Pretty soon he settled in. Send by email. Often homogeneous members are connected in pairs

Punctuation marks in sentences with homogeneous members

Task A 23

1) In the evenings, children and adults gathered around the table and read aloud.

2) Intonation always lies on the border between verbal and non-verbal said and unsaid.

3) Ivan was almost always sleepy and lazy.

4) I wanted to catch a bear somewhere in a clearing or fishing on the river bank.

2. Indicate a sentence that requires one comma. (There are no punctuation marks.)

1) The fruits of this plant are healthy and tasty and have a wonderful aroma
2) From the window one could see the trunks of cherry trees and a piece of the alley.
3) The study of the growth of unusual crystals has theoretical, practical and general scientific significance.
4) Ancient Spanish craftsmen used either stone or brick masonry when building castles.

3. Indicate a sentence that requires one comma. (There are no punctuation marks.)

1) Art and science and life experience are both useful for personal development.
2) Rude or even unkind behavior of people can spoil the mood of others.
3) Memory accumulates good experience and traditions and constantly resists the destructive force of time.
4) Good manners and properly developed behavior will bring a person both a good mood and the respect of others.

4. Indicate a sentence that requires only one comma. (There are no punctuation marks.)

1) Walking or talking with a friend were equally pleasant for me.
2) Dusk hid the outlines of Olga’s face and figure and threw a blanket over her.
3) Study and work will grind everything down.
4) In college, he enthusiastically studied both the humanities and natural and mathematical disciplines

5. Write a sentence that requires only one comma. (There are no punctuation marks.)

1) The guest entered and within five minutes mastered the conversation and became the center of society.
2) I wanted a lot but didn’t catch anything.
3) About eight guests and the owners gathered in the living room.
4) Almost every evening they went to the forest or to a waterfall

6. Indicate a sentence that requires only one comma. (There are no punctuation marks.)

1) In the evenings, children and adults gathered around the table and read aloud.
2) Intonation always lies on the border between verbal and non-verbal said and unsaid.
3) Ivan was almost always sleepy and lazy.
4) I wanted to catch a bear somewhere in a clearing or fishing on the river bank.

7. Specify a sentence that requires one comma. (There are no punctuation marks.)

1) The work went quickly and cheerfully and was completed on time.
2) Participles are capable of both figuratively describing an object or phenomenon and presenting its characteristic in dynamics.
3) The illogic of combining words creates a special psychological effect and attracts the reader’s attention and enhances imagery.
4) Pretty soon he settled down in this area and made friends with the neighbors.

8. Indicate a sentence that requires only one comma. (There are no punctuation marks.)

1) In the evening, Vadim went to his room and sat down to re-read the letter and write a response.
2) I didn’t hear anything else because I fell asleep unnoticed.
3) He went to the window and saw only pipes and roofs.
4) It would be nice to see paintings by Rembrandt or Titian in our museum someday.

9. Indicate a sentence that requires one comma. (There are no punctuation marks.)

1) Some watercolor works relate to both painting and graphics.
2) The ocean seems to have frozen and rumbles quietly and insinuatingly.
3) You can give your answers orally or in writing.
4) The watermelon is ripe and sugary and very tasty.

10. Specify the sentence in which you want to putonecomma. (There are no punctuation marks.)

1) The writer’s individuality is also manifested in the preference for one or another color epithet.
2) Almost every French sculptor worked simultaneously in the historical-mythological and portrait and landscape genres.
3) Green could describe in detail both the bend of the river and the location of houses, both ancient forests and cozy seaside towns.
4) The forest rustled, sometimes soothingly and melodiously, sometimes impetuously and alarmingly.

Keys: 1.2, 2. 4, 3. 4, 4. 4, 5. 2, 6. 2, 7. 2, 8. 2, 9. 1, 10. 4

OPTION 13 Unified State Exam 2015

Part 1

The answers to tasks 1-24 are a number, a word, a phrase or sequence of words, numbers . Write the answer in the answer field in the body of the work, and then transfer

in ANSWER FORM No. 1 to the right of the task number, starting from the first cell, Write each letter and number in a separate box in accordance with the samples given in the form.

Read the text and complete tasks 1 – 3.

(1) The human desire to rise into airspace and move around in it as an idea has existed for a long time. (2) The main role in the emergence of such a desire and in the first attempts to realize it was played by the existence of birds and flying insects on Earth. (3) The ability to rise into the air, the ability to move in the ocean of air without a support point on the ground, seemed feasible to man only if he mastered the same devices for flight that a bird has.

1. Which of the following sentences correctly conveysHOME information contained in the text?

1) Flying insects played the main role in the emergence of the desire to fly in humans.

2) Man’s long-standing dream of moving in the air seemed feasible only if he mastered the same devices for flight that birds have.

3) The human dream of moving through the air has existed for a very long time, and people did everything possible to make it come true.

4) Man has long dreamed of moving in the air without a support point.

5) Man dreamed of the opportunity to fly and considered it possible if he mastered the same devices for flight that birds have.

2. Which of the following words (combinations of words) should appear in the gap in the third (3) sentence of the text? Write down this word (combination of words).

first of all, of course, although even

Answer:_______________________________________

3. Read a fragment of a dictionary entry that gives the meaning of the word SPACE. Determine the meaning in which this word is used in the first (1) sentence of the text. Write down the number corresponding to this value in the given fragment of the dictionary entry.

SPACE , -a, cf.

1) One of the forms (along with time) of the existence of infinitely developing matter, characterized by extension and volume.Outside of time and space there is no movement of matter.

2) Extent, a place not limited by visible limits.Nebesnoe p. Air p. Steppe spaces. Throughout the entire desert. See in p. (about the unseeing, absent gaze).

3) The space between something, the place where something is. fits.Free space between the window and the door.

Answer:_______________________________________

4. One of the words below contains an error in stress placement:WRONG The letter denoting the stressed vowel sound is highlighted. Write this word down.

INTENTION ARRIVAL Beautiful mosaic bows

Answer:_______________________________________

5. In one of the sentences belowWRONG The highlighted word is used.Correct the mistake and write the word correctly.

The travel company is obliged to PROVIDE the consumer with information about its state registration and the name of the body that registered it.

