshold), which is the difference between the planned (gm) and critical sales volumes, for our example is only 8 products (100 - 92 = 8).

When determining MPC, the degree of impact on human health is taken into account, as well as the impact on various components of nature - flora and fauna, microorganisms, soils. For some particularly toxic elements that are carcinogenic in nature, the effect of ionizing radiation

For some particularly toxic elements that have a carcinogenic effect, the effect of ionizing radiation, there are no lower safety thresholds, and therefore no MPC. Any excess of their usual natural backgrounds is dangerous for living organisms, at least genetically, in the chain of generations.

The difference between the estimated (or actual) and break-even sales volumes is called the margin of safety. The higher the margin of safety, the less profit is affected by a decline in demand.

Suppose the decision of the company relates to the normal course of business, i.e. providing £250,000 revenue for the month during which it is expected to fulfill obligations under the new contract. The danger then is that in this case too we can automatically consider the fixed overheads as irrelevant, and therefore underestimate the magnitude of the costs. This, in turn, will significantly affect the results of calculating the break-even parameters (see Chapter 6), ceteris paribus, the break-even volume of output will be underestimated, and the safety threshold will be overestimated. Hence, the idea of ​​the reliability of the profitability indicators of the estimated sales volumes is distorted, which can (in an exceptional case) initiate the stimulation of an increase in sales, up to a loss. Moreover, as will be shown in Chap. 8, underestimating costs can lead to an artificially low selling price. Although in some circumstances this is justified, it comes into conflict with

In cases where, in order to calculate the risk value by outcomes, they are guided by a retrospective (what was it like then ...), the given risk table is presented by individual authors as a regret matrix using the minimax principle, minimizing the maximum value of regret. In our strategy, the maximum regret is 35 > 2° > 15 units, respectively. Minimax strategy b has a level (threshold) of regret security equal to 15 units.

Break-even analysis is a rather simple in form and deep in content tool for planning and making managerial decisions in a commercial organization. The basis for making decisions regarding production activities is the consideration of options for possible changes in the market situation. Since the enterprise plan is a system of indicator values ​​that the enterprise intends to achieve in the future, its implementation will depend on many factors. In the process of drawing up plans, the management of the enterprise will have to solve the following tasks:

- determine the volume of production, which will not only cover the costs, but also allow you to get the desired level of profit;

– determine the level of costs that allows you to remain competitive in the market.

Break-even analysis allows to solve these problems. There are other names for this procedure in the literature, for example: "critical sales volume method", "dead point method", "zero profit point method", "operational analysis", "marginal method", "costs - volume - profit" method ”, or CVP analysis (Cost - Volume - Profit).

The essence of the method is to determine for each specific situation the volume of output that ensures break-even activity.

One-component break-even analysis.

The simplest is the break-even analysis of single-product production, i.e. production that produces only one type of product. In the general case, excluding tax effects, the operating profit of the enterprise (P) for the reporting period is formed as follows:

P \u003d VR - Z post - Z lane;

where BP is the company's revenue for the period in monetary units, BP = c × Q;

q - selling price of a unit of production, rub.;

Q - sales volume in physical terms, pieces, kg, etc.;

Z post - fixed costs, rub.;

Z lane - total variable costs, rub.

If we designate specific variable costs in rubles. - z lane, then the formula can be represented in the following form:

P \u003d (c - z lane) × Q - Z post.

Breakeven point (Q cr)- this is an indicator characterizing the volume of sales of products, at which the company's revenue from the sale of products (works, services) allows you to cover all costs and reach a zero level of profit (P = 0). The break-even point can be found from the equation:

Another important value that characterizes the cost structure of an enterprise is the value marginal incomeor contribution enterprises. Marginal income at manufacturing enterprises is the difference between the company's revenue from the sale of products (works, services) and the variable costs incurred by the enterprise in the process of producing these products (works, services). Distinguish the value of the total marginal income (MD):

MD \u003d VR - Z lane \u003d c × Q - c lane × Q \u003d (c - c lane) × Q

and specific marginal income ( md):

md\u003d c - z lane.

There is another way to determine the amount of marginal income. The value of marginal income can be determined by adding the fixed costs and profits of the enterprise:

MD = 3 post. + P.

The dependence model of the indicators under consideration can be built graphically (Figure 6.2).

Rice. 6.2. Break even chart

A widely held and highly illustrative representation of earnings growth above the break-even point is shown in Figure 2. 7.3. On this graph, the line 3 full is the x-axis. The y-axis reflects the amount of "divergence" between the straight lines "Revenue" and Zfull, i.e. the amount of profit. When issuing below Qcr, the value on the y-axis will be negative (which corresponds to losses), and above Qcr - positive (profit). The slope of this graph to the x-axis will be equal to specific marginal income, and its intersection with the y-axis is the value Zfast, which is understandable - at zero output, losses are equal to the amount of fixed costs.

Rice. 6.3. Dependence of profit on the volume of output

The volume of production Q kr corresponds to the amount of revenue BP kr, which, by analogy with the release, is also called break-even point, in monetary units only:

or otherwise:

,

where umd- the share of marginal income in the price.