FICTION cinema includes almost all works of cinema, with the exception of some documentary films.

In accordance with the “Rules for the Provision of Postal Services,” a registered letter is considered delivered only when the ADDRESSEE personally signs the delivery receipt.

After a wet snowfall, it is necessary to SHAKE the snow off the tree branches so that they do not break.

Readers loved this GREAT novel.

Answer:_______________________________________

6. In one of the words highlighted below, an error was made in the formation of the word form.Correct the mistake and write the word correctly.

LET'S TRY THE HARDEST kilogram of APPLES

THEIR structures are a pair of TOWELS

Answer:_______________________________________

7. Establish a correspondence between the sentences and the grammatical errors made in them: for each position in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.

OFFERS

A) After reading the play by A.V. Vampilova, I wanted to see her production in the theater.

B) Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky wrote in his book “The Diaries of a Writer” that the highest and most characteristic of the Russian people is a sense of justice.

B) Those who read the critical article by N.A. Dobrolyubov, is familiar with the critic’s assessment of the “dark kingdom”.

D) A.P. Chekhov recalled that “my sisters and I knew French, German and English.”

D) Thanks to the creativity of the writer E.V. Nosov’s people become kinder, more generous in soul.

Answer:

8. Identify the word in which the unstressed vowel of the root being tested is missing. Write out this word by inserting the missing letter.

alm..nah..position yourself in front..directive touching..sleeping enrichment..enrichment

Answer:_______________________________________

9. Identify the row in which the same letter is missing in both words in the prefix. Write out these words by inserting the missing letter.

by..sunflower, oh..give up pr..found, pr..sea

be..culture, scatter pre..history, post..impressionism

pr..rotate, pr..urban

Answer:_______________________________________

10. E .

dried root..howl straw..nka develop..persistent..

Answer:_______________________________________

11. Write down the word in which a letter is written in place of the gapAND .

transported..throw it away..use a code..my

encouraging..my opening a crack..sh

Answer:_______________________________________

12. Determine the sentence in whichNOT with the word it is writtenFULL . Open the brackets and write down this word.

Alyosha was a quiet, delicate person: in his entire life he (NOT) TOLD an offensive word to people.

Nikolai (DID NOT) have enough patience to carry out his plan to the end.

(NOT) ANYONE walked through the gate and turned towards his brother's house.

The writer was reflecting on a still (UN)FINISHED story.

The phenomenon of a lunar eclipse was noted (NOT) TIMES.

Answer:_______________________________________

13. Identify the sentence in which both highlighted words are writtenFULL . Open the brackets and write down these two words.

There is no way to see the figure of the prodigal son in the picture, his face is almost invisible, but (IN)FOLLOWING him we mentally fall to our knees and experience the meeting with the father in the SAME way as the returning son.

(B)DURING the day M.V. Lomonosov observed the passage of Venus across the solar disk and (B)SUBSEQUENTLY published his findings in a special work.

(C) DUE to the fact that the work of electrical potential forces does not depend on the shape of the path of a single charge, the SAME voltage appears on each of the parallel-connected conductors.

In response to compelling arguments, the doctor agreed to be my second, I gave him the SAME (SAME) several instructions (ON) CONCERNING the conditions of the fight.

We reached the goal (FOR) LIGHT, (WHILE) spending only two hours.

Answer:_______________________________________

14. Indicate all the numbers in whose place it is writtenNN.

The discounted (1) item was sold (2) to a collector, and its former owner, without even visiting (3), went to the station.

Answer:_______________________________________

15. Place punctuation marks. Indicate the numbers of the proposals in which you need to putONE comma.

1) The work went quickly and cheerfully and was completed on time.

2) Participles are capable of both figuratively describing an object or phenomenon and presenting its characteristic in dynamics.

3) The illogic of combining words creates a special psychological effect and attracts the reader’s attention and enhances imagery.

4) Pretty soon he settled down in this area and made friends with the neighbors.

5) Both rye and oats occupy large areas in our country.

Answer:_______________________________________

16. Place punctuation marks:

Mixing with the salty sea winds (1), the smell of citrus fruits (2) creates (3) a healing (4) atmosphere for people.

Answer:_______________________________________

17. Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence.

On one side (1) the mountains were silent, on the other side (2) the sea was noisy. On the one hand (3) cars are useful, and on the other hand (4) everyone knows the harm they cause environment.

Answer:_______________________________________

18. Place punctuation marks : indicate the number(s) that should be replaced by a comma(s) in the sentence.

In the 80s years XIX century Shishkin (1) creates many paintings (2) in the subjects (3) of which (4) he still turns to the life of the Russian forest, Russian meadows and fields.

Answer:_______________________________________

19. Place punctuation marks : indicate all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence.

But the river majestically carries its waters (1) and what does it care about these flowers (2) that float (3) on the water (4) as the ice floes recently floated.

Answer:_______________________________________

Read the text and complete tasks 20 – 25.

(1) The world around us is changing. (2) And language, which exists in a changing world and does not change itself, ceases to fulfill its function. (3) We will not be able to speak about this world in it, because we simply do not have enough words. (4) And it doesn’t really matter whether we are talking about house owls, new technologies or new political and economic realities. (5) Objectively, everything is correct, the language must change, and it is changing. (6) Moreover, delayed changes bring significant inconvenience to people, but very rapid changes can also interfere and irritate.

(7) What exactly bothers me and irritates me?

(8) I don’t like it when I don’t understand certain words in a text or in someone’s speech. (9) Yes, if I understand that this word is from in English, and I can remember what it means there, it annoys me. (10) The day before yesterday I stumbled on street racers, yesterday on trendsetters, today on downshifters, and I know for sure that tomorrow it will only get worse.

(11) You quickly get used to borrowings, and now it is difficult to imagine the Russian language without the word “computer” or even without the word “PR” (although many do not like it). (12) For example, I have long been accustomed to the word “manager,” but I just can’t figure out all these “sales managers,” “account managers,” and the like. (13) I understand that you can’t do without a “real estate specialist” or an “idea specialist”, but it’s terribly annoying that at the same time there are “realtor”, “realtor”, “realtor” and “realtor”, as well as “creator” ", "creator" and "creator". (14) And linguists either simply do not have time to give advice, or give mutually exclusive recommendations.

(15) I once treated with slight irony the emigrants who came to Russia and did not understand some important words, the same “PR”, let’s say. (16) And now I myself, even without leaving anywhere, discovered that I not only don’t understand some words at all, but I understand them only because I know them foreign languages, first of all English. (17) For example, it has become difficult for me to read sports newspapers (for some reason, sports journalists especially do not like to translate from English into Russian, but prefer to borrow straight away). (18) Mysterious “punchers” and “cruisers” appeared in boxing reports; in football reporting - “derby”, “Monegasques” and “Mancunians”. (19) What can I say, I no longer understand what sports we are talking about! (20) I didn’t know what curling, kiting or bungee jumping was (now I know).

(21) What finally finished me off was a hockey report that talked about a Canadian hockey player who scored a goal and made two “assists.” (22) Realizing that we were talking about assists (or assists), I, firstly, was amazed at the capabilities of the language, and secondly, I got angry at the journalist, who was either too lazy to translate the word, or, as they say, “ it's a waste." (23) Then, however, I realized that I was not entirely right not only in relation to the emigrants, but also to the sports journalist. (24) After all, the verb “assist” (in the sense of “making a goal pass”), and the word “assistant” in the corresponding meaning have already become part of Russian sports terminology. (25) So why is “assistance” worse? (26) But in truth, I must say that I have never seen this word again.

(27) I think that almost everyone who pays attention to the language will have complaints about its current state, maybe similar, maybe some other ones (after all, we all have different tastes, including linguistic ones) .

(28) In principle, I am not against slang (and other jargons). (29) I just want to understand where the border is between it and the literary language. (30) In principle, I am not against borrowings, I just want the Russian language to have time to master them; I want to know where to put the emphasis in these words and how to write them correctly. (31) In principle, I am not against linguistic freedom: it (of course, within reasonable limits) promotes creativity and makes speech more expressive.

(32) But I don’t like the chaos of language (which is actually its reverse side), when you no longer understand whether this is a game or illiteracy, expressiveness or rudeness.

(According to M.A. Krongauz*)

* Maxim Anisimovich Krongauz (born in 1058) – Doctor of Philology, author of scientific monographs and numerous publications in periodicals and online publications.

20. Which of the statements correspond to the content of the text? Please provide answer numbers.

1) Modern language stopped performing its main function.

2) The perception of statements in the native language should not be difficult due to the abundance of borrowed words.

3) It is important that the language has time to master foreign language borrowings.

4) The writing and pronunciation of foreign language borrowings that have not yet been mastered by the language today is not always regulated by a strict norm.

5) It is impossible to get used to borrowed words.

Answer:_______________________________________

21. Which of the following statements are true? Please provide answer numbers.

1) Sentences 1-6 contain reasoning.

2) Sentences 8-10 present the narrative.

3) Propositions 15-17 contain reasoning.

4) Proposition 24 explains the content of sentence 23.

5) Sentences 31-32 contain a narrative.

Answer:_______________________________________

22. Write out the phraseological unit from sentences 4-5.

Answer:_______________________________________

23. Among sentences 1-7, find one that is related to the previous one using personal and demonstrative pronouns, lexical repetition. Write the number of this offer.

Answer:_______________________________________

Read a fragment of a review based on the text that you analyzed while completing tasks 20 – 23.

This fragment examines the linguistic features of the text. Some terms used in the review are missing. Insert into the blanks (A, B, C, D) the numbers corresponding to the number of the term from the list. Write down the corresponding number in the table under each letter.

Write down the sequence of numbers in ANSWER FORM No. 1 to the right of task number 24, starting from the first cell, no spaces, commas or other additional characters.

Write each number in accordance with the samples given in the form.

24. “The author’s concern for the problem posed, as well as his desire to understand his feelings caused by the current language situation in society, is revealed by the syntactic means used in the text: (A)___________ (sentence 19) and (B) ___________ (sentences 22, 23 ). At the same time, M. Krongauz strives for the objectivity of his assessments, using for this purpose another syntactic device - (B) ___________ (sentence 25). Analyzing the linguistic situation that has developed in society, the linguist uses as an illustration of his statements lexical device– (D)___________ (for example, “street racer”, “trend setter”, “downshifter” in sentence 10).”

List of terms:

1) context synonyms

2) introductory words

3) phraseology

4) metaphor

5) interrogative sentence

6) opposition

7) borrowed words

8) question-and-answer form of presentation

9) exclamatory sentence

Answer:

Part 2

25. Write an essay based on the text you read.

Formulate and comment on one of the problems posed by the author of the text (avoid excessive quoting).

Formulate position of the author (storyteller). Write whether you agree or disagree with the point of view of the author of the text you read. Explain why. Argue your opinion, relying primarily on reading experience, as well as knowledge and life observations (the first two arguments are taken into account).

The volume of the essay is at least 150 words.

Work written without reference to the text read (not based on this text) is not graded. If the essay is a retelling or completely rewritten of the original text without any comments, then such work is scored zero points.

Write an essay carefully, legible handwriting.

ANSWERS

OPTION 13 Unified State Exam 2015

to the tasks of part 1

№ tasks

INFORMATION ABOUT THE TEXT

PARTS 2

Approximate range of problems

The answers to tasks 1–24 are a word, phrase, number or sequence of words, numbers. Write the answer to the right of the assignment number without spaces, commas or other additional characters.

Read the text and complete tasks 1–3.

(1) The human desire to rise into airspace and move around in it as an idea has existed for a long time. (2) The main role in the emergence of such a desire and in the first attempts to realize it was played by the existence of birds and flying insects on Earth. (3) The ability to rise into the air, the ability to move in the ocean of air without a support point on the ground, ______, seemed feasible to a person only if he mastered the same devices for flight that a bird has.

Which of the following sentences correctly conveys the MAIN information contained in the text?

1. Flying insects played the main role in the emergence of the desire to fly in humans.

2. Man’s long-standing dream of moving in the air seemed feasible only if he mastered the same devices for flight that birds have.

3. The human dream of moving through the air has existed for a very long time, and people did everything possible to make it come true.