The conclusion follows from the second formula: the higher the share of variable costs in the selling price of the product (ratio z per / c), the higher the break-even point. Otherwise, the lower the share of marginal income in revenue, the more products the company should produce in order to cover fixed costs and start making a profit.

Another indicator is calculated as part of the break-even analysis - safety threshold(otherwise called marginal margin of safety).This indicator is calculated asdifference between real volume and breakeven point and indicates how much output can be reduced before the company begins to incur losses. As already noted, the larger the output, the higher the profit. The higher the volume of production, the less fearful the fluctuations of market conditions are for the enterprise - the more fluctuations in costs and revenues it can painlessly endure, remaining in the "profit zone".

Obviously, each specific volume of output has its own volume of security.

Consider the methodology of break-even analysis using an example.

Example.

The production enterprise "Zarya" is engaged in the production of dumplings. To develop a work plan for the next quarter, a break-even analysis of this one-product production is carried out. Planned variable costs per 1 kg of finished products of the enterprise are 3 per = 39 rubles. Fixed expenses for the quarter will be Z post = 480,000 rubles. The selling price of 1 kg of dumplings is planned at the level of c = 67.5 rubles. Breakeven point

.

Such a volume of production will cover all costs and reach zero profit. If the production for the quarter does not reach 16,842 kg, the financial result of the enterprise will be negative, and the activity will be unprofitable.

Based on the level of annual profitability desired by the owners of the enterprise, the following level of target profit is set - 100,000 rubles. Calculate how much output will allow you to get such a profit.

Having studied the market situation and the possibilities of their own enterprise, the management of Zarya planned the output of Q dumplings for the next quarter - 20,000 kg. With this volume of production, the level of profit will be:

P \u003d (c - z lane) × Q cr - Z post. \u003d (67.5 - 39) × 20,000 - 480,000 \u003d 90,000 rubles.

Safety threshold:

The flexible budget of the company provides for the possibility of an unfavorable situation in the planning period, which may lead to an increase in rent, and, accordingly, fixed costs by 40,000 rubles. The managers of the organization do not consider it possible to increase the selling price of dumplings, since it is determined by the market. The easiest way to maintain the estimated level of profit is to cut variable costs. What savings in variable costs (s * ln) will allow you to cope with an unfavorable situation?

Therefore, the enterprise should achieve savings in variable costs in the amount of (39 - 37) = 2 rubles. per 1 kg of product. However, technologists and employees of the supply department, having studied all the possibilities for saving variable costs, came to the conclusion that it was impossible to achieve savings of more than 1.3 rubles. How much fixed cost savings would such a situation require?

Z * post \u003d (c - s * lane) × Qplan - P \u003d (67.5 - 37.7) × 20,000 - 90,000 \u003d 506,000 rubles.

506,000 - 40,000 \u003d 466,000 rubles.

480,000 - 466,000 \u003d 14,000 rubles.

Thus, in order to compensate for a possible increase in rent, the managers of the enterprise should, in addition to saving variable costs in the amount of 1.3 rubles. per 1 kg of products, it is necessary to find an opportunity to save 14,000 rubles in the existing structure of fixed costs.

A great help for the agro-industrial complex was the increase in the availability of credit resources, achieved through large-scale state subsidies. The priority of supporting the countryside was once again emphasized in the Address of Russian President Dmitry Medvedev to the Federal Assembly.

Already, private farms account for about half of the agricultural products produced in Tatarstan. However, in order to survive in the face of fierce competition, peasants need to learn how to produce products on an industrial scale, master advanced technologies, and organize the marketing of products. How to help them with this? In our republic, for example, a set of measures providing for grant support, favorable credit and leasing conditions, provision of vacant premises, agricultural machinery and much more on preferential terms is provided by law.

We are faced with the task of making agriculture a profitable business, a leader in terms of economic growth for years to come. But this requires high-quality legislative regulation. Until now, Russia has no law on food security, which would clearly spell out the relationship between the state and agricultural producers and establish the minimum share of domestic agricultural products in the total volume of commodity resources of the domestic market. Now, according to experts, the share of imported food in general is about 40 percent, which is twice the food security threshold.

It is long overdue that there is a need to regulate the relationship between producers, processors and sellers of agricultural products at the legislative level. The current situation is such that in the final price of the product, the share of the manufacturer in Russia accounts for only about 20 percent of the cost of the goods, while in countries with developed market economies this figure is several times higher.

Some existing federal laws also need serious adjustment. In particular, the Law "On the Development of Agriculture" should appear as a separate article regulating the ratio of prices for agricultural products and related sectors of the economy, as well as the creation of an appropriate mechanism for state compensation to agricultural producers. In order not to return every time in a fire order to seasonal fluctuations in fuel prices or a decrease beyond the profitability of prices for milk and grain.

The Federal Law "On Insolvency (Bankruptcy)" also needs to be amended, which does not yet sufficiently take into account the specifics of agricultural production. In Tatarstan, half of the organizations undergoing bankruptcy proceedings are precisely agricultural formations. And I want to say frankly that this system, in the form in which it was originally conceived, is not working properly now.