4. Man has long dreamed of moving in the air without a support point.

5. A man dreamed of the opportunity to fly and considered it possible if he mastered the same devices for flight that birds have.

Which of the following words (combinations of words) should appear in the gap in the third (3) sentence of the text? Write down this word (combination of words).

2. of course

3. firstly,

Read a fragment of a dictionary entry that gives the meaning of the word SPACE. Determine the meaning in which this word is used in the first (1) sentence of the text. Write down the number corresponding to this value in the given fragment of the dictionary entry.

SPACE, -a, cf.

1. One of the forms (along with time) of the existence of infinitely developing matter, characterized by extension and volume. Outside of time and space there is no movement of matter.

2. Extent, a place not limited by visible limits. Nebesnoe p. Air p. Steppe spaces. Throughout the entire desert. Look in paragraph (about a blind, absent gaze).

3. The space between something, the place where something is. fits. Free space between the window and the door.

In one of the words below, an error was made in the placement of stress: the letter denoting the stressed vowel sound was highlighted incorrectly. Write this word down.

intention

beautiful

mosaic

One of the sentences below uses the highlighted word incorrectly. Correct the mistake and write the word correctly.

1. A travel company is obliged to PROVIDE the consumer with information about its state registration and the name of the body that registered it.

2. FEATURE cinema includes almost all works of cinema, with the exception of some documentary films.

3. In accordance with the “Rules for the Provision of Postal Services,” a registered letter is considered delivered only when the ADDRESSEE personally signs the delivery receipt.

4. After a wet snowfall, it is necessary to SHAKE the snow off the tree branches so that they do not break.

5. Readers loved this GREAT novel.

In one of the words highlighted below, an error was made in the formation of the word form. Correct the mistake and write the word correctly.

LET'S TRY

kilogram of APPLES

pair of TOWELS

THE HARDEST

THEIR buildings

Establish a correspondence between the sentences and the grammatical errors made in them: for each position in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.

OFFERS	GRAMMATICAL ERRORS
A) After reading the play by A.V. Vampilova, I wanted to see her production in the theater.	1) incorrect use of the case form of a noun with a preposition
B) Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky wrote in his book “The Diaries of a Writer” that the highest and most characteristic feature of the Russian people is a sense of justice.	2) violation of the connection between subject and predicate
B) Those who read the critical article by N.A. Dobrolyubov, is familiar with the critic’s assessment of the “dark kingdom”.	3) violation in the construction of a sentence with an inconsistent application
D) A.P. Chekhov recalled that “my sisters and I knew French, German and English.”	4) error in constructing a sentence with homogeneous members
D) Thanks to the creativity of the writer E.V. Nosov’s people become kinder, more generous in soul.	5) incorrect construction of sentences with participial phrases
	6) violation in the construction of sentences with participial phrases
	7) incorrect construction of sentences with indirect speech

Write your answer in numbers without spaces or other symbols

Identify the word in which the unstressed vowel of the root being tested is missing. Write out this word by inserting the missing letter.

alm..nah

settle down

d..directive

touching... falling asleep

enrichment

Identify the row in which the same letter is missing in both words in the prefix. Write out these words by inserting the missing letter.

by..sunflower, oh..throw

pr..found, pr..sea

be..culture, scatter..throw away

pre..history, post..impressionism

pr.. rotate, pr.. city

Write down the word in which the letter E is written in the blank.

arid

corn..howl

straw..nka

master

persistent

Write down the word in which the letter I is written in place of the gap.

roaming around

throw it away..sew

encrypted..my

encouraging..my

opening it...sh

Determine the sentence in which NOT is spelled together with the word. Open the brackets and write down this word.

1. Alyosha was a quiet, delicate person: throughout his life he (NOT) TOLD an offensive word to people.

2. Nikolai (DID NOT) have enough patience to carry out his plans to the end.

3. (NOT) ANYONE walked through the gate and turned towards his brother’s house.

4. The writer was reflecting on the still (UN)FINISHED story.

5. The phenomenon of an eclipse of the Moon was noted (NOT) TIMES.

Determine the sentence in which both highlighted words are written CONTINUOUSLY. Open the brackets and write down these two words.

1. There is no way to see the figure of the prodigal son in the picture, his face is almost invisible, but (B)AFTER him we mentally fall to our knees and experience the meeting with the father in the SAME way as the returning son.

2. (B)DURING the day M.V. Lomonosov observed the passage of Venus across the solar disk and (B)SUBSEQUENTLY published his findings in a special work.

3. (B) DUE to the fact that the work of electrical potential forces does not depend on the shape of the path of a single charge, the same voltage appears on each of the parallel-connected conductors.

4. In response to compelling arguments, the doctor agreed to be my second, I gave him the SAME (SAME) several instructions (ON) CONCERNING the conditions of the fight.

5. We reached the goal (FOR) LIGHT, (WHILE) spending only two hours.

Indicate the number(s) in whose place(s) NN is written.

The discounted (1) item was sold (2) to a collector, and its former owner, without even visiting (3), went to the station.

Place punctuation marks. Indicate the numbers of sentences in which you need to put ONE comma.

1. The work went quickly and cheerfully and was completed on time.

2. Participles are capable of both figuratively describing an object or phenomenon and presenting its characteristic in dynamics.

3. The illogic of combining words creates a special psychological effect and attracts the reader’s attention and enhances imagery.

4. Pretty soon he settled down in this area and made friends with the neighbors.

5. Both rye and oats occupy large areas in our country.

Place punctuation marks: indicate the number(s) in whose place(s) there should be a comma(s) in the sentence.

Mixing with the salty sea winds (1), the smell of citrus fruits (2) creates (3) a healing (4) atmosphere for people.

Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentences.

On one side (1) the mountains were silent, on the other side (2) the sea was noisy.

On the one hand (3) cars are useful, and on the other hand (4) everyone knows the harm they cause to the environment.

In the 80s of the 19th century, Shishkin (1) created many paintings (2) in the subjects (3) of which (4) he still turned to the life of the Russian forest, Russian meadows and fields.

Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence.

But the river majestically carries its waters (1) and what does it care about these flowers (2) that float (3) on the water (4) as the ice floes recently floated.

Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by eliminating the extra word. Write this word down.

The rain quickly intensified, turning into a real tropical torrential downpour, and thunder rumbled more and more often.

Read the text and complete tasks 21-26.

(1) The world around us is changing. (2) And language, which exists in a changing world and does not change itself, ceases to fulfill its function.

(3) We will not be able to speak about this world in it, because we simply do not have enough words. (4) And it doesn’t really matter whether we are talking about house owls, new technologies or new political and economic realities. (5) Objectively, everything is correct, the language must change, and it is changing. (6) Moreover, delayed changes bring significant inconvenience to people, but very rapid changes can also interfere and irritate.

(7) What exactly bothers me and irritates me?

(8) I don’t like it when I don’t understand certain words in a text or in someone’s speech.

(9) Even if I understand that this word is from the English language, and I can remember what it means there, it annoys me. (10) The day before yesterday I stumbled on street racers, yesterday - on trendsetters, today - on downshifters, and I know for sure that tomorrow it will only be worse.

(15) Once upon a time I treated with slight irony the emigrants who came to Russia and did not understand some important words, the same “PR,” for example. (16) And now I myself, even without leaving anywhere, discovered that I not only don’t understand some words at all, but I understand them only because I know foreign languages, primarily English. (17) For example, it became difficult for me to read sports newspapers (for some reason, sports journalists especially do not like to translate from English into Russian, but prefer to borrow straight away). (18) Mysterious “punchers” and “cruisers” appeared in reports about boxing; in football reporting - “derby”, “Monegasques” and “Mancunians”. (19) What can I say, I no longer understand what sports we are talking about! (20) I didn’t know what curling, kiting or bungee jumping was (now I know).

OPTION 1

4) And the years passed quickly and silently and took these memories with them.

5) All that was heard was the measured breathing of the sleeping people and the crackling of burning branches, and soon all the worries of the day slowly dissolved into the serene night.

4. Place punctuation marks. Indicate the numbers of sentences in which you need to put ONE comma.

5. Place punctuation marks. Indicate the numbers of sentences in which you need to put ONE comma.

OPTION 2

6. Place punctuation marks. Indicate the numbers of sentences in which you need to put ONE comma.

7. Place punctuation marks. List two sentences that require ONE comma.

8. Place punctuation marks. Indicate the numbers of sentences in which you need to put ONE comma.

9. Place punctuation marks. List two sentences that require ONE comma.

10. Place punctuation marks. List two sentences that require ONE comma.

1) The work went quickly and cheerfully and was completed on time.

OPTION 3

11. Place punctuation marks. Indicate the numbers of sentences in which you need to put ONE comma.

12. Place punctuation marks. List two sentences that require ONE comma.

2) Tinsmiths must know the structure of various machines and devices for processing sheet metal and be able to work on them.

3) Wood glue is produced in the form of grains or hard tiles with a shiny surface.

4) We stayed up for a long time and admired the sky and the sea.

13. Place punctuation marks. List two sentences that require ONE comma.

14. Place punctuation marks. List two sentences that require ONE comma.

2) The ideal nobleman had to resemble the hero of chivalric novels and a character from ancient history and a Christian preacher.

15. Place punctuation marks. List two sentences that require ONE comma.

16. Place punctuation marks. Indicate the numbers of sentences in which you need to put ONE comma.

OPTION 1

1. Place punctuation marks. Indicate the numbers of sentences in which you need to put ONE comma.

1) The work went quickly and cheerfully and was completed on time.

2) He reads fables all night and these are the fruits of these books.

3) I’m sorry to part with you and I would like to remember you well

4) And the years passed quickly and silently and took these memories with them.

5) The illogic of combining words creates a special psychological effect and attracts the reader’s attention

2. Place punctuation marks. Indicate the numbers of sentences in which you need to put ONE comma

1) None of the employees were in the office and students and parents were waiting in the lobby.

2) Our train stopped at both large and small stations.

3) The fellow traveler did not hear what was said or ignored my hint.

4) And the years passed quickly and silently and took these memories with them.

5) Tinsmiths must know the structure of machines and devices for processing sheet metal and be able to work on them.

3. Place punctuation marks. List two sentences that require ONE comma.

1) Yesenin’s creativity is determined not only by the traditions of the “golden age” but also by the influence of new poetic thinking.

2) We now know Blok’s gloomy winter and Yesenin’s winter premonition of an inevitable revival and the special lyricism of Turgenev’s winter.

3) The old man was always cheerful and always spoke with jokes and jokes.

4) It was necessary to clear the area of debris or go in search of another place to rest.

5) All that was heard was the measured breathing of the sleeping people and the crackling of burning branches, and soon all the worries of the day slowly dissolved into the night.

4. Place punctuation marks. Indicate the numbers of sentences in which you need to put ONE comma.

1) The lapwings either screamed or silently ran over the hummocks.

2) In the forest the snow still lies untouched and the trees stand in captivity.

3) The artist was captivated not only by the beauty of the view that opened before him, but also by the variety of natural forms.

4) Gogol’s study of the character of the “scoundrel” follows a moral and psychological line and is supplemented by references to Chichikov’s personal qualities and the circumstances of his upbringing and environment.

5) Cash prizes and certificates were awarded to particularly distinguished carpenters and turners.

5. Place punctuation marks. Indicate the numbers of sentences in which you need to put ONE comma.

1) A breeze blew from the district and it immediately became fresh.

2) Among the artisans were weavers and gunsmiths and bone carvers.

3) The powerful “coat” around our planet consists of free protons and electrons and is divided into two belts.

4) Cases and cases are completely tormented.

5) The forest tangle of paths ended and a great expanse opened up.

OPTION 2

6. Place punctuation marks. Indicate the numbers of sentences in which you need to put ONE comma.

1) Kerzhenets struck us with its quiet, thoughtful and gloomy beauty.

2) The girl was mortally ill and her crafty grey eyes went out.

3) The old castle cordially received and covered the rolling need and lonely old women and rootless tramps.

4) The German manager did not know about the thefts at the factory or did not want to know.

5) Only a small Spanish patrol boat and peaceful fishing boats scurried around the sea.

7. Place punctuation marks. List two sentences that require ONE comma.

1) In the evening, Vadim went to his room and sat down to re-read the letter and write a response.

2) I didn’t hear anything else because I fell asleep unnoticed.

3) He went to the window and saw only pipes and roofs.

4) It would be nice to see paintings by Rembrandt or Titian in our museum someday.

5) Many of the participants in the literary society "Conversation" were consistent classicists and some of them brought traditional classicist genres to perfection.

8. Place punctuation marks. Indicate the numbers of sentences in which you need to put ONE comma.

1) The goals of astrologers and alchemists were fantastic, but their observations and experiments contributed to the accumulation of knowledge in both astronomy and chemistry.

2) In the 12th century, painters painted pictures with paints or ink on silk or paper scrolls.

3) It’s snowing or raining outside all December...

4) The ship had three masts with straight and oblique sails and could move in the desired direction even with a headwind.

5) Gray clouds covered the entire sky and the cold light of the autumn day sparingly filtered through them.

9. Place punctuation marks. List two sentences that require ONE comma.

1) Sheet metal is used to make machine and instrument bodies and utensils.

2) Tinsmiths must know the structure of various machines and devices for processing sheet metal and be able to work on them.

3) Wood glue is produced in the form of grains or hard tiles with a shiny surface.

4) We stayed up for a long time and admired the sky and the sea.

5) I liked the town for its location and I often walked along the embankment along the majestic river.

10. Place punctuation marks. List two sentences that require ONE comma.

1) The work went quickly and cheerfully and was completed on time.

2) Participles are capable of both figuratively describing an object or phenomenon and presenting its characteristic in dynamics.

3) The illogic of combining words creates a special psychological effect and attracts the reader’s attention and enhances imagery.

4) He spent the winter in Mirny three times, and each time returning home seemed to him the limit of human happiness.

5) Pretty soon he settled down in this area and made friends with the neighbors.

OPTION 3

11. Place punctuation marks. Indicate the numbers of sentences in which you need to put ONE comma.

1) Morning came and the golden reflections of the young sun danced on the barely noticeable waves of the calm sea.

2) An old friend invited me to stay with him and for the first time I had the opportunity to visit the upper reaches of the Volga.

3) He carefully took his shoes out of his bosom and was again amazed at the expensive work and the wonderful incident of the previous night.

4) In a few hours he will leave the house and farm and go somewhere south.

5) Islets of coltsfoot and wormwood and thin bushes yellow sweet clover revived the slope of the ravine.

12. Place punctuation marks. List two sentences that require ONE comma.

1) Machine bodies, instruments and utensils are made from sheet metal.

2) Tinsmiths must know the structure of various machines and devices for processing sheet metal and be able to work on them.

3) Wood glue is produced in the form of grains or hard tiles with a shiny surface.

4) We stayed up for a long time and admired the sky and the sea.

5) The clouds began to turn black behind the mountains and only the sun shone with bright rays.

13. Place punctuation marks. List two sentences that require ONE comma.

1) Some watercolor works relate to both painting and graphics.

2) The ocean seems to have frozen and rumbles quietly and insinuatingly.

3) You can give your answers either orally or in writing.

4) The watermelon is ripe and sugary and very tasty.

5) On the street side, a lush crimson maple stood by the picket fence and dropped its leaves into the small garden.

14. Place punctuation marks. List two sentences that require ONE comma.

1) Bright lightning shook the sky and I saw a smoky cloud bank above the window.

2) The ideal nobleman should be like the hero of chivalric novels and a character from ancient history and a Christian preacher.

3) The art teacher paid attention to the boy’s abilities and inclinations and convinced the parents to send the child to a painting school.

4) Summer residents lazily walk under umbrellas or sit in the shade of trees.

5) Antiquity in Greece appeared before V.A. Serov in her pure form and the artist perceived this country as a realized dream of great art.

15. Place punctuation marks. List two sentences that require ONE comma.

1) Summer emerges from spring and leaves into late autumn.

2) There was a noise in my head, either from the howling and whistling of the storm or from joyful excitement.

3) We saw several trees in the distance and the shadows of wind-driven clouds running across the wet grass.

4) Listen to the silence and then the forest autumn will show you all its riches.

5) To check the spelling of the unstressed vowel of the root, you need to change the word or choose a related one.

16. Place punctuation marks. Indicate the numbers of sentences in which you need to put ONE comma.

1) Varvara looked at us in surprise and laughed and clasped her hands.

2) Anna and Praskovya walked on and then looked around for a long time.

3) We felt, if not joy, then pleasant excitement.

4) From the window only gray roofs and a piece of autumn sky were visible.

5) The lanterns were spaced far from one another and Misha’s shadow grew to an unimaginable size.

Answers

1 - 32|23

2 - 21|12

3 - 15|51

4 - 13|31

5 - 15|51

6 - 12|21

7 - 25|52

8 - 35|53

9 - 45|54

10 - 24|42

11 - 21|12

12 - 45|54

13 - 13|31

14 - 15|51

15 - 24|42

16 - 35|53

Place punctuation marks. List two sentences that require ONE comma. Write down the numbers of these sentences.

1) The work went quickly and cheerfully and was completed on time.

2) Participles are capable of both figuratively describing an object or phenomenon and presenting its characteristic in dynamics.

3) The illogic of combining words creates a special psychological effect and attracts the reader’s attention and enhances imagery.

4) He spent the winter in Mirny three times, and each time returning home seemed to him the limit of human happiness.

5) Pretty soon he settled down in this area and made friends with the neighbors.

Explanation (see also Rule below).

Let's give the correct spelling.

1) The work went quickly and cheerfully and was completed on time. Every union And connects different series of homogeneous terms, a comma is not needed.

2) Participles are capable How figuratively describe an object or phenomenon, so and present its sign in dynamics.

3) Illogical connection of words creating t special psychological effect, and chains reader's attention, and enhances imagery. Three homogeneous predicates, two conjunctions, commas are placed after each homogeneous member. See the rule for the assignment.

4) (He spent the winter in Mirny three times), and (each time returning home seemed to him the limit of human happiness). SSP

5) Pretty soon he settled down in this area and made friends with the neighbors.

One comma is needed:

in the second sentence: its homogeneous members are connected using a double conjunction;

in the 4th sentence: it is complex. Contains two predicative parts that do not have a common secondary member of the sentence or introductory word and do not have a subordinate clause.

The correct answer is indicated under numbers 2 and 4.

Answer: 24|42

Relevance: 2016-2017

Difficulty: normal

Codifier section: Punctuation marks in BSC and sentences with homogeneous members

Rule: Task 16. Punctuation marks in BSC and in sentences with homogeneous members

PUNCTUATION MARKS IN COMPLEX SENTENCES AND IN SENTENCES WITH HOMOGENEOUS MEMBERS

This task tests knowledge of two punctograms:

1. Commas in a simple sentence with homogeneous members.

2. Commas in a complex sentence, the parts of which are connected by coordinating conjunctions, in particular, the conjunction I.

Target: Find TWO sentences that require ONE comma in each. Not two, not three (but this happens!) commas, but one. In this case, you need to indicate the numbers of those sentences where the missing comma was PUT, since there are cases when the sentence already has a comma, for example, in an adverbial phrase. We don't count her.

You should not look for commas in various phrases, introductory words and in the IPP: according to the specification in this task, only the three indicated punctograms are checked. If the sentence requires commas for other rules, they will already be placed

The correct answer will be two numbers, from 1 to 5, in any sequence, without commas or spaces, for example: 15, 12, 34.

Legend:

OC - homogeneous members.

SSP is a compound sentence.

The algorithm for completing the task should be like this:

1. Determine the number of bases.

2. If the sentence is simple, then we find ALL rows of homogeneous members in it and turn to the rule.

3. If there are two basics, then this is a complex sentence, and each part is considered separately (see point 2).

Do not forget that homogeneous subjects and predicates create NOT a complex, but a simple complicated sentence.

15.1 PUNCTION MARKS FOR HOMOGENEOUS MEMBERS

Homogeneous members of a sentence are those members that answer the same question and relate to the same member of the sentence. Homogeneous members of a sentence (both main and secondary) are always connected by a coordinating connection, with or without a conjunction.

For example: In “The Childhood Years of Bagrov the Grandson,” S. Aksakov describes with truly poetic inspiration both summer and winter pictures of Russian nature.

In this sentence there is one row of meanings, these are two homogeneous definitions.

One sentence can have several rows of homogeneous members. Yes, in a sentence Soon a heavy downpour hit and covered with the noise of rain streams and gusts of wind, and the groans of the pine forest two rows: two predicates, hit and covered; two additions, gusts and groans.

note: Each row of OCs has its own punctuation rules.

Let's consider various schemes sentences with OP and formulate the rules for placing commas.

15.1.1. A series of homogeneous members connected ONLY by intonation, without conjunctions.

General scheme: OOO .

Rule: if two or more words are connected only by intonation, a comma is placed between them.

Example: yellow, green, red apples.

15.1.2 Two homogeneous members are connected by the union AND, YES (in the meaning of AND), EITHER, OR

General scheme: O and/yes/either/or O .

Rule: if two words are connected by a single conjunction I/DA, no comma is placed between them.

Example 1: The still life depicts yellow and red apples.

Example 2: Everywhere she was greeted cheerfully and friendly.

Example 3: Only you and I will stay in this house.

Example 4: I will cook rice with vegetables or pilaf.

15.1.3 The last OC is joined by the union I.

General scheme: O, O and O.

Rule: If the last homogeneous member is joined by a conjunction and, then a comma is not placed in front of it.

Example: The still life depicts yellow, green and red apples.

15.1.4. There are more than two homogeneous members and a union AND repeated at least twice

Rule: For various combinations of union (clause 15.1.2) and non-union (clause 15.1.1) combinations of homogeneous members of a sentence, the rule is observed: if there are more than two homogeneous members and the union AND is repeated at least twice, then a comma is placed between all homogeneous terms

General scheme: Oh, and Oh, and Oh.

General scheme: and O, and O, and O.

Example 1: The still life depicts yellow, and green, and red apples.

Example 2: The still life depicts and yellow, and green, and red apples.

More complex examples:

Example 3: From the house, from the trees, and from the dovecote, and from the gallery- Long shadows ran far away from everything.

Two unions and, four och. Comma between och.

Example 4: It was sad in the spring air, and in the darkening sky, and in the carriage. Three unions and, three och. Comma between och.

Example 5: Houses and trees and sidewalks were covered with snow. Two unions and, three och. Comma between och.

Please note that there is no comma after the last och, because this is not between the och, but after it.

It is this scheme that is often perceived as erroneous and non-existent; keep this in mind when completing the task.

note: This rule only works if the conjunction AND is repeated in one row, and not in the entire sentence.

Let's look at examples.

Example 1: In the evenings they gathered around the table children and adults and read it aloud. How many rows? Two: children and adults; gathered and read. The conjunction is not repeated in each row, it is used once. Therefore, commas are NOT placed according to rule 15.1.2.

Example 2: In the evening Vadim went to his room and sat down reread letter and write a response. Two rows: left and sat down; I sat down (why? for what purpose?) to re-read and write.

15.1.5 Homogeneous members are connected by the union A, BUT, YES (= but)

Scheme: O, a/no/da O

Rule: If there is a conjunction A, BUT, YES (= but), commas are added.

Example 1: The student writes quickly but sloppily.

Example 2: The baby no longer whimpered, but cried bitterly.

Example 3: Small spool but precious .

15.1.6 With homogeneous members, conjunctions are repeated NO NO; NOT THIS, NOT THAT; THAT, THAT; OR EITHER; OR OR

Scheme: O, or O, or O

Rule: when repeating other conjunctions (except I) twice, neither, nor; not this, not that; this, that; or either; or, or a comma is always used:

Example 1: And the old man walked around the room and either hummed psalms in a low voice or impressively lectured his daughter.

Please note that the sentence also contains homogeneous circumstances and additions, but we do not highlight them for a clearer picture.

There is no comma after the predicate “paced”! But if instead of the union AND THEN, AND THEN there was simply AND, there would be three whole commas (according to rule 15.1.4)

15.1.7. With homogeneous members there are double unions.

Rule: In double conjunctions, a comma is placed before the second part. These are unions of both... and; not only but; not so much... but; how much... so much; although and... but; if not... then; not that... but; not that... but; not only not, but rather... than others.

Examples: I have an errand How from the judge So equals And from all our friends.

Green was Not only a magnificent landscape painter and master of plot, But It was still And a very subtle psychologist.

Mother not really angry, But I was still unhappy.

There are fogs in London if not every day , That every other day for sure.

He was not so much disappointed , How many surprised by the current situation.

Please note that each part of a double conjunction is BEFORE OC, which is very important to take into account when completing task 7 (type “error on homogeneous members”), we have already encountered these conjunctions.

15.1.8. Often homogeneous members are connected in pairs

General scheme: Scheme: O and O, O and O

Rule: When combining minor members of a sentence in pairs, a comma is placed between the pairs (the conjunction AND acts locally, only within groups):

Example1: Alleys planted with lilacs and lindens, elms and poplars led to a wooden stage.

Example 2: The songs were different: about joy and sorrow, the day that has passed and the day to come.

Example 3: Geography books and tourist guides, friends and casual acquaintances told us that Ropotamo is one of the most beautiful and wild corners of Bulgaria.

15.1.9. They are not homogeneous, therefore they are not separated by commas:

A number of repetitions that have an intensifying connotation are not homogeneous members.

And it snowed and snowed.

Simple complicated predicates are also not homogeneous

That's what he said, I'll go check it out.

Phraseologisms with repeating conjunctions are not homogeneous members

Neither this nor that, neither fish nor meat; neither light nor dawn; neither day nor night

If the offer contains heterogeneous definitions, which stand before the word being explained and characterize one object from different sides, it is impossible to insert a conjunction between them and.

A sleepy golden bumblebee suddenly rose from the depths of the flower.

15.2. PUNCTUATION MARKS IN COMPLEX SENTENCES

Complex sentences are complex sentences in which simple sentences are equal in meaning and are connected by coordinating conjunctions. The parts of a complex sentence are independent of each other and form one semantic whole.

Example: Three times he wintered in Mirny, and each time returning home seemed to him the limit of human happiness.

Depending on the type of coordinating conjunction that connects the parts of the sentence, all complex sentences (CCS) are divided into three main categories:

1) SSP with connecting conjunctions (and; yes in the meaning and; neither..., nor; also; also; not only..., but also; both..., and);

2) BSC with dividing conjunctions (that..., that; not that..., not that; or; either; either..., or);

3) SSP with adversative conjunctions (a, but, yes in the meaning but, however, but, but then, only, the same).

15.2.1 The basic rule for placing a comma in the BSC.

A comma between parts of a complex sentence is placed according to the basic rule, that is, ALWAYS, with the exception of special conditions, which limit the application of this rule. These conditions are discussed in the second part of the rule. In any case, to determine whether a sentence is complex, you need to find its grammatical basis. What to consider when doing this:

a) Not always every simple sentence can have both a subject and a predicate. So, the frequency of sentences with one impersonal part, with a predicate in vague personal proposal. For example: He had a lot of work ahead of him, and he knew it.

Scheme: [is coming], and [he knew].

The doorbell rang and no one moved.

Scheme: [they called], and [no one moved].

b) The subject can be expressed by pronouns, both personal and other categories: I suddenly heard a painfully familiar voice, and it brought me back to life.

Scheme: [I heard], and [it returned]. Don't lose a pronoun as a subject if it duplicates the subject from the first part! These are two sentences, each with its own basis, for example: The artist was well acquainted with all the guests, and he was a little surprised to see a face unfamiliar to him.

Scheme: [The artist was familiar], and [he was surprised]. Let's compare with a similar construction in a simple sentence: The artist was well acquainted with all the guests and was a little surprised to see a face unfamiliar to him.[O Skaz and O Skaz].

c) Since a complex sentence consists of two simple ones, it is quite likely that each of them can have homogeneous members in its composition. Commas are placed both according to the rule of homogeneous members and according to the rule of complex sentences. For example: Leaves crimson, gold They fell quietly to the ground, and the wind circled them in the air and threw them up. Sentence pattern: [Leaves fell], and [wind O Skaz and O Skaz].

15.2.2 Special conditions for placing signs in a complex sentence

In a school course of the Russian language, the only condition under which a comma is not placed between parts of a complex sentence is the presence common minor member.

The most difficult thing for students is to understand whether there is common minor clause, which will give the right not to put a comma between parts, or there is none. General means that it relates simultaneously to both the first part and the second. If there is a common member, a comma is not placed between the parts of the BSC. If it exists, then in the second part there cannot be a similar minor member, there is only one, it is at the very beginning of the sentence. Let's consider simple cases:

Example 1: A year later, my daughter went to school and my mother was able to go to work..

Both simple sentences can equally qualify for the time adverbial “in a year.” What's happened in a year? My daughter went to school. Mom was able to go to work.

Moving the common member to the end of the sentence changes the meaning: My daughter went to school, and my mother was able to go to work a year later. And now this minor member is no longer general, but relates only to the second simple sentence. That is why it is so important for us, firstly, the place of the common member, just the beginning of a sentence , and secondly, the general meaning of the sentence.

Example 2:By evening the wind died down and it started to freeze. What happened By the evening? The wind died down. It started to freeze.

Now more complex example 1: On the outskirts of the city the snow had already begun to melt, and it was already quite a spring picture here. There are two circumstances in the sentence, each simple has its own. That's why comma added. There is no common minor member. Thus, the presence of a second minor member of the same type (place, time, purpose) in the second sentence gives the right to insert a comma.

Example 2: By nightfall, my mother’s temperature rose even more, and we did not sleep all night. There is no reason to attribute the adverbial “to the night” to the second part of a complex sentence, therefore a comma is placed.

It should be noted that there are other cases in which a comma is not placed between parts of a complex sentence. These include the presence of a common introductory word, a common subordinate clause, as well as two sentences that are indefinitely personal, impersonal, identical in structure, and exclamatory. But these cases were not included in the Unified State Examination tasks, and they are not presented in manuals and are not studied in the school course.